复旦大学2003~2004学年第二学期儿科学试卷A2004600级预防

1、复旦大学 20032004 学年第二学期儿科学试卷（ A ） 2004.6（00 级预防医学、卫生管理、基础医学一、选择题（每题 1 分，共 40 分） A 型题1. During fetal life, the earliest synthesized immunoglobin isA. IgMB. IgDC. IgGD. IgA E. IgE2. The range of serum natrium concentration inisonatremic dehydration should beA. 120140mmol/LB. 130160mmol/LC. 140160mmol/LD.

2、 140150mmol/L E. 130150mmol/L3. A boy, one year old ,with high fever 6 days, listlessness, frequent cough, paroxysmal respiratory distress . Physical examination: nares flaring, marked inspiratory retractions, dullness at both lower lungs, decreased breath sounds, small amount of fine moist rale thr

3、ough both lungs. The white blood count was 9.0 109/L,冲e chest x-ray showed bilaterally patchy shadow of density. The most likely diagnosis is:A. staphylococcal pneumoniaB. respiratory syncytial virus pneumoniaC. adenovirus pneumoniaD. mycoplasma pneumoniaE. pneumoncoccus pneumonia4. Which is main di

4、fference between dehydration of severe degree and moderate degree?A. poor skin resiliencyB. orbit pittingC. oliguria or anuriaD. metabolic acidosisE. peripheral circulatory failure5. A pre-term baby of one month and two days old, gestational age 35 weeks, born in winter, breast feeding, weight is in

5、creasing from 2.0kg to 3.0kg. Now which supplementary food is added to at first and why?A. rice-water, for supplementation of energyB. vegetable soup,for supplementation of mineral substancesC. rice-paste,for supplementation of energyD. cod liver oil, for supplementation of Vit AE. cod liver oil, fo

6、r supplementation of Vit D6. What time is better for weaning in breast feeding baby?A. 4-5 months of ageB. 6-9 months of ageC. 10-12 months of ageD. 13-15 months of ageE. 18 months of age7. The ratio of Calcium and Phosphorus in breast-milk isA. 1:2B. 1.5:1C. 2:1D. 1.2:1E. 1.5:28. What is the most i

7、mportant clinical feature of nephritic syndrome?A. ProteinuriaB. EdemaC. HypertensionD. HypoalbuminemiaE. Hypercholesteolemia9. Very low birth-weight infant is the newborn whose birth weight is less thanA. 2500gB. 2000gC. 1500gD. 1000gE. 800g10. The major manifestation of Tuberculous meningitis in c

8、hildren isA. A tense anterior fontanealB. ConvulsionC. StuporD. Cranial nerve palsiesE. Mood changes11. If the mother s Rh blood type is CcDee and the fetus is CcDdEe, then Rh incompatibility should beA. C antigenB. c antigenC. D antigenD. E antigenE. e antigen12. DTP (Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis

9、 vaccine), Primary immunization should be takenA. Just one timeB. Once a month, two timesC. Once a month, three timesD. Once a week, two timesE. Once a week, three times13. Physiologic weight lower of a normal newborn will be recovered inA. 13daysB. 35 daysC. 57 daysD. 710 daysE. 1014 days14. A heal

10、thy boy, one year and six months old, how much energy and water should he require everyday ?energy (kj) /kg water(ml) /kgA. 418 (100 kcal) 100B. 460 (110 kcal) 100C. 418 (100 kcal) 110D. 418 (100 kcal) 125E. 925 (150 kcal) 15015. An infant, weight 7 kg, length 65 cm,head circumference 42 cm, the inf

11、ant should beA. 5 months oldB. 6 months oldC. 7 months oldD. 8 months oldE. 9 months old16. If a staphylococcal pneumonia patient suddenly breath difficultly, we should consider that is because :A. high feverB. acidosisC. pneumonia developedD. pyopnemothoraxE. heart failure17. Which one is the most

12、common type of TB in childrenA. Primary pulmonary tuberculosisB. Miliary tuberculosisC. Tuberculosis meningitisD. Tubeculosis of abdomenE. Tuberculous pleurisy18. Which one is the cyanotic type of congenital heart diseaseA. ventricular septal defectB. atrial septal defectC. tetralogy of FallotD. Pat

13、ent ductus arteriosusE. pulmonary stenosis19. The major manifestions of acute glomerulonephritis areA. hypertension, hematuria, proteinuriaB. proteinuria, hypertensionC. edema, hypertension, hematuriaD. oliguria, edema, hypertension, hematuriaE. oliguria, edema, hematuria, hypercholesteolemia20. PPD

