【金识源】（3年高考2年模拟1年原创）最新2013版高考英语专题25新题型七选五阅读理解

1、3年高考2年模拟1年原创专题25 新题型七选五阅读理解（教师版）【考点定位】 2014考纲解读和近几年考点分布目前考察7选5阅读理解的省份有北京，宁夏、海南，辽宁和新课标1地区。2008年宁夏推出了阅读理解新题型,2009年辽宁省也选用了这一题型,"如果希望明确、深刻地理解一篇文章,必须对文章的结构有所了解,把握住全篇的文脉,即句与句.段与段之间的逻辑关系."是普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（宁夏卷)说明中的要求.阅读填空题就很好地体现了这一要求。【考点pk】 名师考点透析根据出题形式的不同,填空类题型可以分为句子填空题,段落摘要,带选项的段落摘要等题型。.传统的分题型讲解的

2、方法倾向于把这些题型拆开,这些题型的出题思路大同小异,一旦掌握了这些题目的共性,做题就会变得易如反掌。1考查内容均为细节每一道填空题的题目基本上都是对原文的一句话或者几句话进行的同义改写,不会出现对多句话或者是整段进行的概括归纳.2所填答案基本唯一虽然这种考试需要考生自己书写答案,但是所有答案均来自于原文,不需要考生用自己的语言对原词进行改写.极个别情况下会出现词序颠倒,但是基本上不需要考生进行词性.时态.单复数等曲折形式的转换.这是由阅读的目的所决定的,只考查考生的阅读能力,而无意检验考生的写作能力.3凸显构成语段的方式一是靠句际间意义的结合,二是靠句际间的关联词,逻辑性插入语来连接,我们在

3、分析语段层次时,可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断,但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系,把握作者的思路,从语序上去发现断续点,理清层次,好文章的层次非矴逦?只有层层入手,才能真正理解文章.通过对高考中“七选五”型阅读理原题以及大量同类试题研究可知，此类试题虽然新颖，但是也有其特有的解题规律，主要注重解题的窍门和方法，成功闯关，选准答案的难度并不大。 根据作者归纳的解题方法和窍门，为帮助同学们记忆和使用，特将此方法归结为“通读全文、详读段落、定位选项、通读复检、确定排除”五步解题法。以下就此方法进行分析，希望此方法能为同学们的解题提供助力。步骤二：详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键

4、词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。步骤三：定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。一篇文章作为

5、一个整体，是有其写作的线索与思路的，在选项定位中，要尤其注意文章的写作线索，文章的写作思路的连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一体。如果带入选项后，发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾，应更换其它选项。步骤四：通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。  【三年高考】 09、10、11 、12、13高考试题及其解析（2013北京）第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。UrbanizationUntil relatively recently, the

6、 vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago 71_ . In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or intiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society

7、 inhistory- a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning. 72_ .The process of urbanization- the migration (迁移) of people from the countryside to the city- was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people

8、 live andwhere they live.In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 73 .Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies. It took about ninety-five p

9、eople on farms to feed five people in cities. _74 . Until modern times, those living incities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Citiessurvived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural populati

10、on produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 75_ . Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed mor

11、e than a hundred non-farmers.A. That kept cities very small. B. The rest live in small towns.C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered. D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.F. Modernization

12、drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.71.E【解析】：此题有两个暗示点。第一个是时间，上句话提到了5500年前有的城市，之后紧接着说200年之后是个简单的顺成的关系。第二个是but的轻微语义转折，but之后是的两句话都是在讲当时人的居住情况，故E为最佳选项。72.D【解析】：此题有一个明确暗示点，为D选项当中的other和上句的Onlythe beginn

13、ing. Other 是明显承上启下的功能，后面的the process of证明了这一点，故选D73.B【解析】：此题有一个明确的暗示点。The rest 和之前的3个数据是明显的并列关系，故答案选B。74.A【解析】：此题A选项中有一个明确暗示点，THAT指代之前所说，故选A75.F【解析】：此题有一个明确暗示点，modernization 是前后文当中past two centuries 和后面today 的明确对应，故选F。2013辽宁根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。ForgivenessTo forgive i

14、s a virtue, but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. People who forgive show less sadness, anger and stress

15、and more hopefulness, according to a recent research._71_ Try the following steps:Calm yourself. _72_ You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.Dont wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does no

16、t intend to apologize. They may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see things the same way. _73_ Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者). Rethinking about you hurt gives power to

17、 the person who causes you pain. Instead of focusing on your mounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you._74_ If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love. You may want to write a letter to yoursel

