大学英语四级 词汇 语法 完形填空

1、Unit 1 同形异义词辨析(10天Day 1A lessened B declined C affected D effected2. Some plants are very to light; they prefer the shade. (200A sensible B flexible C objective D sensitiveA edition B editorial C article D abstractA adapt B stick C yield D adoptA live B lively C alive D living解题小贴士1. 【C】选项中有affect,e

2、ffect,出题者正是看中了我们对这两个单词的认知度不够。affect意为“影响”(verb;effect意为“结果,作用,影响”(noun;lessen意为“减少,减轻”;decline意为“下倾,下降”。正确答案为C,题目译文为:“评论家们认为被大量广告控制的电视已经影响了节目的质量。”2. 【D】在英语中一个单词的形容词形式有很多变形,稍不注意,我们就很容易被它们搞糊涂,千万别掉进陷阱了哟!sense意为“见识,感觉”,加-tive表示具感觉性质的,意为“敏感的”,引申意为“灵敏的,感光的”;加-able后意为“能够感到的,有意识的,明智的,有判断力的”;flexible意为“灵活的,柔

3、软的”;objective意为“客观的,公正的”。所以正确答案为D,题目译文为:“有些植物对光特别敏感,它们喜欢荫凉处。”3. 【D】edition表“版本”,paper covered edition平装本,hard copy edition精装本;editorial表“编辑的”;article表“文章,论文”;abstract 表“摘要”。按题目意思来看,只有“摘要”才会是200字的。所以正确答案为D,题目译文为:“作者不得不随他的研究论文交一份200字的摘要。”4. 【A】这一题的考点在adapt和adopt上,有些考生很难在短时间内区分出其意思,尤其是放在一起时。前者意为“适应,改编”

4、,adapt to new conditions适应新环境;后者中间为“o”,让我们想到son, boy,所以意为“收养,采用”,adopt skills采用技巧,adopt children 收养孩子;stick表“粘住,粘贴”;yield表“出产,(to屈服”。正确答案为A,题目译文为:“IBM的竞争对手是否能够以合适的成本使他们的产品去适应新的硬件,这件事情现在说还为时尚早。”5. 【A】这几个单词都是live的形容词,A中live是我们经常在电视的右上角看到的,表示“实况转播”。B中的lively虽以-ly结尾,但不是副词,而是形容词,表示“活泼的,真实的”,这一点提示了我们并不是所有

5、以-ly结尾的单词都是副词,英语中有很多例外,如我们较熟悉的friendly“和蔼可亲的”,weekly“每周一次的”。C选项中alive,也表示“活着的,活泼的”,但通常情况下,以a-开头的形容词做表语的居多。以-ing结尾的形容词有正在进行着之意,所以living意为“活着的,有生命的”。所以正确答案为A,题目译文为:“你观看的足球赛来自纽约实况转播。”以上的五道真题不过是茫茫词海中的一粟。这些单词的典型特点就是极其相似,一不留神,就会中了出题人的招。不过换个思维来说,我们也可以将这些形似词做一个归纳,放在一起类比,这样还会帮助我们记单词。既破了出题人的招,又扩展了自己的词汇。形容词构词规

6、律:形容词的后缀有很多,不同的后缀会有不同的含义,以下是后缀的基本含义,记住他们,再根据词根本身来猜测其引申含义: -tive,表性质,与有关,具有性质的:talkative爱说话的,active积极的,decisive果断的-ful,接名词后,表“充满的,有倾向的”:powerful 强有力的,peaceful爱好和平的,doubtful令人生疑的-able,接动词后,表“可的,能的”:eatable可吃的,bearable可忍受的-ed,接在动词后,表被动含义:preserved受保护的常考形容词系列单词:sensible 有感觉的,明智的,有判断力的considerate 考虑周到的se

7、nsitive 敏感的,灵敏的,感光的considerable 相当大(或多的,值得考虑的respectable 可敬的,有名望的imaginative有想像力的respected 受尊敬的,受尊重的imaginable 可想像的,可能的respective 分别的,各自的imaginary 想像的,虚构的respectful 恭敬的,尊敬的雅典奥运会究竟花了多少钱?又给雅典带来了些什么?Latest estimates of the costs of hosting the Athens Olympics put them at up to $10bn a huge amount for a