14、 test is a reliable diagnostic test for tuberculosis, an infected patient respounds positively of infectionA. immediatelyB. within 1-2 weekC. within 2-4 weekD. within 4-10 weekE. after 10 week21. 7个月男婴，腹泻34d,大便每天89次，呈稀水样，伴呕吐每天12次。体检：皮肤稍干, 弹性差,心音低钝。此患儿入院时最重要的处理是A. 纠正水、电解质紊乱B.调整与适当控制饮食C.控制肠内、外感染D.给止吐药

15、E.给消化药22.婴儿体重4kg,前因1.5cm x 1.5cm,后因0.2cm,能微笑，从俯卧位扶起时能仰头。其最可能 的月龄为A. 2 个月 B. 3 个月 C. 4 个月 D. 5 个月 E. 6 个月23. 患儿 4 岁 ,确诊为单纯性肾病。下列检查符合诊断,除了A.蛋白电泳中白蛋白明显减少，“ 1, 丫球蛋白升高B.呈选择性蛋白尿C.血清胆固醇明显升高D.尿蛋白总量每天0.1g/kgE.离心尿红细胞v 10/HP24. 早产儿胎龄34 周 ,出生体重2kg 。生后 4h 内进行呼吸困难,胸部X 线表现两肺细小网状颗粒状阴影及两肺野外带支气管充气征,肺容量小。最可能的诊断是A. 衣原体

16、肺炎B.胎粪吸入性肺炎C.持续肺动脉高压D.肺透明膜病E.湿肺25. 一胎龄34周早产儿，8h,于生后不久即出现呼吸困难、呼气性呻吟、发绡,进行性加重。体检:呼吸每分钟 70 次,吸气性凹陷,唇周青紫明显,两肺呼吸音稍低,诊断为肺透明膜病。 下列 X线肺部表现哪项不符合本病?A. 两侧肺野普遍性透亮度减低B.均匀散在的细小颗粒和网状阴影C.支气管充气征D.部分肺泡代偿性气肿E.严重病例可呈"白肺"26. 下列哪项不是婴儿期中、大型室间隔缺损的临床主要特点？A 喂养困难、气急、多汗和体重不增B 反复呼吸道感染C常发生充血性心力衰竭D 胸骨左缘下方响亮粗糙全收缩期杂音，伴震颤E

17、临床上常伴有紫绀和杵状指27. 患儿 ,6 个月,诊断为法洛四联症。在一次哭闹后出现呼吸困难,随即昏厥 ,抽搐。产生此现象的最可能原因是A. 呼吸衰竭B.心力衰竭C.循环衰竭D. 因血液粘稠而产生肺栓塞E.以上均不是28. 营养性缺铁性贫血患儿，血红蛋白 90g/L ，最合适的治疗是A 反复多次少量输血B 肌注右旋糖酐铁C 服用硫酸亚铁及维生素CD 服用枸橼酸铁胺E 多进含铁丰富食品29. 10 个月婴儿，生后母乳喂养，奶量不足，未添加辅食，已逐渐苍白，肝肋下3cm ，脾肋下1cm,质软。血：红细胞3X 1012/L ,血红蛋白70g/L,白细胞8X109/L,中性粒细胞 35%,淋巴细胞64

18、%，大单核细胞1% ，可诊断为A 营养性缺铁性贫血 B 营养性巨幼红细胞性贫血 C 营养性混合性贫血 D 溶血性贫血 E 生理性贫血30. 男孩 ,10 岁。患原发性肺结核。在其自然演变过程中,最为常见的情况是A. 自然吸收或钙化B.发展为肺门淋巴结结核C.病灶溶解、坏死形成空洞D.血行播散E.发展为胸膜炎31. 女婴 ,7个月 ,体重5.5kg 。生后以母乳喂养,量少 ,未加辅食。尚未出牙,不会爬。体检:神志清，精神可稍苍白，腹部皮下脂肪0.5cm,肌肉稍松驰。可能诊断是A. 正常儿B.第1度营养不良C.佝偻病D.第2度营养不良E.第3度营养不良32. 维生素 D 缺乏性佝偻病的骨骼改变，下列哪一项叙述是不正确的？A 生后2-3 个月出现鸡胸或漏斗胸B 枕部乒乓头是活动性佝偻病的早期表现，多出现于3-6 个月婴儿C生后8-9 月出现方头D 1 岁半后前囟仍未闭E 出牙可延迟到 1 岁，或到 3 岁才出齐33. 佝偻病性手足搐搦症可有以下特点 ,除了A. 全身性抽搐B.婴儿期可呈婴儿痉挛发作C.喉痉挛D.手足痉挛E.面神经征阳性34. 女婴 ,4 个月。冬季出生,足月顺产,单纯牛奶喂养。近半个月来较烦躁,夜寐欠佳。体检应注意的体征为A. 方颅B.肋