2010~2018年四川成都市中考英语真题专题汇编及详细答案：阅读理解

1、阅读理解一填空题（共1 小题）1 （ 2017?成都）阅读下面短文，根据其内容，补全表格中所缺信息请将答案按编号依次填入表格内题号后横线上Oct.16 is World Food Day The UN started the day in 1979 It's used to remind people not to waste food and fight hunger A big number of people in the world still don't have enough food to eat Food shortage（ 匮乏）is a big proble

2、m worldwide Right now， there are more than 1， 000 million hungry people in the world according to the UN Many children go to sleep hungry ， and 15 million of them die of hunger each yearThere are several reasons why there are food shortages First， there have been more droughts （干旱）and floods recentl

3、y Also ， a growing population makes feeding everyone moredifficult Another big reason is food waste Most people don't realize how much food they throw away every day Sometimes we cook too much ， or we don't use it before it goes bad The average （平均的）person throws away 50 kg of food every yea

4、r According to the UN ， more than onethird of all food produced worldwide goes to waste each year That is over1 ， 300， 000 million kilograms of food being wasted The amount of food wasted in Europe can feed 200 million people ， and the food wasted in Latin America can feed 300 million a year So thin

5、k twice next time you want to throw away food By cutting down on food waste ， we could help put food on the empty plates of some hungry children Only order as much food as you can eat in a restaurant If you can't eat all you order ， take the rest home Don't be too picky about food so that yo

6、u don't leave any on your plate Some food may not taste great， but your body needs it Keep an eye on what food you have at home Don't buy too much Don't cook too muchWhen you throw away food ， you are not just wasting the food itself Resource（s 资源） are also wasted while growing ， transpo

7、rting and cooking the food These things all take energy， timeand water第 1 页（共 23 页）Title : (1) Introduction on World Food DayThe UN's_ purpose to start this dayTo remind people not to waste food and fight hungerFacts of foodshortage Over 1, 000 million people are hungry each year . 15 million ch

8、ildren die of hunger each year .Reasons forfood shortage more droughts and floods now a growing population foodwasteworldwide(3)theamount of iteach yearThe average person throws away 50 kg of food.XOver1, 300, 000, 000, 000 kg of food is wasted.The food wasted in Europe can feed 200 , 000, 000 peopl

9、e, and the food wasted in LatinAmerica can feed 300 , 000, 000 people.Ways to stop food waste Only order as much as you can eat at a restaurant. Take the rest of food home if you can't eat all you've ordered . Don't be too picky about food . Be sure not to (4) keep or cook more food at h

10、ome than you need .(5)_ wasted resources energy.time waterincluded【解答】1.答案：Introduction .阅读填空题.根据第一句Oct.16 is World Food Day . TheUN started the day in 1979 . It's used to remind people not to waste food and fight hunger . 联第2页(共23页)合国于 1979 年将十月十六日定为世界粮食日，这是用来提醒人们不要浪费食物和饥饿作斗争可知，标题应该是"世界粮食日

11、介绍"，填名词Introduction 介绍2 答案：purpose 阅读填空题根据第一句Oct.16 is World Food Day The UN started theday in 1979 It's used to remind people not to waste food and fight hunger 联合国于1979 年将十月十六日定为世界粮食日，这是用来提醒人们不要浪费食物和饥饿作斗争可知，这里介绍的是联合国成立这个节日的"目的",填名词purpose目的.3 .答案：the amount.阅读填空题.根据第四段第二行 The av

12、erage person throws away 50 kg of food 平均每日扔掉50 千克食物及第五段Over 1 ， 300， 000， 000， 000 kg of foodis wasted 超过 1300 亿食物被浪费可知， 表达的是每年食物浪费的"数量" 填 the amount数量4 .答案：keep or cook.阅读填空题.根据倒数第二行最后一句Keep an eye on what foodyou have at home Don't buy too much Don't cook too much 注意你家里的食物，不要买太多

13、，不要煮得太多可知，应该是"保存或煮"太多食物，填keep or cook5 答案：wasted resources 阅读填空题根据最后一段When you throw away food ， you arenot just wasting the food itself . Resources（资源）are also wasted while growing , transporting and cooking the food . These things all take energy, time and water.当你扔掉食物时，你不 仅浪费了食物本身，而且在食物