8、 small country like Greece, once the poorest in the EU. The nation has pinned hopes of a successful future on the events being a showcase for a “transformed”country, attracting new investors and tourists alike. Mr Doukas admitted that total spending on the Olympics was certain to rise to more than 7

9、bn euros (4.6bn from an original estimate of 4.6 bn euros.1. estimate: n. & v. 估计,估价My estimate of his abilities was wrong. 我对他的能力估计错了。3. original: a. 起初的,原来的,独创的,新颖的an original invention新的发明【单词变形】origin(n. 起源originality(n. 创意,新奇 original(a. 起初的,原来的originally(adv. 最初地,原先1. We are interested in t

10、he weather because it us so directlywhat we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.A benefits B affects C guides D effectsA transplanted B transformedC transported D transmitted3. Visibility was poor owing to the thick fog, and our plane had to make alanding.A forced B forcing C forceful D forcible4

11、. These problems are very , because I dont know what to do.A worry B worrisome C worriless D worried5. The house in which passed was the smallest in that large city.A imaginary B imaginedC imaginative D imaginable6. At the top of the hill we were able to see the full of the city.A expand B extent C

12、expense D extend7. Many of the earliest into the United States established large plantations.A emigrants B emigration C immigrants D migrants8. Many years ago, a lot of factories were from big cities to the mountainous areas in case of war.A transferred B transformedC transmitted D transportedA fres

13、h B original C rude D crude10. The old couple decided to a boy and a girl, though they had three of their own.A adapt B bring C receive D adoptWhat kind of room has no windows or doors?unit 1 同形异义词辨析(10天Day 21. The countryside is in fresh air and green plants.A abandoned B appeared C abundant D abus

14、ed2. Your is requested at the Wednesdays meeting.A absence B presence C ability D present3. The citizens have free to the collections of the public library.A access B accuse C assess D absence4. Many adults nowadays go back to college to a higher degree.A acquire B inquire C require D access5. To dr

15、ive a vehicle backwards you have to put it in gear.A adverse B diverse C reverse D traverse解题小贴士1. 【C】这一题要考核我们对这几个词意思的辨析,abandoned意为“被抛弃的”,appeared意为“出现”,是动词的过去分词形式, abundant意为“丰富的”;abused意为“滥用,辱骂”,也是动词过去分词形式。这里显然是要填入一个形容词性的单词,根据上下文,正确答案为C,题目译文为:乡村有着丰富的新鲜空气和绿色植物。2. 【B】这一题是对absence和presence的词义辨析,abse

16、nce意为“缺席”;而presence意为“出席”;ability意为“能力”;present是“出席”的动词和形容词形式。根据题意,正确答案为B,题目译文为:你必须在星期三的会议中出席。3. 【A】这一题中的几个单词看起来很容易混淆,那么对其意思的掌握就很重要了。access意为“接近,进入,出入权”,常与介词to 搭配,此单词在历届考试中出现频率较高,请大家重视这个单词; accuse意为“控告,谴责”;assess意为“评估,评定”。所以正确答案是A,题目译文为:市民有免费借阅公共图书馆藏书的权利。4. 【A】这一题主要考查词根为quire的几个词。acquire意为“获得,学到”;in

17、quire意为“询问,问明”;require意为“需要,要求”。acquire a degree是一个固定的搭配,意为获得学位。所以正确答案是A,题目译文为:现在很多成年人又重新回到学校来攻读更高的学位。5. 【C】这组题,我们要搞清楚词根verse的意思,verse做词根的时候意为“转向,转移”。adverse意为“敌对的,相反的”。diverse 意为“变化多的,不同的”。reverse可以用做名词、动词和形容词,意为“相反,背面;相反的,倒转的”;做动词意为“倒转,颠倒”。traverse中tra-意为“穿越”,它也可以做名词、动词和形容词,意为“横贯,横断;横的”;做动词意为“横穿,横