18、f from your offenders point of view.Dont forget to forgive yourself. _75_ But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you dont do it.A. Why should you forgive?B. How should you start to forgive?C. Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.D. Try to see things from you offenders angle.E. For some peopl

19、e, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.F. To make your anger die away, try a simple stress-management technique.G. If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.2013四川第二节 根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） -James, can I ha

20、ve some black tea? -Sure, 51 -Well, just a little, please. -Two teaspoons? - 52 I have gained some weight these days. (Minutes later. ) -How nice it is! - 53 -Yes, please. Do you mind me smoking here? - 54 I don't want to have secondhand smoke. Would you like some cookies, instead? Eating more a

21、nd smoking less will do you good. - 55 A. Of course!B. Any sugar?C. Okay, thanks.D. Well, go ahead.E. No, one is enough.F How do you want it made?G .Would you like some more?第II卷 （非选择题 共60分）51.B 52.E 53.G 54.A 55.C2013课标II第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能坡入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于选项。Public Speakin

22、g Training·Get a coach 51 ，so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.·Focus on positivesAny training you do to become mor

23、e effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well. 52 , so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do.·

24、53 If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about. 54 . As far as we're concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. You

25、r audience can be your friends.·You are a special person not a cloneMost importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. 55 . Your training course should help you bring out yourpersonality, not try to turn you into someone you're

26、not.A. You aren't like anybody elseB. You already do lots of things wellC. Turn your back on too many rulesD. Check the rules about dos and don'tsE. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is toughF .The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleepG. So trying to force a whole

27、set of rules into it will just make things worse51.【答案】E【解析】根据下一句ready to offer you public speaking training and courses可知，开头说的是与public speaking 有关的问题，故选E。52.【答案】B【解析】根据第一句可知，演讲要集中在自己做过的成功的事情上，故选B。53.【答案】C【解析】本段第一句中提到lots of dos and donts, walk away!可知，如果有的培训讲太多的条条框框的话，最好不要理会这样的培训，故选C。54.【答案】G【解析】根据

28、上一句Your brain is so full of what youre going to be talking about可知，给大脑灌输一套规则会使事情变得更糟糕。故选G。55.【答案】A【解析】根据treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits可知，本段讲的是“与众不同”，故选A。2013课标I第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项。Business is organized approach to providing customer

29、s with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit (利润) that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. _71_Commonly called nonprofits, thes

30、e organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. _72_Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business._73_One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purc

31、hase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting _74_The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision (监管) and guidance by the management in authority._75_A. Control includes the use of records and reports to c

32、ompare actual work with the set standards for work.B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.D. However, some businesses only seek to earn en

33、ough to cover their operating costs.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.【解析】本文是一篇讨论商务和商务管理的说明文。虽然看似有很多专业术语，但是根据我们常说的“指路词”，

34、以及对上下文的推理，其实要做出正确答案并不难，可谓是难度中等。文章第一段描述了business的两个含义：一是提供顾客所要商品和服务的方法；二是提供这些商品和服务的组织。文展第二段则细述了商务管理是用来描述计划、指导以及控制公司运作技巧的术语，并在下文中对这三方面进行了一一阐述。71. D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.【解析】推理题。本题的后一句出现了一个新名词nonprofits（非盈利），而前文的内容是在说大多数企业都在寻求利润，那这里语义的突然变化就提示

35、了我们空格处所填内容应该与seek to make a profit（寻求利益）语义相反，而与nonprofit相同，因为只有这样才能自然的引出下文。纵观选项，只有答案D出现了however，表示语义的转折，所以正确答案为D。72.C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.【解析】推理题。根据文意，前文提到的these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service p

36、roviders中的these organizations实指non profits organizations，所以此处72题的内容应该是对nongovernmental service providers（非政府服务提供商）的进一步解释。纵观选项，只有答案C是在举例子，而且也出现了关键词nonprofit，所以正确答案为C。73.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.【解析】 推理题。这道题的解题方法就是我们说的充分利用“指路词”。下文中出现了One is.，The third relates.，可见本空是个总起

37、句，概括了什么东西包含有三个方面。纵观选项，只有答案G出现了three，且主语planning正好复现了第二段首句出现的techniques of planning，所以正确答案为G。74. E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.【解析】推理题。还是依靠“指路词”，文中出现过了第一和第三，所以本空肯定描述的是第二方面。纵观选项，只有答案E出现了the second，所以答案为E。75. A. Control includes the use of records and