14、的生长、运输和烹饪过程中也浪费了资源，这些都消耗了能量、时间和水分可知，介绍的是浪费的资源，填wasted resources二阅读理解（共7 小题）2（ 2018?成都）Today almost everyone has a smart phone So street phone booths are out of dateand seem to be uselessBut cities like Shanghai are trying to bring the old phone booths tolife Shanghai will make changes to 263 phone b

15、ooths in Xuhui District The Library Booth is one of the six new kinds of booths ， offering 60 booths for people to borrow and readAnother kind allows users to listen to audiobooks （ 有声书） and even record their ownvoicesShanghai is not the only city trying to save the old phone booths London cares abo

16、ut them even more， because the red booths have long been a special scene in London since the 1930s when they were painted all red In recent years London has come up with many ideasto help phone booths stay useful The UK company British Telecom has added screens and 第 3 页（共 23 页）free WiFi to some boo

17、ths . Users can use them to surf online and search for maps and weather reports. The company also allows people to rent (租)some booths to change them as they want to . Since 2009, more than 1, 500 phone booths have been turned into flower shops , mini cafes, art museums and even shower rooms.In New

18、York City , three phone booths in Time Square are turned into places for immigrant (移民) voices. When visitors pick up the phone , they can listen to oral (口 述) histories of immigration from the newest New Yorkers . They can also open the books inside the booth to know more about the storytellers . O

19、r they can share a part of their own stories if they wish .Brazil made phone booths works of art. Sao Paulo paired 100 artists with 100 phone booths. Some artists painted on the booths, others made them sculptures- one was shaped like a brain and another wore a pair of shoes .Phone booths are findin

20、g creative ways to live on . Will they succeed ? Only time willtell.Condition of old phone booths :Seem uselessReason for being out of date :(2)use of smart phones卜I IIP L mT 11 g ffl HI IIIIa (1) new life of street phone boothsnew uses in Shanghaisix new kindsof booths60 library booths : Users can

21、borrow&readbooks.Audio booths : Users can listen toaudiobooks&record their own voices .various uses in LondonLondon tried(3) harderUsers can search for maps and weather reportsonline& use(4) free WiFi in the booths .thanShanghai to keep the old phone booths(3) useful because the red boot

22、hsare a special scene in thecityPeople renting the booths can turn them into flower shops mini cafes, art museums and so on.special use in NYThree phone booths in Time SquareVisitors can :? listen to oral histories of immigration& readbooks about these immigrants? share their own storiesNew look

23、 in Brazil(5) Each of the 100artistschanged the appearance of one phone boothSome artists painted on the boothsOthers made the booths sculptures.第10页（共23页）【解答】1. new life ; 考查名词，根据语境"But cities like Shanghai are trying to bring theold phone booths to life .但像上海这样的城市正试图将旧电话亭带入生活.故文章说的是street pho

24、ne booths的新生活.”故答案是 new life .2. use; 细节理解题； 根据语境"Today almost everyone has a smart phone booths are out ofdate and seem to be useless.今天几乎每个人都有一部智能手机，电话摊位过时了，并且 似乎毫无用处.可知人们使用智能机.可得出答案是use.3. harder;考查形容词，根据语境 "London cares about them even more ,伦敦更关心他们，可以理解为伦敦尝试的更加努力，"故答案是harder.4. u

25、seful; 考查名词， 根据语境 "In recent years London has up with many ideas to help phone booths stay useful.近年来，伦敦有很多想法来帮助电话亭保持有用."故答案是useful.5. free WiFi; 考查名词，根据语境 "The UK company British Telecom has added screens and free WiFi to some booths 英国电信公司在一些展厅增加了屏幕和免费WiFi ."故答案是 free WiFi .6.

26、Each of; 考查代词，根据语境 "Sao Paulo paired 100artists with 100phone booths 圣保 罗100名艺术家配100个电话亭，可知每一个都"故答案是each of.3. （2016?成者B） Humans have five senses： sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch. They collect information for the brain . For example , the eyes collect information on pictures and the

27、 ears collect information on sounds .Sometimes a person loses a sense. Their other senses become better. For example , a blind person has much better senses of hearing and touch.SightThe eyes can only see with light. Light carries the picture of something into the eyes so humans can see it. But do y

28、ou know that the picture is upside down ? The brain has to turn the picture the right way up again .HearingSounds travel through the air like waves （波）.Human ears are like cups. They catch sound waves for the brain and the brain translates them as different sounds .SmellHumans smell with their noses