18、越,来回穿过”。reverse gear是固定搭配,意为“机动车中的倒车挡位”。所以正确答案为C,题目译文为:要把车往后开,就要置入倒车挡位。上面的单词是不是又让你感到了绝望?记单词就是要经常把这些形似的单词比一比。平时上课时提到某一单词的汉语释义时,同学们都会在同一时间内反应出几个单词,也是被同样的问题所困扰,所以我将常见常考的同形词进行了归纳总结。希望大家记单词的时候一定要比较地学习,今天只是一部分,后面还有呢!1. aggressive a. 好斗的,敢做敢为的progressive a. 前进的,(税收累进的,进步的2. altitude n.(尤指海拔高度attitude n. 姿势

19、,态度gratitude n. 感谢multitude n. 多数,群众(the multitude3. assert v. 断言,声称asset n. 财产;资产4. blank a. 空白的,空着的,失色的,没有表情的blink v. 眨眼brink n.(峭岸、崖的边缘5. bloom n. 花,旺盛,青春v.(使开花,(使繁盛broom n. 扫帚gloom n. 阴暗,阴沉loom n. 织布机,织机v. 隐现,迫近6. boast n. 自夸,值得夸耀的事物v. 自夸,以有而自豪boost v. 推进roast v. 烤,烘,烘烤7. brief a. 简短的,短暂的n. 摘要,大

20、纲grief n. 悲痛,伤心事,不幸,忧伤8. cease v. 停止,终了ease n. 安逸,安心,不费力,悠闲vt. 使悠闲,使安心,减轻,放松vi. 减弱,减轻,放松,灵活地移动lease n. 租借,租约,租赁物,租期,延续的一段时间vt. 出租,租出,租得release n. & vt. 释放,解放,放弃tease n. 揶揄,戏弄,逗惹vt. 取笑,逗恼9. clash v. 冲突,撞击声,抵触crash v. 碰撞,坠落,坠毁crush vt. 压碎,碾碎,压服10. complement n. 补足物;语法补语;数余角vt. 补助,补足compliment n. &

21、amp; vt. 称赞,恭维implement vt. 贯彻,实现网络的发明给了我们一个了解世界的机会,它的发展速度超乎我们的想像。Then came e-mail a few years later, a core communications protocol(协议called TCP/IP in the late 70s, the domain name system in the 80s and the World Wide Webnow the second most popular application behind e-mailin 1990. The Internet exp

22、anded beyond its initial military and educational domain into businesses and homes around the world.1. domain name: 域名domain: 领土,领地World Wide Web: full name of WWW 万维网2. expand: v. 扩张,发展expand operations 扩展业务【单词变形】expansive(a. 广阔的,易扩张的expansion (n. 扩充,开展,膨胀3. initial: a. 最初的;n. 词首大写字母initial price最初

23、成本【单词变形】initiative(n. 主动take the initiative带头,主动1. We are in urgent need of a large number of salesmen so far.A aggressive B massive C progressive D possessive2. She felt a deep sense of to the teacher who had encouraged her to go on to university.A altitude B gratitude C attitude D multitude3. He t

24、hat nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.A asserted B dessert C deserted D asset4. In October 1962, the world seemed on the of nuclear war.A blink B brink C blank D branch5. There was a sense of in the city after the teams loss.A broom B gloom C bloom D loom6. Hank was that he co

25、uld drink a case of beer by himself.A boosting B boasting C roasting D toasting7. The she felt over Helens death was almost unbearable.A brief B chief C grief D thief8. The rain and the sky cleared.A released B eased C ceased D teased9. Coconuts have to be in order to extract their oil.A crashed B c

26、rushed C clashed D brushed10. Rob always showered me with and made me feel special.A complement B complimentC alignment D implementWhat is the longest word in the English language?unit 1 同形异义词辨析(10天Day 31. You have been the task of keeping the records up to date.A signed B assignedC resigned D desig

27、ned2. Mary wouldnt do her homework until I her with ice cream.A bride B Bible C bribed D cribbed3. The waiter brought the first , a simple leek and potato soup.A course B curse C coarse D cruise4. He was a man of strong social , who actively campaigned against poverty in all its forms.A conscious B

28、consciousnessC conscience D conscienceless5. I some of my time and energy to collecting money for the poor Christians.A delicious B dedicate C design D delicate解题小贴士1. 【B】根据题干,此题肯定是要填入一个动词,选项sign意为“签名(于”;assign意为“分配,委派”;resign意为“辞去,辞职”; design意为“设计”。那么结合上下文,考虑到题干中的被动态结构,正确答案为B,译文为:你被委派了保持最新记录的任务。2.

