全国卷英语高考卷含答案

1、2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时， 先将答案标在试卷上。 录音内容结束后， 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题：每小题分，满分分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题屮所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项屮选 出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后， 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话 仅谈一遍。例： How much is the shirt?A. . B. . C. .答案是 C。1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV pr

2、ogram.B. Give a talk.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She s generous.B. She s curious.3. When does the train leave?C. Write a report.C. She s helpful.A. At 6:30.B. At8:30.C. At 10:30.4. Howdocsthewomango toA. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.第二节（共 15 小题：每小题分，满分分）C. Doctor and patient.听下面 5 段对话

3、或独内。 每段对话或独 A 后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、 7 题。6. What does the woman regret?A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college.7. What is the woman interested in studying now?A. Ecology.B. Education.听第 7 段材料，回答第

4、8、9 题。is the man?hotel manager.B. A tour guide. 52is the man doing for the woman?A. Looking for some local foods.B.Showing her around the seaside.C. Offering information about a hotel. 听第 8 段材料，冋答第 10 至 12 题。10. Where docs the conversation probably take place?A. In an office.B. At home.C. Changing h

5、er major.C. Chemistry.C. A taxi driver.C. At a restaurant.11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A. Go to a concert.B. Visit a friend.12. Who is Alice going to call?.B. Joan.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。does the woman meet the man?A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture.14. What d

6、oes the woman like about the carpet?A. Its color. B. Its design.15. What does the man say about the kitchen?A. It s a good size.B. It s newly painted.16. What will the woman probably do next?downtown.B. Talk with her friend.听第 10 段材料，回答第丨 7 至 20 题。17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?A. Movie

7、fans. B. News reporters.18. When did the speaker take English classes?A. Before he left his hometown.B. After he came to America.C. When he was 15 years old.19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A. He s proud.B. He s sympathetic.C. He s grateful.20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?

8、A. How education shaped his life.B. How his language skills improved.C. How he managed his business well. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅淡下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 叫个选项中，选出最佳选项。Washington, . Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, .Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike t

9、our is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers ofWashington, . Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availability - and the cherry blossoms - disappear!Washington Capital Monum

10、ents Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours （4 miles）Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monuments andmemorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike,helmet, cookies and bottled w

11、ater. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, .Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for . newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, .in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories aboutPr

12、esidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route （ 路线） make cycling betweenthe sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours （7 miles）C. Work extra hours.C. Catherine.C. To have a meal together.quality.s adequately equipped.

13、payment.C. College students.Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, . Get up close to the monumentsand memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as yourguide offers unique facts and h

14、istory. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflectivevests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, .B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, .D. Wa

15、shington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps. B. Cameras. C. Mea

16、ls. D. Safety lights.BGood Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up astorm in her latest role - showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each

17、 week and with the help of chefMatt Tcbbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste,while preparing recipes for under 5per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shealotsobf ewehnaat ble to putshes learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn,

18、13, and Jack, 11.“ We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaura nt. ” she expla ins. 5 “riapagrti on （ 份）,ut Matt makes them for 26p a porti on, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybodycan buy takeaway food, but sometimes we re not aware h

19、ow cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-part series （ 系列节目 ） Save Money: Good Food , follows in the footsteps of iTVs Save Money: GoodHealth, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expens

20、e, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each we ek. intonight s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need ofsome delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family losng weekend of celebration with less expensivebut still tasty recipes.24. What do we know

21、about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests. B. She has started a new programme.C. She dislikes working early in the morning. D. She has had a tight budget for her family.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susa nna?A. He buys cook ing materials for her.B. He prepares food for her kids.C. He

22、 assists her in cook ing matters.D. He in vites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Provide some advice for the readers.C. Add some backgro und in formati on.D. In troduce a new topic for discussi on.27. What can be a su

23、itable title for the text?Fit by Eati ng SmartB. Bala ncing Our Daily DietYourself a Perfect ChefD. Cooki ng Well for LessCLan guages have bee n coming and going for thousa nds of years, but in recent times there has bee n less coming anda lot more going. When the world was still populated by Hun te

24、r-gatherers, small, tightly kn it ( 联系)groups developed theirown patter ns of speech in depe ndent of each other. Some Ian guage experts believe that 10,000 years ago, whe n theworld had just five to ten milli on people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 Ian guages betwee n them.Soon afterwards, many of tho

25、se people started settling down to become farmers, and their Ianguages too becamemore settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and thespread of universal compulsory educati on, especially globalisatio n and better com muni cati o

26、ns in the past few decades,all have caused many Ianguages to disappear, and dominant Ianguages such as English, Spanish and Chin ese arc in creasin gly tak ing over.At present, the world has about 6,800 Ianguages. The distribution of these Ianguages is hugely uneven. The gen eralrule is that mild zo

27、nes have relatively few Ian guages, often spoke n by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, oftenspoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Ianguages; the Americas about ; Africa 2,400; and Asia and thePacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Gui nea alone acco unts for well over 800

28、. The media n nu mber (中位数)ofspeakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world s Ianguages are spoken by fewer peoplethan that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 Ianguages are close to extinction ( 消亡), with only a few elderly speakersleft. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight

29、remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in theUnited States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chanceof survival.28. What can we infer about Ian guages in hun ter-gatherer times?30. How many Ian guages are spoke

30、n by less tha n 6,000 people atprese nt?6,800. B. About 3,400.C. About 2,400.D. About 1,200.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. New Ianguages will be created.B. People s lifestyles are reflected in Ianguages.C. Huma n developme nt results in fewer Ian guages.D. Geography determ ines Ian guage e

