历年职称英语考试理工类B级历年真题及答案

1、2010年职称英语理工类(B级)考试真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第115题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1Patricia stared at the other girls with resentmentAangerBdoubtClove考试大论坛Dsurprise2The document was compiled by the Department of HealthAwrittenBprintedCattachedDsent3He's spent years cultivating a knowle

2、dge of artAsharingBusingCdenyingDdeveloping4We've seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issuesAclearBregularCquickDgreat5.Her father was a quiet man with graceful mannersApoliteBsimilarCusualDbad6.I want to provide my boys with a decent educationAgoodBspecialCprivateDgeneral7In the p

3、rocess，the light energy converts to heat energyAchangesBreducesCleavesDdrops8Many cities have restricted smoking in public placesAlimitedBallowedCstoppedDkept9 What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?AretirementBadvertisementCadvancementDreplacement10If we leave now，we should miss the traffi

4、cAdirectBstopCmixDavoid11There was a profound silence after his remarkAproudBshortCsuddenDdeep12I enjoyed the play it had a clever plot and funny dialoguesAlongBboringCoriginalDhumorous13The thief was finally captured two miles away from the villageAcaughtBkilledCfoundDjailed14Such a database would

5、be extremely costly to set upAtransferBdestroyCestablishDupdate15The two banks have announced plans to merge next yearAcombineBsellCcloseDbreak第2部分：阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。A Great Quake Coming?Everyone who lives in S

6、an Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the bay area and they can be devastatingIn 1906，for example，a major quake destroyed about 28，000 buildings and killed hundreds，perhaps thousands of peopleResidents now wonder when the next"Big One"will strikeIt's bound to happen someday

7、At least seven active fault(断层)lines run through the San Francisco areaFaults are places where pieces of Earth's crust(地壳)slide past each otherWhen these pieces slip，the ground shakesTo prepare for that day, scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad

8、 the damage might be when the next one happens考试大中国教育考试门户网站(wwwE)One new finding about the 1906 earthquake is that the San Andreas fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the timeDuring small earthquakes，faults rupture(断裂)at about 2.7 kilometers per secondDuring bigger quake

9、s，however，ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometers per secondAt such high speedsmassive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itselfLucky for San Francisco，these pressure pulses(脉冲)travel away from the city during the 1906

10、eventAs bad as the damage was，it could have been far worseLooking ahead，scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occurRecords show that earthquakes were common before 1906Since then，the earthquake has been relatively quietPatterns in the data，however，suggest that the probabili

11、ty of a major earthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percentNew buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakesStill，more than 84 per-cent of the city's buildings are old and weakAnalyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage

12、People who live there tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet for a whileAccording to the new reseaych，however，it's not a matter of"if the Big One will hit"It's just a matter of when16The San Francisco area is located above several active fault linesARight

13、BWrongCNot mentioned17The 1906 earthquake in San Francisco is the most severe one in American historyARightBWrongCNot mentioned18The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3.5 kilometers per second.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned19Earthquakes rarely happened before 1906ARightBWro

14、ngCNot mentioned20San Francisco is fully prepared for another big earthquakeARightBWrongCNot mentioned21Scientist will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soonARightBWrongCNot mentioned22A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitableARightBWrongCNot mentioned第3部分：概括大意

15、与完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。Natural GasNatural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earth's surfaceIt is a fossil fuel，meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years

16、 ago.The main component of natural gas is methane(甲烷).The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as Dipeline infrastructure(基础设施)has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential，commercial and industrial cust

17、omers worldwideToday，natural gas service is available in all 50 states，and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and indus-triesMore than 65 million American homes use natural gasIn fact，natural gas is the most eco-nomical source for home energy needs，costing one-third as much as e

18、lectricity. In addition to heat-ing homes，much of the gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products，from paint，to fibers for clothing，to plastics for healthcare，computing and fur-nishings Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new elec

19、tricity-generating power plants.Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available It emits less pollution than other fossil fuelsdioxide(二氧化碳)and water vapor-the same substances emitted when humans ex-haleCompared with some other fossil fuels，natural gas emits the least amount of carbon

20、dioxide in-to the air when combusted(燃烧)-making natural gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of allThe industry also is subject to substantial federal regulation in the areas of production and distribution，which help ensure it is provided to consumers safely and cleanlyThe United States consumes abo