29、【C】分析题干,此空需填入一个动词才合理,所以,bride意为“新娘”,和Bible意为“圣经”就都被排除了。剩下的任务就是区别bribe和crib的词义,bribe意为“贿赂”,而crib意为“抄袭”,此单词为超纲单词,如不认识,可不用考虑。所以正确答案为C,译文为:直到我给了玛丽一杯冰淇淋作为贿赂,她才愿意做家庭作业。3. 【A】这一题的难点单词在于coarse,它看上去很像一个名字,但是不要被它迷惑了,其实它是一个形容词,意为“粗糙的”;选项A. course,同学们都知道它是“过程,经过,课程”的意思,但是不要忽略了它另外一个意思,那就是“一道菜”;curse意为“咒骂”,名词和动词同

30、形,cruise意为“巡游”。正确答案为A,题目译文为:侍者上了第一道菜:韭菜和土豆汤。4. 【C】这一题的几个单词属于记忆难点。conscious“意为有意识的,有知觉的”;consciousness意为“意识,知觉”;conscience意为“良心,道德”;conscienceless意为“没良心的”。正确答案为C,题目译文为:他有着很强的社会公德,经常积极参加各种形式的反贫穷的运动。5. 【B】这一题要注意D选项delicate,它看上去像个动词,其实是个形容词,意为“精致的,精巧的”;dedicate是和delicate形似的词,意为“奉献,致力于”;design意为“设计,计划”。所

31、以正确答案为B,题目译文为:我花费自己的一些时间和精力为贫穷的基督徒募集资金。1. consent vi.(to同意,赞成contend v.(against, for, with斗争,竞争content n. 内容,容量,目录,满足a. 满足的,满意的,愿意的vt. 使满足2. denote vt. 指示,表示donate v. 捐赠,赠予devote vt. 投入于,献身3. explicit a. 明确的;清楚的implicit a. 暗含的;含蓄的4. incur vt. 招致;惹起occur vi. 发生,出现;(与to连用想起,想到5. mass n. 块,大多数;(the mas

32、s群众,民众mess n. 混乱,脏乱v. 弄乱6. staff n. 全体职员;全体工作人员vt. 提供人员;安置职员stuff n. 原料,材料,素材,资料vt. 塞满,填满,填充7. statue n. 雕像,塑像status n. 身份,地位,情形,状况8. virtual a. 实际上的;事实上的virtue n. 德行,美德9. principal a. 主要的,首要的n. 负责人,首长,校长principle n. 法则,原则,原理10. moral a. 道德(上的,精神的mortal a. 致命的现代都市人的繁忙生活让他们少了许多娱乐,难怪有首歌中唱到:最近比较烦,比较烦,看

33、那前方怎么也看不到岸The conflict between the time we want off and the guilt we feel when we actually surrender(投降,自首to leisure is a long-running battle. But it has gone to absurd degrees. Its an unstable economy, driven by 24-7 (24 hours a day, 7 days a week technology and an over-scheduling craze. It has mad

34、e many feel as if their free moments are a form of truancy(逃避.1. conflict n. & v. 斗争,冲突conflict of interest 利益冲突2. absurd a. 荒谬的,可笑的Dont be absurd! 不要胡闹!3. unstable a. 不牢固的,不稳定的unstable weather 不稳定的天气【反义词】stable 稳定的1. Well be with a respectable result in tomorrows match.A consented B contentC co

35、ntext D contending2. The English word “family”used to all the people in the house, including servants.A denote B donate C devote D dial3. Be when you talk about money with your family.A explicit B implicitC complicated D complicit4. The force of that competition is indicated by the costs that firms

36、and the fees that they charge clients.A concur B incur C occur D carriage5. There was a of people around the club entrance.A mass B massive C mess D mission6. The clinic is by retired doctors.A stiff B scolded C stuffed D staffed7. Many mothers feel that they have very low in todays society.A statio

37、n B status C statue D states8. Finding a cheap place to rent is a impossibility in this area.A virtue B virtual C virginal D various9. His reason for making the journey was to visit his family.A principle B principallyC principal D principled10. It is easy to have an opinion on a issue like the deat