38、reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.【解析】推理题。观察第二段可知，商务管理中涉及的techniques of planning, direction均已经提到，只差最后一个control（控制）还未提及，所以本空一定和control有关。纵观选项，只有答案A出现了关键词control，所以答案为A。2013陕西根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两个为多余选项。Lucy: Hi, Kate. What are you doing to

39、nigh?Kate: 1 Any suggestions?Lucy: 2 Im planning it for days.Kate: A 3D film? What stars?Lucy: Suraj Sharma, a handsome young actor.Kate: Oh! 3 Lucy: An Idian boys unusual experience with a tiger at sea.Kate: 4 What time is it on?Lucy: Half past six. 5 Kate: Sure. When and where shall we meet?Lucy:

40、Lets meet around six at the gate of Oscar Cinema.Kate: Great. See you then.A. Not decided yet. B. What is it about?C. Wow, sounds cool. D. Could you pick me up?E. Do you want to join me? F. What about going to a concert?G. How about seeing the 3D film Life of Pie?1 【答案与解析】F。根据后文中的could you repair it

41、, please?可以推断出此情景是在一家修理店，故此处选F。2 【答案与解析】D。由上下文可知本句是问机子的问题所在，故选D。3 【答案与解析】C。根据后文可知此处意思是：我们先看看机子，选C。4 【答案与解析】G。由后一句可知此处谈论修理的时间，故选G。5 【答案与解析】A。根据前一句可知此处是对征求意见的应答，选A。2013浙江第二节 下面文章中有5处（第6165题）需要添加小标题，请从以下选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑,选项中一项为多余选项.A.Slow Down Your LifeB.Escape Now and ThenC.Separate Your Act

42、ionsD.Allow Yourself to Be WeakE.Relieve Pressure by Firmly Saying " No"F.Stop Expecting Everything to Be PerfectHow to Simplify Your LifeLess is more. This is why we say: reduce things by half instead of doubling them, get rid of junk instead of piling it up, relax instead of stressing, s

43、low down instead of speeding up. Apply these principles in your everyday life in a conscious way. You will then find yourself well along on your journey to simplification.61.When you concentrate on one task, you find you have energy that you didn't even know you had. Just imagine: you arc at a f

44、air and you have to carry two heavy pigs over 100 yards. If you keep grabbing one and then the other, it will take forever, because one of them will keep slipping out from under your arm and running off. But if you tie one pig in a place, pick up the other, gather all your strength and make a dash f

45、or the finish line, pause for a moment, run bock and get the other one, and with great determination, carry the second pig to the finish line, then you can be sure of succcss.62. _The pressure at work is on the increase in all occupations. In the modem nuclear family, the expectations that formerly

46、would have been shared among all the relatives are now concentrated on the individual partner.If you have the feeling that 24 hours per day are not enough for nil the things you need to do, then its not because the day has too few hours, but because you have too many activities. A simple fact that o

47、verloaded people often tend to forget. The solution is equally simple; refuse to accept so many work assignments in your private life or your working life.63.“I can handle stress” is regarded as a positive statement in the world of work. People who can handle stress are given more and more to cope w

48、ith until one day they break.Pay careful attention to the signs that tell you that you arc under more stress than you can cope with. These signals came from various areas of life. You become ill, or your work efficiency decreases.If you have any of these symptoms, change your life goals and decrease

49、 your tolerance of stress. Say quite openly, "I can't manage that. "64."If only I were slimmer, more beautiful, richer, more clever, then I would be happier. " This is a dream that makes a lot of people ill, depressed, and unhappy. Life has its flaws, defects, comets, and edg

50、es. Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life.Of course there are activities in which errors are dangerous; driving a car, crossing the road. But life doesn't consist entirely of these things. In among them there is a lot of room for small and large mistakes.65. Successful p

51、eople ail have their own places where they can withdraw in order to work. Find out which places improve your creativity. For me it's the train. When I know that I'm going to be traveling for four hours without phone calls and people knocking on my door, I find my mind is free and I can read

52、or write complex articles. There can be problems working on the train, of course: if the person sitting opposite you keeps talking away, or if train trips make you tired (some people fall asleep after a few miles).(6165 BFECA)2012高考英语试题 2012·辽宁卷 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to M

53、ake FriendsFriendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves self­worth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed ou

54、r jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend. _71_ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.1. Associate with others.The first step to making friends is associating with other people. You c

55、an go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places. 2. Start a conversation.Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. _72_ You can always start the conversation. Being able to mak

56、e small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.3. _73_Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.4. Let it grow.It is a good thing t

57、o stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. _74_ The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.5. Enjoy your friendship.The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. _75_ Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you. A. Be cheerful. B. Do thing