历托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案)

1、TOEFL词汇题精选440题001. Most of these leaders were invo Ived in public life as reformers, activists working for wome n's right to vote, or authors, and were not represe ntativeat all of the great of ordi narywome n.The word "represe ntative" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A)

2、typical(b) satisfied(C) supportive(d) dist in ctive002. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffa ny (1843-1933) was the most noted exp onent of this style, produci ng a great variety of glass forms and surfaces, which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today.The word "prize

3、d" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) valued(B) uni versal(C) un com mon(D) preserved003. The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 un til 1915, although its in flue nce continued throughout the mid-1920's. It was eve ntually to be overtake nby a

4、 new school of thought knownas Function alism that had bee n prese nt since the tur n of the cen tury.The word "overtake n" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) surpassed(B) inclined(C) expressed(D) applied004. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaci

5、ers, traveling perhaps only a couple of in ches per day. However, at in tervalsof 10 to 100 years, these glaciersmove forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The word "in tervals" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) records(B) speeds(C) dista nces(D) periods005. The in crea

6、s ing water pressure un der the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the frictio n betwee n ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders dow nhill surge glaciers also might be in flue need by the climate, volca nic heat, or earthquakes.The word "free in g" is clos

7、est in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) push ing(B) releas ing(C) stre ngthe ning(D) draining006. A flood of ice would the n surge in to the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, caus ing sea levels to rise eve n higher, which in turn would relea

8、se more ice and set in moti on a vicious cycle.The word "pl un ge" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) drop(B) exte nd(C) melt(D) drift007. Group members look to in strume ntal leaders to "get things don e." Expressive leadership, on the other han d, is leadership th

9、at emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group's members.The word "collective" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) n ecessary(B) typical(C) group(D) particular008. They offer sympathy whe n some one experie nces difficulties or is subjected to discipli ne, are q

10、uick to lighte n a serious mome nt with humor, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group.仅供参考The word "resolve" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) avoid repeat ing(B) talk about(C) avoid thinking about(D) find a solution for009. Thousa nds of tons were extra

11、cted before 1875, when it was first noticed that the tar contained fossil rema ins. Major excavati ons were un dertake n that established the sig nifica nee of this remarkable site.The word "no ticed" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) predicted(B) announced(C) corrected(D) o

12、bserved010. Si nee then, over 100 tons of fossils, 1.5 millio n from vertebrates, 2.5 millio n from inv ertebrates, have bee n recovered, ofte n in densely concentrated tangled masses. The word "ta ngled" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) buried ben eath(B) twisted together(

13、C) quickly formed(D) easily dated011. The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface, especially in the summer, and forms shallow puddles that would ofte n have bee n con cealed by leaves and dust.The word "con cealed" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) highlighted(B) covered(C)

14、 tran sformed(D) con tam in ated012. The ocea n bottom - a regi on n early 2. 5 times greater tha n the total la nd area of the Earth - is a vast frontier that even today is largely un explored and un charted, un til about a cen tury ago, the deep-ocea n floor was completely in accessible , hidde n

15、ben eath waters averag ing over 3,600 meters deep.The word "in accessible" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) un recog ni zable(B) un reachable(C) unu sable(D) un safe013. The DSDP's drill ship, the Glomar Challe nger, was able to maintain a steady positi on on the ocea n

16、's surface and drill in very deep waters, extract ingsamples of sedime ntsand rock from the ocea n floor.The word "extracting" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) break ing(B) locat ing(C) rem oving(D) an alyz ing014. Today, largely on the strength of evide nee gathered du

17、ri ng the Glomar Challe nger's voyages, n early all earth scie ntists agree on the theories of plate tect onics and continen tal drift that expla in many of the geological processes that shape the Earth. The word "stre ngth" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) basis(B) pur

18、pose(C) discovery(D) en dura nee015. For every three Can adia ns in 1945, there were over five in 1966. In September 1966 Can ada's populatio n passed the 20 milli on mark. Most of this surg ing growth came from n atural in crease.The word "surgi ng" is closest in meaning to which of f

19、ollow ing?(A) new(B) extra(C) accelerat ing(D) surpris ing016. When the prairies were being settled, un doubtedly, the good econo mic con diti ons of the 1950's supported a growth in the populati on, but the expa nsion also derived from a trend toward earlier marriages and an in crease in the av

20、erage size of families.The word "tre nd" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) tendency(B) aim(C) growth(D) directive017. After the peak year of 1957, the birth rate in Can ada bega n to decli ne. It continued falli ng until in 1966, it stood at the lowest level in 25 years.The