38、h penalty for murder.A merchant B moral C mass D mortalWhat gets whiter the dirtier it gets? unit 1 同形异义词辨析(10天Day 41. For a long period of time Latin was the language of Italy.A liberal B literal C literary D literacy2. Were looking for highly young people, with a genuine interest in their task.A i

39、ntelligent B intelligenceC intellect D intelligible3. The Japanese have no wish to Western social customs and attitudes.A intimate B imitate C intimidate D initiate4. The couple were cheered and on their arrival.A slapped B lapped C clapped D tapped5. At the time, the law gave women very little from

40、 violent husbands.A protection B investigationC detection D motivation解题小贴士1. 【C】这一题的几个单词一眼看去很容易混淆,先区别A选项liberal,意为“慷慨的,自由主义的”;其他的几个词都是和文字挂钩的,literal意为“字面上的,不夸张的”;literary意为“文学上的,书本的”;literacy是名词,意为“有文化,有读写能力”。那么题干的意思应该是填入书面语言,显然正确答案是C,题目译文为:很长一段时间,拉丁文是意大利的书面语言。2. 【A】这一组词是常考的重点、难点,需要重点记忆,首先是两个名词:int

41、elligence意为“智力,智能”;intellect也意为“智力”,但是是强调的抽象思维的能力;剩下两个形容词,intelligent意为“聪明的,伶俐的”;intelligible意为“可理解的”。从句子结构来看应填入一形容词,再根据上下文,正确答案为A,题目译文为:我们正在寻找高智商的年轻人,他们要对自己的任务有着真正的兴趣。3. 【B】这一组词也是很让人头疼的,我们必须加以重点区分。intimate意为“亲密的”;imitate意为“模仿,仿效”;intimidate意为“胁迫”;initiate意为“开始,发起”。根据上下文,正确答案是B,题目译文为:日本人不想模仿西方的观念和传统

42、。4. 【C】这组词都涉及到动作的细微差别,很难区分。slap意为“拍,掌击”;lap意为“轻拍”;clap意为“鼓掌”;tap意为“轻敲”。意思清楚了,答案就很明显了,正确答案为C,题目译文为:这对夫妻的到来受到了热烈的欢迎。5. 【A】这一题中的单词虽然形似,但是还是容易记忆和区分的。protection意为“保护”;investigation意为“调查,研究”;detection 意为“察觉,发现”;motivation意为“动机”。它们都有相对应的动词,也应该联想记忆:protect,investigate,detect,和motivate。那么根据题干,正确答案为A,题目译文为:当时

43、,法律对妇女遭受家庭暴力的保护很少。1. detection n. 察觉,发觉protection n. 保护2. device n. 装置,设计,设备devise vt. 设计,发明,图谋revise vt. 修订,校订3. disguise v. 假装,伪装disgust vi. 令人厌恶,令人反感vt. 使作呕4. exterior a. 外部的,外在的,表面的inferior a. 下等的,下级的interior a. 内部的,内的superior a. 较高的,上级的5. course n. 过程,经过;课程;一道菜cause n. 原因,动机,理由vt. 引起,使发生6. fles

44、h n. 肉,(供食用的兽肉,肉体,vt. 以肉喂(猎犬等,使肥,赋以血肉vi. 长胖fresh a. 新鲜的,无经验的,生的,adv. 最新地,刚刚n. 开始,泛滥flash n. 闪光,闪现,一瞬间vi. 闪光,闪现,反射,使迅速传遍vt. 使闪光,反射 a. 闪光的,火速的7. gasp vi. 喘息,气喘vt. 气吁吁地说grasp vt. 抓住,抓紧,掌握,领会n. 抓住,抓紧,掌握,领会8. cling vi.(clung粘紧,附着;坚持(常与to连用fling vt.(flung(用力扔,掷,扑9. worship n. 崇拜,礼拜,尊敬vi. 敬神,拜神vt. 崇拜,尊敬wor