29、 . Most people can recognize about 10, 000 kinds of smell . This is amazing!Humans each have five million receptor cells （感受名田胞）in their noses . Noses are not only for smelling . They also clean and warm the ail that people breathe in . How does the nose prevent the dirty air from getting into the b

30、ody ? Well, it sneezes （打喷嚏）!TouchThere are receptor cells for the sense of touch all over the body . This is different from the other senses Touch receptor cells are in the lowest part of the skin . They help the body to have all kinds of feelings like pain , cold and heat. Some parts of the body （

31、like the finger） are more sensitive（敏感的）than other parts of the body （like the back） because they have more touch receptor cells.TastePeople can taste food because they have about 10, 000 taste buds(味蕾)on their tongues. Old taste buds die and new ones come out every two weeks. But when people get ol

32、der, this happens less often. That's why old people often complain their food is tasteless . Scientists also find that smokers have fewer taste buds . Do you want food to taste good ? Well, don't smoke! For hundreds of years, people knew the basic tastes were sour, sweet, salty and bitter (苦

33、).In 2002, a fifth taste, umami (delicious taste) joined the list. Now, a study from Purdue University in the US found that fat could actually be the sixth basic taste .To be considered a basic one, a taste needs to beable to active certain receptor cells in the mouths. A study has shown that humans

34、 have fat receptors in the mouths . Not long after that , a scientist made a study to test a second question : can people taste the difference between fat and other tastes?Richard Mattes gave the testers six different kinds of things . Each kind had a taste： sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami or the

35、newcomer fat. Mattes asked the people to pick out tastes by their differences. This was to test whether or not fat would be picked out from the group . Most of tlie testers could clearly find out the different taste of fatThen how does fat taste ? "It's terrible . "Mattes said . "

36、However , the taste can be pleasant in asmall amount, just as we enjoy the bitterness of chocolate ."senses(111)parts of thebody/collectors/organsfacts about the sensessighteyesPictures of real things are completely different in (112) brain fromthose carried by light into the eyes .hearingearsS

37、ound waves caught by ears must go through a process like (113) _translating so that we can hear different sounds.smellnoseThe fhnctions of nose are smelling , cleaning and warming the air people breathe in. Sneezing is the way to (114) take out the dirty air we breathe in .touch(115)People feel pain

38、 , cold and heat (116)because of the fnction of theskinreceptors. So the more touch receptors we have, the more sensitive we are.tastetongueOld taste buds die and new ones come out every 2 weeks.Losing a certain amount of taste buds (117) causes that the old and the smokers have a bad sense of taste

39、 They can't enjoy tasty food like others.(118)basicsour sweet salty bitter umamitastesone newlyfound tasteA scientific study has proved people have fat receptorsin the mouth . One (119) morestudy shows: people can clearly (120) tellthe taste of fat from other tastes .【解答】111. parts of the body/c

40、ollectors/organs .考查总称.根据表格中 eyes, ears, nose, tongue 者B是身体的部分，所以填 parts of the body/collectors/organs .112. brain .考查名词. 根据原文 Sight 部分的 Light carries the picture of something into the eyes so humans can see it But do you know that the picture is upside down ? The brain has to turn the picture the r

41、ight way up again .可知由光形成的影像和人脑中的影像是不同的.故 填 brain.113. translating .考查动词.根据原文 Hearing 部分的"They catch sound waves for the brain and the brain translates them as different sounds ."可知它们抓住声波并对大脑将它们转化为 不同的声音.故填 translating .114. take out.考查动词短语.根据原文 Smell 部分的 How does the nose prevent the dirt

42、y air from getting into the body ? Well, it sneezes (打喷嚏)！可知打喷嚏可以清除吸入的不干 净的空气.故填 take out.115. skin .考查名词.根据 Touch 部分的 Touch receptor cells are in the lowest part of the skin. They help the body to have all kinds of feelings like pain , cold and heat., 可知触摸感受器细胞在皮肤的最低点，它们帮助身体有各种各样的感觉，像疼痛、寒冷和热故填skin1

