英语语法介词归纳总结

1、英语语法介词归纳总结一、单项选择介词1 The equipment for all of the disabled people ought to be easy reach in public.A beyondB withinC nearD around【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查介词。A超越；B在之内；靠近；D周围。句意：所有残疾人设备都应当在公共场合容易得到。故B 正确。考点：考查介词2 Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients name, not case number.A ofB asC byD with【答案】C【解析】考查介词辨析。句

2、意现在，有的医院直接登记患者的名字，而不是病号。 " by name以名字 ”。故选C。3 Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read the library.A inB forC byD from【答案】D【解析】词义辨析。句意：Shirley, 一个真正爱书的人，经常把许多书从图书馆带到家里去看。所以选D。4 More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big citiesspace.A in search ofB in place

3、ofC for lack ofD for fear of【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：因为缺少空间，越来越多的高楼被建了起来。A. in search of 寻找； B. in place of 代替； C. for lack of 因为缺少；D. for fear of 唯恐；担心；经验。根据句意说明 C 正确。故选C。5 （浙江卷）The study suggests that the cultures we grow up influence the basicprocesses by which we see world around us.A onB inC at

4、D about【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：研究表明我们成长的文化影响我们看周围世界的基本过程。Thecultures后面是定语从句，省略 that,定语从句中cultures作宾语，那么还缺少一个介词，和 cultures 搭配用介词in， in the cultures 在环境中。故选B。【点睛】这道题与其说是考查介词，还不如说是考查定语从句，因为介词in 不是和后面的influence搭配，而是通过分析发现这是定语从句，和前面的先行词culture 搭配需要什么介词。6 These comments came specific questions often

5、asked by local newsmen.A in memory ofB in response toC in touch withD in possession of【答案】B【解析】【分析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这些评论是对某些经常被当地新闻人问到的问题的回应。A. inmemory of 纪念， B. in response to 回应， C. in touch with 联系， D. in possession of 拥有。分 析句子成分知道空格处为介词短语起连接状语的作用，根据常识和句意，评论应该是对问题的回应。所以答案应该是B. in response to 回应。【名师点睛

6、】介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。本题考查的介词短语结构是介词+名词+介词的形式，本句另外还含有一个过去分词(asked bylocal newsmen )作定语的用法。【详解】请在此输入详解！【点睛】请在此输入点睛！7 (重庆)Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 the average.A belowB onC atD above【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：去年是有纪

7、录以来最热的一年，全球平均气温上升0.68 度。 A. below 低于；B. on在 之上；C. at在；D. above超过，多于。卞据前一句Last year was thewarmest year on record 推知，温度应该是上升了，故用介词above。【点睛】with 的复合结构中，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词和代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式或分词充当。而本题考查with + 名词 /代词+介词短语,而介词的使用则根据当时语境的提示来做出相应的变化即句中的the warmest year on record起重要作用，可知高出平均气温。8 I a

8、m exercise, but it s never a good idea to exercise too close t.o bedtimeA in search ofB in favour ofC in response toD in relation to【答案】B【解析】我赞成运动，但是在就寝之前运动不是一个好主意。in search of 寻找， in favour of赞成， in response to 回答， in relation to 涉及，选B。9 At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daugh

9、ter until the train wasA out of sightB out of reachC out of orderD out of place【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查介词短语辨析。A 看不见；B 够不着；C 杂乱无序；D 不协调；句意：在火车站，这位母亲向儿子挥手直到火车看不见为止。根据句意说明A 正确。考点：考查介词短语辨析10 your generous help, I do believe I have a better understanding of your countryand culture.A But forB Out ofD As toC Thank

10、s to【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于你慷慨的帮助，我相信我对你的国家和文化有了更好的理解。A. But for要不是；B. Out of由于，无感情色彩； C. Thanks to幸亏；由于；D. As to至 于；关于。因为I do believe I have a better understanding of your country and culture 表示 "我相信我对你的国家和文化有了更好的理解"，所以前半句应该表示原因和感谢，所以用Thanks to 表示"幸亏，由于"，故选C。11 With the help

11、 of curriculum reform, students enjoy a variety of after-school activities, up to half are aimed at strengthening their physical strength and building up their confidence.A to whichB of whichC from whichD in which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在课程改革的帮助下，学生享受各种各样的课外活动，其中多达一半的活动旨在增强他们的体力和建立他们的信心。up to half ar