45、kshop n. 车间,工场warship n. 军舰,战船10. change n. 改变,变化,转变,找回的零钱vt. 改变,变革,改造,兑换charge n. 负荷,电荷,费用,主管,掌管v. 装满,控诉,收费chant n. 圣歌美国大选,谁能获胜?看看他们名字的长短,即可见分晓。美国总统选举名字越短,当选的几率越高。Whats the big question US presidential candidates should be asking themselves? Is my name short enough? So if you want to find a way of

46、forecasting(预测who is going to win the race for the presidency, look at the lengths and origins of their names. The pattern since World War II has been for candidates with increasingly short, poster-friendly names. And preferably sounding like they could be the lead characters ina mini-series.1. cand

47、idate: n. 候选人,投考者【同义词】applicant 申请人2. pattern: n. 模典范,榜样ones pattern of behavior 一个人的行为特点3. character: n. 身份,角色,能力in his character as the father 以父亲的身份1. She a method for quicker communications between offices.A devices B revises C devises D invokes2. The FBI say the hijackers were very likely to ha

48、ve been .A disguised B disgustedC distinguished D disposed3. She always acts so to everyone else.A exterior B interior C inferior D superior4. This plane is in the of the flight.A course B cause C source D divorce5. The Great Wall was made not only of stone, but of the and blood of millions of men.A

49、 fish B fresh C flesh D flash6. Female workers like to in the office.A gasp B grasp C gossip D gasoline7. A Swedish wanted to join Napoleons Army.A granted B greatness C gigantic D great8. He came back last night.A late B later C lately D latterly9. He injured his hands in the .A worship B workshopC

50、 warship D relationship10. He is in of this bothering task.A change B charge C chant D chardCan not be bought, can not be sold, even if its made of gold.unit 1 同形异义词辨析(10天Day 5几天过去了,你对这一类词掌握得如何呀?本天是对前几天的一个复习,古人云:温故而知新。不要放弃任何一个小小的挑战哟!1. A. This plane is in the (过程of the flight.B. Whats the (原因of the

51、accident?C. Where is the (源头of the river?2. A. Many (式样of bicycles are on show.B. Fill in the blanks with proper (情态的verbs.3. A. Little light (闪现on the wall.B. The Great Wall was made not only of stone, but of the (肉体and blood of millions of men.C. These are (新鲜的vegetables.4. A. He asked the man in

52、the water to (抓the rope.B. The people (喘气at the cruelty of the bad boss.5. A. The Department of Education gave him a (奖章for his good work.B. This spear is made of (金属.6. A. There are seven (奇迹in the world.B. I saw him (徘徊in the street.7. A. The boy was (发抖with cold.B. There is a (寺院on the top of the

53、 hill.8. A. He (摸me on the forehead with his left hand.B. The boss is very (粗暴.9. A. We have friends (遍及the world.B. The Xiang River flows (通过Changsha.C. The doctor gave the boy a (彻底的examination.D. (虽然he is a student, he knows a lot.10. A. The old man was (挨饿to death.B. The teacher (凝视the class int

54、o silence.11. A. The whole nation was in deep (悲哀at this news.B. The road is so (狭窄的that two cars cant pass.12. A. She got a (严重的illness.B. Dont be (好奇的about everything.C. He felt (紧张的when he said it to her.13. A. There are seven heads of (牛in the meadow.B. The (战斗was over soon.C. How many (瓶of beer

55、 are there on the table?14. A. Beijing is the (首都of China.B. He is a (上尉in an army.15. A. This (技术的school was set up in 1960.B. The violinists (技巧was excellent.16. A. I (想hell pass the examination.B. He is an (专家on foreign affairs.17. A. The (质量of this kind of paper is quite good.B. He has a large (

56、数量of books.18. A. The village had already been (抛弃when the enemy arrived.B. There are (许多supplies of wood in the forest.19. A. The two parties (冲突with each other on the question of tax deduction.B. The city police held a campaign to (压制all kinds of crimes.C. The table overturned and the trays (摔down

57、 the ground to pieces.20. A. He quitted because he did not think it was worth (竞争for.B. You can choose any part of the book to read according to the table of(内容.C. My parents would never (同意to such an unsuitable marriage.21. A. He has (致力his whole life to the national sports development.B. The foreign visitors were amazed at the (精致traditional Chinese works of art.22. A. His smile seemed to indicate his (含蓄的consent to the way of my