21、word "peak" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) poin ted(B) dismal(C) moun ta in(D) maximum018. Although the growth in Ca nada's population had slowed down by 1966 (the in crease the first half of the 1960's was only nine perce nt) , ano ther large populati on wave was

22、 coming over the horiz on .It would be composed of the childre n who were born duri ng the period of the high birth rate prior to 1957.The phrase "prior to" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) beh ind(B) since(C) duri ng(D) precedi ng 019. Advocates of orga nic foods - a term

23、whose meaning varies greatly - freque ntly proclaim that such products are safer and more nu tritious tha n others.The word "Advocates" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) Prop onents(B) Mercha nts(C) In spectors(D) Con sumers 020. There are nu merous un substa ntiated reports

24、 that natural vitamins are superior to syn thetic on es, that fertilized eggs are nu triti on ally superior to un fertilized eggs, that un treated grains are better tha n fumigated grains, and the like.The word "un substa ntiated" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) un believa

25、ble(B) uncon tested(C) un popular(D) unv erified021. But in many cases con sumers are misled if学习文档they believe organic foods can maintain health and provide better nutritional quality tha n conven tio nally grow n foods. So there is real cause for concern if con sumers, particularly those with limi

26、ted in comes, distrust the regular food supply and buy only expe nsive orga nic foods in stead.The word "mai ntai n" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) improve(B) mon itor(C) preserve(D) restore022. In additi on, there were performers and since con siderableimporta nee was at

27、tachedto avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. The word "con siderable" is closest in meaning to which of followi ng?(A) thoughtful(B) substa ntial(c) relatio nal(D) cerem onial023. In additi on, there were performers and since con sidera

28、ble importa nee was attached to avoid ing mistakes in the en actme nt of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. The word "en actme nt" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) establishme nt(B) performa nee(C) authorizati on(D) season024. Staggeri ngtasks confron ted t

29、he peopleof the United States, North and South, when the Civil War en ded. About a milli on and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilia n life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy.The word "Staggeri ng" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?

30、(A) specialized(B) confusing(C) various(D) overwhel ming025. About a milli on and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilia n life, and reabsorbed by the devastated 仅供参考(A) develop ing(B) rui ned(C) complicated(D) fragile026. Some bota ni sts hypothesized that the

31、liv ing cells of pla nts acted as pumps. But many experime nts dem on stratedthat the stems ofplants in which all the cells are killed can still move water to appreciable heights.The word "dem on strated" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) ignored(B) showed(C) disguised(D) di

32、sti nguished027. As water is lost from the surface of the leaves, a n egative pressure, or tension, is created. The evaporated water is replaced by water movi ng from in side the pla nt in un broke n colu mns that exte nd from the top of a plant to its roots. The same forces that create surface tens

33、ion in any sample of water are resp on sible for the maintenance of these un broke n colu mns of water.The word "exte nd" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) stretch(B) bran ch(C) in crease(D) rotate028. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for reside ntial expa nsion, the

34、 omn ibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regi ons outward two to four times more dista nt from city cen ters tha n they were in the premoder n era.The word "vast" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) large(B) basic(C) new(D) urba n029.

35、The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosi on of real estate developme nt and 学习文档 fueled what we now know as urba n sprawl. Betwee n 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new reside ntial lots were recorded with in the borders of Chicago, mos

36、t of them located in outly ing areas.The word "sparked" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) brought about(B) surro un ded(C) sen t out(d) followed030. An xious to take adva ntage of the possibilities of commut in g, real estate developers added 800,000 pote ntialbuild ingsites

37、 to the Chicago region in just thirty years- lots that could have housed five to six milli on people.The word "pote ntial" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) certa in(B) popular(C) improved(D) possible031. The quality of preservati on isoutsta nding, but what is eve n moreimp

38、ressive is the nu mber of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos.The word "outsta ndin g" is closest in meaning to which of followi ng?(A) exte nsive(B) surpris ing(c) vertical(D) excelle nt032. Ichthyosaurs with embryos have bee n reported from 6 differe nt levels of the shale i

39、n a small area around Holzamde n, suggesti ng that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time.The word "site" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) example(B) locatio n(C) developme nt(D) characteristic033. The quality of preservati on is almo

40、st unm atched, and quarry operati ons have bee n carried out carefully with an aware ness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not 仅供参考acco unt forthe in teresti ng questi on of howthere came to be such a concen trati on of preg nant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to thei

41、r time of giving birth.The phrase "acco unt for " is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) record(B) describe(C) equal(D) expla in034. In the seventeenth century the organ, the clavichord, and the harpsichord became the chief in strume nts of the keyboard group, a supremacy they ma