12、e aimed atstrengthening their physical strength and building up their confidence. 是一个定语从句，先行词 是after-school activities ,文中表示 在中”，所以用介词 of,故选B。12 entering the classroom, remember to take your seat and turn off your cell phone.A AtB FromC UponD As【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：一进入教室，记得坐下关掉手机。Upon+名词或动名词，表示 at在地方，听见

13、"，from来自"，As做为"，所以选C。考点：考查介词辨析13 I thi nk the director s attitude this program will decide what we should do next.A towardsB atC onD for.【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查介词辨析。句意：我认为导演对于这个项目的态度将会决定我们下一步怎么做？ the attitude towards 。对。的态度，故选 A项。考点 : 考查介词辨析14 On Wednesday, the World Health Organization anno

14、unced that the number of people killed by Ebola has now risen to over five thousand, with more than fourteen thousand .A having infectedB to infectC. infectedD. infecting【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查 with的复合结构。 With+宾语+宾补，宾语补足语可以是不定式（表将 来），过去分词（表被动或完成），现在分词（表主动或进行）。主句时态为一般过去 时，动作已完成。句意：世界卫生组织宣布因埃博拉病毒致死的人数截止上周三达到

15、了五千多人，并有超过一万四千人感染病毒。故选 C考点：考查with的复合结构15. Don't put your bicycle the window. The glass can be easily broken.A. againstB. withC. beyondD. for【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：不要把你的自行车倚着窗子。玻璃可能很容易被弄坏。A.put against把 靠在土； B. put with忍受；C. put beyond远离；D. put for向前进，努力进取。由句意可知选A。考点：考查介词的用法。16. As the traditional Spri

16、ng Festival is approaching, shop owners from all walks of life offer large discounts high sales income from their customers.A. in anticipation of B . in celebration ofC. in explanation of D . in possession of【答案】A【解析】考查介词词组辨析。A. in anticipation of期待，预期；B. in celebration of庆祝；C.in explanation of解释；D.

17、 in possession of拥有。句意：随着春节的临近，各行各业的店主 都提供大折扣，期待来自他们客户的高销售收入。提供折扣的目的是期待有高的销售收入，故选Ao17. When reading the lines, readers can connect the literature to their own experience.A. with B. forC. beyond D. on【答案】C【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：当读者读出言外之意时，他们可以将文学与他们自己的经 历联系起来。reading beyond thelines言外之意”是固定短语。故选 C。18. It is e

18、vident that James has made a simple mistake in his job, but don' t scold him too much; he is a green hand.A. by contrast B. more of C. at random D. at best 【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。A. by contrast 相比之下；B. more of 更大程度上的；C. at random 任意地； D. at best最多。句意：很明显， James在工作中犯了一个小错误，但不要过于责备 他，他充其量就是个新手。故D 项

19、正确。19. Stan Lee, an outstanding comic-book writer, created plenty of superheroes in his works, the Spider-man and the X-men are the most famous.A for themB for whichC of themD of which【答案】D【解析】 【详解】考查介词+关系代词。句意：斯坦 李，一位杰出的漫画作家，在他的作品中创造了大量的超级英雄，其中最著名的是蜘蛛侠和x 战警。分析句子可知，本句works 为先行词，在后面定语从句中，作介词的宾语，所以用关系

20、代词which, 根据句意可知，介词为of 表示 “ .的 ”。故 D 选项正确。 【点睛】 如何使用“介词+关系代词”结构对于 “介词 +关系代词”结构的使用，重点是要弄清其中的介词如何确定和判断。归纳起来，有以下几点方法： 1. 根据与定语从句中动词的搭配来确定介词。如：Water is the natural medium in which fish live. 水是鱼类赖以生存的自然环境。（注意搭配livein） 注意，对于那些由动词与介词构成的短语动词，通常不宜将它们拆开使用，此时应注意介 词的位置应。如：The boy （whom） my sister is looking after is getting better.不能说成：The boy after whom my sister is looking is getting better.2. 根据与定语从句中形容词的搭配来确定介词。如：Physics is the subject in our school in which every student is interested. 物理是我们学校每个学 生都很感兴趣的课程。（注意搭配be inte