21、ut one-third of the world's natural gas output，making it the lar-gest gas consuming region in the worldThe USDepartment of Energy's Energy Information Ad-ministration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025.There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath th

22、e earth's surfaceThe largest reserves of natu-ral gas can be found in Russia，West and North Africa and the Middle EastLNG(液化天然气)has been produced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades.To-day，the leading importers of LNG are Japan，Korea，France and Spain.23Parag

23、raph 2_24Paragraph 3_ 25Paragraph 4_26Paragraph 5_APopularity and use of natural gasBNatural gas reserves and supplyCNatural gas pricesDClean fuel of choiceEDisadvantages of natural gasFNatural gas consumption27Natural gas is stored deep_.28Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy sou

24、rce _.29When manufacturing many products，people commonly use natural gas _.30It is estimated that by 2050 that natural gas demand in the United States will increase_.Aover the past 50 yearsBbeneath the earth surfaceCby more than 50 percentDfor more than four decadesEas a raw material Ffor home energ

25、y needs第4部分：阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇Walking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades?Think againGetting some exercise may help，tooNew research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them p

26、ay attention better than if they didn't exercisePrevious research had shown that mice learn，remember，and pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheelMice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don'tTheir brain cells also make more connec

27、tionsNeuroscientists from the University at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true for peopleFirst，they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults，ages 58 to 77，after each per-son walked 1 mileThen，participants looked at arrows on a computer sczeen and had to use com-puter key

28、s to show which way one particular arrow was pointingAdults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task，and their answers were just as ac- curate as their less-fit peers,the researchers foundThe fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible for paying at

29、tention and making decisionsIn a second study，15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training course were fas-ter at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning exercises for the same amount of time考试大论坛So，even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days forjust 10

30、to 45 minutes can helpThat should be good news for your grandparentsThe effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven't been studied yetStill，it can't hurt to take occasional study breaks and go for a walk or run around with your friendsYou might even do better in schoolWhateve

31、r you do，though，don't try to read and walk at the same timeYou could end up hurting yourseff!31Walking regularly helps elderly people_Alose weightBbecome happierCconcentrate betterDlook younger32After taking exercise for a few weeks，the mice were found to have_Ahigher blood pressureBfaster heart

32、beatCmore blood flow to the brainDbetter appearance33The first study on 41 elderly people found_Athe less-fit participants did arrow tasks fasterBthe fitter participants did arrow tasks fasterCthe less-fit participants gave more accurate answersDthe fitter participants gave more accurate answers34It

33、 can be good for health when one takes a walk every 2 or 3 days for at least_A3 minutesB45 minutesC30 minutesD10 minutes35It is suggested in the last paragraph that people should_Arun around once a weekBnot read and walk at the same timeCgo for a walk every dayDnot hurt their friends while exercisin

34、g第二篇Night of the Living AntsWhen an ant dies，other ants move the dead insect out of the nestThis behavior is interesting to scientists，who wonder how ants know for sure and so soon that another ant is deadDong-Hwan Choe，a scientist at the University of California found that Argentine ants have a che

35、mical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants"I'm deadtake me away"But there's a twist to Choe's discoveryThese ants ave a little bit like zombies(僵尸)Choe says that the living ants，not just the dead ones，have this death chemicalsIn other wordsWhile an ant craw

36、ls around，perhaps in a picnic or home，it's telling other ants that it's deadWhat keeps ants from hauling away the liring dead?Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies，and these tell nearby ants something like，"Wait-I'm not dead yet，"So Choe&#

37、39;s research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants：one says，"I'm dead"the other set says，"I'm not dead yet"Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead If an ant is knocked unconscious，other ants leave it alone until it wakes

38、upThat means ants know that unmoving ants can still be aliveChoe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies，the chemical that says"Wait-I'm not dead yet" quickly goes away.Once that chemical is gone，only the one that says"I'm dead"is left"It's because the dead ant

39、no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard(墓地)，not because its body releases new unique chemicals after death，"said Choe When other ants detect the"dead"chemical without the"not dead yet"chemical，they haul away the body This was choe's hypot

