最新高考英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案)

1、最新高考英语 阅读理解专题练习（及答案）一、高中英语阅读理解1 .阅读理解Traveling TipsNo SmokingFederal and State Government Regulations do not allow you to smoke on board express coaches within Australia.Luggage AllowanceAs a fare paying customer you are entitled to take 2 pieces of personal luggage. Each must not exceed 75 cm in le

2、ngth, or weigh more than 20kg.Excess luggage will be carried at the company's excess luggage rate and depending on space availability may be required to be carried on another coach.Luggage Tips1) Keep your valuables with you. Money, jewellery, valuable documents, credit cards, keys, medications

3、should be retained by you and not on the coach at meal or transport stops.2) Use sturdy, lockable luggage. Do not use plastic bags as these may split during the transit.3) Make sure you identify your luggage with a name tag.4) Backpacks stow all items and do not leave mugs, shoes, towels hanging off

4、 your backpack as these can get caught in other luggage and cause damage.Departure TimesThe time shown on your ticket is the coach departure time. If you are boarding halfway and not at a travel centre or terminal you should be at the pick up point 15 minutes ahead of this time, so you can be comfor

5、tably on board by the time the coach is due to leave. If you are boarding at a travel centre or terminal, please arrive at least 20 minutes prior to the published departure time and remember to allow extra time at peak travel times.Dress RequirementsAs a courtesy, and so as not to offend fellow trav

6、elers, a reasonable standard of clothing and footwear is required.(1) As a traveler, you can.A.take the luggage 75 cm in length and 20kg in weight onlyB.leave valuable belongings on coach when going for mealsC.identify your luggage by attaching a name tag to itD.leave the mugs and shoes hanging off

7、the backpack(2) Among the following traveling tips, which one is true?A.Smoking is strictly forbidden all over the places within Australia.B.Plastic bags should be avoided in case of split during the transit.C.15 minutes ahead of the departure time should be guaranteed.D.Standards of dress requireme

8、nts have been specifically listed.【答案】(1) CB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了旅行列出五个建议，并就每个建议进行了说明。(1)考查细节理解。根据第三个建议Luggage Tips中的"Makesure you identify yourluggage with a name tag.可知，”确保你的行李上有姓名标签，也就是在行李上贴上姓名标签 以识别你的行李，故选C。(2)考查细节理解。根据第三个建议Luggage Tips中的“Dcnot use plastic bags as thesemay split during the t

9、ransit.可知，不要使用塑料袋，因为塑料袋可能会在运输过程中裂开， 所以在运输过程中避免使用塑料袋以防裂开。故选Bo【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇旅游类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节 信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。2 .阅读理解I took a journey to New York, US several months ago. It was the first time I had been abroad. It was also the first time I had taken a trip by myself. I had great enthusiasm

10、 and high hopes, and I wasn't let down.It's hard to describe how I felt when I arrived at the airport in New York. Looking at people of different races and nationalities passing by and hearing different languages all around me, I couldn't say anything for a long time. I had never underst

11、ood the cultural diversity of the US so clearly and closely before.The following days were even more impressive. We integrated( 融入)into the forest of concrete and cement(混凝土和水泥).We waved to the Statue of Liberty; we looked down at the busy island of Manhattan; we looked at well-known universities Ha

12、rvard of ancient Egypt.Then we visited some well-known university Harvard, Yale, Princeton and Columbia-each with its own appealing and time-honored history. But what all these universities have in common is their peaceful academic atmospheres witch you could feel everywhere. I was impressed by the

13、libraries, decorated just like cathedrals( 教堂),and the laboratories just next to the classroom. My dream is to return to those places as an international student.Finally came our destinations the Model United Nations conference at the University of Chicago. Students from various countries arrived to

14、 act as United Nations delegations and share their opinions about global issues.As a non-native speaker, I felt that competing against native speakers was a very tough task.But it was also a rare change to improve my English and I couldn't throw it away. With perseverance and devotion. I got use

15、d to talking to other delegations naturally. Although I didn't win any awards, the chairman praised me at the closing ceremony for my excellent performance. That made me feel really proud.This trip brought me unforgettable and valuable experiences that will benefit me forever.(1) What is the mai