42、intained un til the pia no suppla nted them at the end of the eightee nth cen tury.The words "a supremacy "in line 9 are closest in meaning to(A) a suggesti on(B) an improveme nt(C) a dominance(D) a developme nt035. A series of mecha ni cal improveme nts continuing well into the nin etee n

43、th cen tury, in clud ing the in troduct ion of pedals to susta in tone or to softe n it, the perfect ion of a metal frame, and steel wire of the finest quality, fin ally produced an in strume nt capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harm onies to an almost orchestral full ness of so

44、und, from a liquid, singing tone to a ship, percussive brillia nee.The word "myriad" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) no ticeable(B) many(C) loud(D) unu sual036. Each one was virtually a stone tow n, which is why the Spanish would later call them pueblos, the Spanish word f

45、or tow ns. These pueblos represe nt one of the An asazis' supreme achieveme nts. At least a doze n large stone houses took shape below the bluffs of Chiaco Canyon in n orthwest New Mexico. The word "supreme" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) most com mon(B) most outsta n

46、ding(C) most expe nsive(D) most convenient037. They fun cti oned as san ctuaries where the elders met to pla n festivals, perform ritual dances, settle pueblo affairs, and impart tribal lore to the youn ger gen erati on.The word "settle" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) si

47、nk(B) decide(C) clarify(D) locate038. Then, to connect the pueblos and to give access to the surro unding tablela nd, the architects laid out a system of public roads with stone staircases for ascending cliff faces. The word "asce ndin g" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) ar

48、riv ing at(B) carv ing(C) connecting(D) climbi ng039. Within a very short time, however, the incon gruity of play ing lively music to a sole mn film became appare nt, and film pia ni sts bega n to take some care in match ing their pieces to the mood of the film.The word "sole mn" is closes

49、t in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) simple(B) serious(C) short(d) sile nt040. Certa in films had music especially composed for them. The most famous of these early special scores was that composed and arranged for D. W. Griffith's film Birth of a Nation, which was released in 1915.The word &

50、quot;composed" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) selected(B) comb ined(C) played(D) createdThe word "scores" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) totals(B) successes(C) musical compositi ons(D) groups of musicia nsbias toward041. The Earth comprises three pr

51、incipal layers: the den se, ir on -rich core, the man tle made of silicate rocks that are semimolte n at depth, and the thin, solid-surface crust.The word "comprises" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) adapts to(B) ben efits from(C) con sists of(D) focuses on042. These plates

52、 move over the semimolte n lower man tle to produce all of the major topographical features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformati on occurs are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boun daries of con tact of the plates.The word "inten se" is closest in meaning to which of f

53、ollow ing?(A) surface(B) sudden(C) rare(D) extreme043. New ocea nic crust is formed along one or more margi nsof each plate by materialissu ing from deeper layers of the Earth's crust, for example, by volca nic erupti ons of lava at midocea n ridges.The word "marg in s" is closest in m

54、eaning to which of follow ing?(A) edges(B) peaks(C) in teriors(D) dista nces044. If at such a spread ing con tact the two plates support con ti nen ts, a rift is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the sea. The Atlantic Ocean formed like this as the America n and Afro-Europea n pl

55、ates move in opposite direct ions.The word "support" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) separate(B) create(C) reduce(D) holdimporta nee of biological diversity, the nu mber of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and huma n well-be ing. The word "

56、;appreciati on" is closest in meaning to which of followi ng?(A) ignorance(B) recog niti on(C) tolera nee(D) forgive ness 046. An alie n explori ng Earth would probably give priority to the pla net's dominant, most- disti nctive feature-the ocea n. Huma ns have a land that sometimes gets in

57、 the way of truly exam ining global issues.The word "bias" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) concern(B) disadva ntage(c) attitude(D) prejudice047. The prevailingwinds in the Great Basinare from the west. Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocea n is forced upward as it crosses

58、the Sierra Nevada.The word "prevaili ng" is closest in meaning to which of follow ing?(A) most freque nt(B) occasi onal(C) gen tle(D) most dan gerous 048. There seem to have bee n several periods with in the last tens of thousa nds of years whe n water accumulated in these bas ins. The ris

59、e and fall of the lakes were un doubtedly lin ked to the adva nces and retreats of the great ice sheets that covered much of the no rther n part of the North America n con ti nent duri ng those times. The word "accumulated" is closest in meaning to which of followi ng?(A) dried(B) flooded(C) collected(D) evaporated049. All liv ing creature, especially huma n bein gs, have their peculiarities, but everyth ing 仅供参考about the little sea cucumber seems unu sual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other ec