31、volutio n.DA. They developed very fast.C. They had similar patter ns.29. Which of the following b est explainsA. Complex.B. Adva need.B. They were large in number.D.They were closely conn ected.dominant ” underlined in paragraph 2?C. Powerful.D. Modem.We may think we rea culture that gets rid of our

32、 worn tech no logy at the first sight of something shiny and new, but anew study shows that we keep using our old devices （ 装置）well after they go out of style. That bad news for theenvironment - and our wallets - as these outdated devices con sume much more en ergy tha n the n ewer ones that do thes

33、ame thin gs.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester In stitute ofTech no logy in New York tracked the environmen tal costs for each product throughout its life - from whe n its min erals aremined to whe n we stop using the device. This

34、 method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since theearly 1990s. Devices were grouped by gen erati on. Desktop computers, basic mobile phon es, and box-set TVs defined1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs en tered homes in

35、2002,before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we did nt throw out our old on es. “ The living- room television isreplaced and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day, youhave a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average

36、 nu mber of electro nicdevices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. WW renot just keeping these old devices - we continue to usethem. According to the analysis of Babbitt team, old desktop mon itors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worstdevices with their en ergy con sumpti

37、on and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放） more than doubling duringthe 1992 to 2007 win dow.So what s the solutioU决方案 ）? The team s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored whatwould happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more tha n o

38、ne fun cti on, such as a tabletfor word process ing and TV view ing. They found that more on-dema nd en terta inment viewi ng on tablets in stead of TVsand desktop computers could cut en ergy con sumpti on by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?are environmen t-frie ndly.B. They are no

39、 better tha n the old.cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt s team con duct the research?A. To reduce the cost of min erals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update con sumers on new tech no logy.find out electricity con sumpti on of the devices.34.

40、Which of the following uses the least energy?box-set TV.B. The tablet.LCD TV . D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electr onic devices?using them. B. Take them apart. them. D. Recycle them.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项。Color is fun

41、 dame ntal in home desig n - someth ing you ll always have in every room. A grasp of how toman age color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creat ing rooms youin. Do you want a room that s full of life? Professi on al? Or are you losk ing for a place torelax after a long day? 36, color is t

42、he key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have bee n a nu mber of differe nt tech niq ues to help desig ners approach this importantpoint. 37_， they can get a little complex. But good news is that there three kinds of decisi onsyou n eed to make about color in yo

43、ur home: the small on es, the medium on es, and the large on es.38_ . They re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us选项中有两项为多余ll love to lre really onlyuse to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buyi

44、ng a colorful sofa,small color choices bring with them the sig ni fica nt ben efit of being easily cha ngeable.Medium color choices are gen erally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 39. Theyrequire a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a morepowerful effect

45、on the feeli ng of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you re looking at wallpaperor paint, the time, effort and relative expe nse put into it are significant. 40.A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever you re looking forC. If you re ex

46、perimenting with a colorD. Small color choices arc the ones we re most familiar withE. It s not really a good idea to use too many smallor piecesF. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways

47、第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节（共 20 小题：每小题丨.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a“ free ” course,called Thinking Cbiettsree credits. I 41_the idea of taking the classbecause, after all,

48、 who does n wtant to 42 a few dollars? More tha n that, I allways wan ted to learn chess. And, even if Iwere n 43 eno ughatbout free credits, n ews about our 44_was appeali ng eno ugh to me. He was an intern ati onal grandmaster, which 45J would be lear ning from one of the games 46 . I could hardly

49、 wait to 47_him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48_was no game for him; he meantbus in ess. In his in troduct ion, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class, among othercriteria, we had to write a paper on how we p

50、lan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professi ons and, 52. to ourlives. I man aged to get an A in that _53 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54.Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I mtill putting to use what he 55 me: “ The absolute most importa nt

51、56that you lear n whe n you play chess is how to make good 5 乙 On every single move you have to 58_a situation, processwhat your opponent （ 对手）is doing and 59_the best move from among all your optio ns. ” These words still ring truetod60 Onsmyour nalist.41. A. put forwardB. jumped atC. iritxl ouiD.

52、turned down42. A. wasuB. ciimC. savxr（X py43. A- exciiodB. wonicilC.D. tired44. A. titleil. corwpetilorC, textbookD. injitmetor4?,A urgedH, demandedC, heldX RKfint46. A. fastestB. easiestC. bestD. rarest47. A. i nterview48. A. chanceB. meetB. qualificati onC. challe ngeD. beat49. A. realB. perfectC.

53、 clearD. possible50. A. atte ndB. passC. skipD. observe51. A. addC. applyD. compare52. A. even tuallyB. n aturallyC. directlyD. n ormally53. A. gameB. prese ntati onC. courseD. experiment54. A. criteri onB. classroomC. departme ntD. situati on55. A. taughtB. wroteC. questi onedD. promised56. A. fact

54、B. stepC. mannerD. skill57. A. gradesB. decisi onsC. impressi onsD. comme nts58. A. an alyzeB. describeC. rebuildD. con trol59. A. announceB. sig nalC. blockD. evaluate60. A. roleB. desireC. concernD. behavior二节（共丨 0 小题；每小题分，满分15 分阅谈下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Accord ing to a review of evide nee

55、in a medical journ al, runners live three years 61_(Io ng) tha n non-runn ers. You don have to run fast or for long 62_(see) the ben efit. Youmay drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 dying (die) early by running.While running regularly canmake yo u live forever, the review says it 64 (be) moreeffective at lengthening life 65_ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of thereview also made a study published in 2014 66_ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day ofrunning reduced the risk of heart