16、n purpose of the author's going to America?A. To see some places of interest.B. To visit some well-known universities.C. To attend a competition at a university. D. To learn about the cultural diversity there.(2) How did the author feel when he/she saw the cultural diversity of the US?A. Regretf

17、ul.B. Amazed.C. Peaceful.D. Confident.(3) What is the author's wish in the future?A. To work for the United Nations.B. To tour more countries in the world.C. To have a job in the United States.D. To study in the famous universities in America.(4) Why did the author feel proud?A. He won an award

18、in the competition.B. He was praised by the chairman.C. He could persuade others to accept his opinions.D. He could speak English well at the conference.【答案】(1) CB(3) D(4) B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者去美国参加在一所大学里举行的比赛，对美国文化的多元化感到惊讶。作者虽然没有获奖，但他被主席表扬因而感到自豪。作者最大的 愿望是在美国大学里学习。(1)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的Finally came our

19、destinations the Model UnitedNations conference at the University of Chicago. Students from various countries arrived to act as United Nations delegations and share their opinions about global issues.和倒数第段中的“Asa non-native speaker, I felt that competing against native speakers was a very tough task.

20、 可知， 作者来美国的目的是为了在一所大学参加比赛。故选Co(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Lookingat people of different races and nationalitiespassing by and hearing different languages all around me, I couldn't say anything for a long time. I had never understood the cultural diversity of the US so clearly and closely before. 可知，

21、作者 看到美国文化的多元化时感到惊讶。故选Bo(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的 "My dream is to return to those places as an international student. 可知，作者最大的愿望是在美国大学里学习。故选 D。(4)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"AlthoughI didn't win any awards, the chairmanpraised me at the closing ceremony for my excellent performance. That made me feel reall

22、y proud.可知，他被主席表扬因而感到自豪。故选Bo【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需 要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3 .阅读理解A great number of species make their home in the vast waters of the Atlantic Ocean. Although the entire ocean makes up an ecosystem, many smaller habitats are found within, including an open-wa

23、ter habitat off the coast of the Northern Atlantic Ocean known as the Sargasso Sea. Sargassum is an alga(海藻)that floats in masses that can continue for miles. The waters of the Gulf Stream push the water in a northward move into this area. This constant move and varying temperature support the accum

24、ulation of the brown-colored seaweed.The Sargasso Sea is so enormous that one method of information collection has not been enough for scientists to obtain an accurate picture of what takes place within this ecosystem. Researchers have needed to employ several methods of sampling. Methods such as dr

25、agging nets over the surface of the water and videotaping beneath areas of sargassum have served scientists well. Information collected has shown that the Gulf Stream pushes brown algae from open water into the Sargasso Sea area, creating a diverse floating habitat in an area that would otherwise no

26、t support that wildlife.In the most recent study of the sargassum community off the shores of North Carolina, eighty- one fish species were documented as using the area as a microhabitat. This is an increase from previous studies. The types of fish found here are both commercially and environmentall

27、y important. The South Atlantic Fishery Management Council is working to regulate the harvesting of sargassum. The Council hopes to have the area classified as an Essential Fish Habitat. Which would afford it certain protections.Further research needs to be done before scientists understand how to b

28、est protect the Sargasso Sea as well as understand how it goes about supporting so many important types of wildlife.11) The author uses "enormous" in paragraph 2 to stress that A. the Atlantic Ocean is really amazing in terms of its size and areaB. what the researchers do is highly respect

29、ed by scientific communityC. the research work is complex because a large area must be coveredD. a large amount of money for the Sargasso Sea research is needed(2) It can be inferred from the phrase "needed to be done" in paragraph 4 that the author thinks.A.the Sargasso ecosystem is worth

30、 our attention and needs more studyB.the scientific community has ignored this complex ecosystemC.the Sargasso Sea is becoming a problem and needs removingD.new methods for researching the ecosystem must be found instantly(3) The text is mainly about .A.diversity of wildlife in the Atlantic OceanB.d