40、hesis(假设)考试大论坛To test his hypothesis，Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae(蛹). When the scientists used the"I'm dead"chemical，other ants quickly hauled tbe treated pupae away. When the scientists used the"Wait-I'm not dead yet"chemicals，other an

41、ts left the treated pupae alone.Choe believes this behavior shows that the"not dead yet"chemicals override(优先于) the"dead"chemical when picked up by adult ants And that when an ant dies，the"not dead yet"chemicals fade awayOther nearby ants then detect the remaining"

42、dead"chemical and remove the body from the nest36What is meant by"death chemical"mentioned in paragraph 3?AA chemical that contains poisonBA chemical that causes deathCA chemical that announces deathDA chemical that prevents death37Which of the following statements is NOT true of ants

43、?AAnts know very soon that another ant is deadBWhen an ant is dead，others move its body out of the nestCIf an ant is unconscious，it is moved out of the nestDLiving ants have the"I'm dead"chemical on their bodies38According to Choe's hypothesis，_.Aan ant still smells like a living w

44、hen it diesBthe"I am dead"chemical leaves the ant's body when it diesCthe"I am not dead yet"chemical is left when an ant diesDthe"I am not dead yet"chemical leaves the ant's body when it dies39According to paragraph 7，what is the result of the test on Choe's

45、 hyothesis?AIt shows that his hypothesis is wrongBIt proves that his hypothesis is convincingCIt suggests that his hypothesis needs revisingDNot enough evidence has been found to support his hypothesis40The passage"Night of the Living Ants"tells us about_.Ahow an ant is moved out of the ne

46、st at nighBwhat an ant does at nightChow an ant finds its way in darknessDwhat happens when an ant dies第三篇The IcemanOn a September day in 1991，two Germans were climbing the mountain between Austria and ItalyHigh up on a mountain pass，they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,

47、499 feet or 3，200 meters)，the ice is usually permanent，but 1991 had been an especially warm yearThe mountain ice had melted more than just usual and so the body had come to the surfaceIt was lying face downwardThe skeleton(骨架)was in perfect condition，except for a wound in the headThere was still ski

48、n on the bones and the remains of some clothesThe hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth bootsNearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(树皮)and a holder for arrowsWho was the man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a diffe

49、rent answer to these questionsSome people thought that it was from this century，perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War Isince several soldiers had already been found in the area A Swiss woman who believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and wh

50、ose body had never been foundThe scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older，maybe even a thousand years old考试大论坛With modern dating techniques，the scientists soon learned that the iceman was about 5，300 years oldBorn in about 3300 BC，he lived during the Bronze Age in

51、 EuropeAt first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidencehowever，tells a different storyA new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulderIt left only a tiny hole in his skin，but it caused internal damage and

52、 bleedingHe almost certainlv died from this wound，and not from the wound on the back of his headThis means that he was probably in some kind of battleIt may have been part of a large war，or he may have been fighting banditsHe may even have been a bandit himselfBy studying his clothes and tools，scien

53、tists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived inwe may never know the full story of how he died，but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times41The body of the iceman was found in the mountains mainly because_Atwo Germans were climbing mo

54、untainsBhe was just on a mountain passCthe melted ice made him visibleDhe was lying on the ice42What can be inferred from paragraph 2?AThe iceman could have died from the wound in the headBThe iceman was struck dead from behindCThe iceman was killed while workingDThe iceman lived a poor life43All th

55、e following are assumptions once made about iceman EXCEPT_Ahe was a soldier in Worid War IBhe came from ItalyChe was a Swiss woman'S long-lost fatherDHe was born about a thousand years ago44The scientists made the deduction that the iceman_Awas hit in the shoulder by an arrowheadBhas a tiny hole

56、 in his skin causing his deathCwas probably in some kind of a battleDhad got a wound on the back of his head45The word"bandits"in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by_ArobbersBshootersCsoldiersDhunters第5部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。SemcoA

57、t 21，Ricardo Semler became boss of his father'S business in Brazil，Semco，which sold parts for shipsSemler Junior worked like a madman，from 7：30 am，until midnight every dayOne afternoon，while touring a factory in New York，he collapsedThe doctor who treated him said，"There's nothing wrong with youBut if you continue like thi