43、16. because of.考查介词短语.根据 Touch receptor cells are in the lowest part of the skin. They help the body to have all kinds of feelings like pain , cold and heat. 可知触摸感 受器细胞在皮肤的最低点，因为它们帮助身体有各种各样的感觉，像疼痛、 寒冷和热前后两句为因果关系，because of为介词短语，后面接名词或者代词.故填because of.117. causes.考查动词.根据原文 Old taste buds die and new

44、ones come out every two weeks But when people get older， this happens less often That's why old people often complain their food is tasteless 说明味蕾的减少会导致老人尝不出味道故填cuases118. basic tastes 考查名词根据文章倒数第四段的For hundreds of years， people knew thebasic tastes were sour， sweet， salty and bitter （苦） 可知，酸甜苦辣

45、是基本的味道故填basic tastes119. more 考查副词根据倒数第三段的A study has shown that humans have fat receptorsin the mouths Not long after that ， a scientist made a study to test a second question： can people taste the difference between fat and other tastes ？推断出另一个更多的研究证明人们可以区 分出脂肪故填more120. tell.考查动词.根据原文倒数第二段的This w

46、as to test whether or not fat would bepicked out from the group Most of the testers could clearly find out the different taste of fat.得知这是为了测试是否将挑出脂肪，大部分的测试人员可以清楚地找出不同味道的 脂肪，应填tell4 （ 2015?成都）阅读下面短文，根据其内容，补全表格中所缺信息请将答案按编号依次填入表格内的题号后横线上Have you ever noticed that you seem to learn faster in certain cl

47、asses but slowly in others ？ Maybe you think it's because of the different difficulties of subjects ， but the real reason is that our learning types are different Now， you may wonder what a learning type is and how to find yours There are mainly three different learning types ： Visual ， Auditory

48、 and Kinesthetic You can be a combination （混合）of learning types ， but most people have one main type Visuallearners learn best by seeing If you seem to easily remember information from pictures ， charts and videos， you are likely a visual learner Auditory learners learn best by hearing If you seem 第

49、 10 页（共 23 页）to remember things by hearing them , then you are likely an auditory learner .Kinesthetic learners learn best by doing . If you seem to learn best by working with your hands or testing out what you are shown , you are likely a kinesthetic learner .So now that you know your personal lear

50、ning style , the trick is to find out how to use your new found knowledge to help you in your classes .Tips for Visual Learners*Pay attention!For visual learners , this is very important!If your teacher uses a PowerPoint , watch the pictures carefully and find out what they might include and their h

51、idden meanings .*Take notes by drawing charts and connecting ideas instead of just copyingdown a list. This way , your brain will easily connect the different concepts （概念）.You can even draw pictures if you find that works better for you .*Mark your notes or your note cards in different colors . Thi

52、s will help yourbrain in keeping all of the information separate . Different colors show different types ofinformation or importance .*Download the PowerPoint if your teacher puts it on QQ . This way , you can review them before an exam .Tips for Auditory Learners*Again , pay attention!If you aren&#

53、39;t listening while the lecture is happening , then as an auditory learner, you're missing the easiest way for you to learn .*If your teacher allows you to record the lecture , record it for futurelistening .*If you find that talking notes stops you from listening , ask a friend if you can borr

54、ow his or her notes or write down everything you remember right after the lesson .Tips for Kinesthetic Learners*Again , pay attention!If you aren't listening while the lecture is happening , then as an auditory learner, you're missing the easiest way for you to learn .*If your teacher allows

55、 you to record the lecture , record it for futurelistening .*If you find that talking notes stops you from listening , ask a friend if you can borrow his or her notes or write down everything you remember right after the lesson .*The first point is paying attention once again!For kinesthetic learner

56、s , it's especially important to take notes either by writing or typing , in order to actively get information as you receive it .*Make use of laboratories and other class activities . Focus on what you'relearning from the experience and pay close attention to the process that you go through

57、 .*Visualize!That is to imagine yourself picking up information and putting itin to a category (类另U) . This may sound silly , but in this way you're"doing"somethingwithout actually physically doing it .*Rewrite notes and reread information . Try to translate the information intoexample

58、s. This can help kinesthetic learners remember what they need to know .The writer's writing purpose : (1)To tell the readers to know their personal learning stylesand how to use the knowledge to help in their classes(2) learningtypes(3)waysadviceVisuallearn best by seeingIn class： If your teacher uses a PowerPoint, watch the pictures carefully and try to (4) understand them completely . Draw charts or pictures on