31、ifferent habitats of sea animalsC.methods of information collectionD.the Sargasso Sea as an entire ecosystem 【答案】(1) CA(4) D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了马尾藻海这个完整的生态系统，非常巨大以 至于一种信息收集方法不足以让科学家准确了解这个生态系统中发生的情况，这里发现的 鱼类种类在商业和环境上都很重要。南大西洋渔业管理委员会正在努力管制马尾藻海的捕 捞。这将为马尾藻海提供一定的保护。(1)考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的"onemethod of inf

32、ormation collection has not beenenough for scientists to obtain an accurate picture of what takes place within this ecosystem 一 种信息收集方法还不足以让科学家准确地了解在这个生态系统中发生了什么，可知作者在第2段中使用了“enormous'词，是为了强调研究工作很复杂，因为必须覆盖很大的区域。故选C。（ 2）考查句义猜测。根据第四段中的“ beforescientists understand how to best protect theSargasso S

33、ea as well as understand how it goes about supporting so many important types of wildlife 在科学家们了解如何最好地保护马尾藻海以及如何救助这么多重要的野生动物之 ”前，还需要做进一步的研究。可知从第4 段 “ need to be done 一词可以推断，作者认为马尾 ”藻生态系统值得我们关注，需要更多的研究。故选A。（ 3）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“ Althoughthe entire ocean makes up an ecosystem,many smaller habitats are fo

34、und within, including an open-water habitat off the coast of the Northern Atlantic Ocean known as the Sargasso Sea. 虽然整个海洋构成了一个生态系统，但在”其中发现了许多较小的栖息地，包括北大西洋沿岸的一个被称为马尾藻海的开放水域栖息地。以及文章内容为关于马尾藻海的一些研究说明，可知文本主要是关于作为一个完整的生态系统的马尾藻海。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选

35、出正确答 案。4 阅读理解The picture of George Washington is on the one-dollar bill. He served as American's first president from 1789 to 1797. President Washington has been called the "Father of his country."The third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the two-dollar bill. He

36、 was the main writer of the Declaration of independence in 1776. Jefferson was one of the most influential of the nation's Founding Fathers. He was also a plant expert, architect, musician and inventor.Another of American's greatest presidents, Abraham Lincoln, is on the five-dollar bill. He

37、 served as the sixteenth president from 1861 until 1865. He successfully led the country through the Civil War, saved the Union and ended slavery.The picture of Alexander Hamilton appears on the ten-dollar bill. Hamilton was never president. But he was the first Secretary of the Treasury and one of

38、the Founding Fathers. He was also an economist and political philosopher.Andrew Jackson was the seventh president, serving from 1829 to 1837. He supported popular democracy and individual liberty. His picture is on the twenty-dollar bill.Another president is on the fifty-dollar bill. Ulysses S. Gran

39、t served from 1869 to 1877. Before serving as president, Grant was military commander of Union forces during the Civil War. Under his command, the Union Army defeated Confederate forces.So who do you think is on the one hundred-dollar bill? It is Benjamin Franklin. Franklin was never elected preside

40、nt, but was one of the Founding Fathers. He was also a leading writer and printer, political thinker, politician, postmaster, scientist, inventor, civil activist, and diplomat.These American statesmen are on the front of the bills. The backs of the notes show images from nation's history or famo

41、us places. They are in order, the Great Seal of the United States, the signing of Declaration of Independence and the Lincoln Memorial. The others are the Treasury Building, the White House, the Capitol Building and independence Hall.(1) The design of the bills shows that Americans values their peop

42、le's.A. talents in many waysB. success in their careersC. inventions in new fieldsD. contributions to the country(2) For hundreds of years, those historic men on the bills fought for the nation's.A. economy and powerB. independence and democracyC. wealth and successD. faith and glory(3) Whic

43、h of the following might be the best title for the text?A. Men on the MoneyB. the Design of US BillsC. History on the MoneyD. the Story of US Bills【答案】(1) DB(3) A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们 对国家所做出的贡献。(1)考查推理判断。文章在描述每一种面值的纸币上的人物时，都着重描写他们对国家的作用与影响， George Washington是第一任总统， Thomas Jefferson

44、独立宣言的主要起草 者，Abraham Lincoln结束内战，废除奴隶制， Alexander Hamilton第一个财政部长和开国元 勋之一，Andrew Jackson支持大众民主和个人自由，Benjamin Franklin开国元勋之一，从而可判断美国人民看重的是伟人对这个国家做出的贡献。故选 Do(2)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"PresidentWashington has been called the ' Fatheofhis country. 第二段中的 "Jeffersowas one of the most influential of th

45、e nation's Founding Fathers.及下文对美元上其他人物的介绍可知，文章中提到的这些历史上著名的人物，无 论是独立战争，美国内战，还是独立宣言的起草与签署都反映出他们为争取国家的独立与 民主所做出的努力与牺牲。故选Bo(3)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"The picture of George Washington is on the one -dollarbill.第二段中的 The third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the two-dollar bill.及下

46、文各段的段首句可知，本文主要描述了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他 们对国家所做出的贡献。故选Ao【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需 要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5.阅读理解"What kind of rubbish are you?" This question might normally cause anger, but in Shanghai it was brought about weary complaints over the past few months. On J

47、uly 1st, the city introduced strict rubbish-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Citizens must divide their waste into four separate categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that r

48、ules are obeyed and to examine the nature of one's rubbish.Violators could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29). For repeat violators, the city can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for them to obtain hank loans or even buytrain tickets.Shanghai authorities are respo

49、nding to obvious environmental problem. It produces 9 million tons of garbage a year. But like other cities in china, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on rubbish pickers to pick out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dir

50、ty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. China produces 80 billion pairs of one-off chopsticks a year.Many citizens appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are frustrated by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or hazardous(

51、 有 害的),the distinctions among which can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have complained about the rules surrounding food waste. They must put it straight in the required public bin, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss(投掷)it by hand, Most annoying are the sho

52、rt periods for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors at the bins, this means that people go at around the same time and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad.(1) What's the purpose of Paragraph 1?A. To complain a

53、bout rubbish dividing.B. To explain the four categories of the waste.C. To introduce the rules on waste sorting.D. To show the goal of rubbish, sorting regulations.(2) What does the underlined word "Violators" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. People who don't pay for train tickets.B. People

54、who argue with the monitors.C. People who obtain bank loans.D. People who are against the regulations.(3) What makes the citizens upset most about the rules?A. Complex distinction among the four categories of rubbish.B. Short scheduled time for tossing rubbish.C. Being observed by monitors when thro

55、wing the garbage.D. Being fined when blamed due to improper behavior.(4) What can be the best title for the text?A. A Restart of Waste-sortingB. A New Age of Garbage ClassificationC. Learning to Classify RubbishD. Rubbish-sorting Benefits the World【答案】(1) CD(3) B(4) B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了 7月1日上海市出台的

56、垃圾分类规定，有 望成为我国的一个典范。文章说明了垃圾分类规定的部分内容以及违反者将面临的处罚， 这项政策出台的原因是上海日益增多的垃圾，以及居民们对此政策的看法和态度。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Citizensmust divide their waste into four separatecategories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed

57、 and to examine the nature of one's rubbish. 市民必 须将垃圾分为四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保规则得到遵守，并检查垃圾的性质。可知主要是在说明垃圾分类的相关规定，故第一段的目的是介绍垃圾分类的规则。故选C。（ 2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“ They could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan （$29）.他们将面临最高200 元 （29 美元）的罚款。可推测他们此处指违反垃圾分类规定的人们，故划线单词意思为“违反规定的人”，故选D。（ 3）考

58、查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“ Mostupset are the short windows for throwingtrash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. 最让人心烦的是扔垃圾的短暂开放 ” 期，通常是早上和晚上的几个小时，可知，扔垃圾的时间很短让居民对这些规定最不满。故选B。（ 4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“ OnJuly 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sortingregulations that are expected to be used as a mode

59、l for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate kinds and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure compliance and to inquire into the nature of one's rubbish. ”7月 1 日，该市出台了严格的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。居民必须将他们的垃圾分成四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保遵守和调查一个人的垃圾的性质）以及文章主要内容围绕着上海垃圾分类规定标志着一个垃圾分类的新时代的开始而展