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1、初中英语单词分类记忆二分类记忆法名词(1)星期(week)Monday (星期一) Tuesday (星期二)Wednesday (星期三) Thursday (星期四) Friday (星期五) Saturday (星期六) Sunday (星期天) (2)月份(month)January (一月) February (二月) March (三月) April (四月) May (五月) June (六月)July(七月)August (八 月)September (九 月)October (十月) November (十一月) December (十二月) (3)季节(season)spr

2、ing (春节) summer (夏天) autumn (秋天) winter (冬天) (4)时间(time)second (秒) minute (分) hour (小时) day (天) night (夜) week (星期) month (月份) year (年) century (世纪)(7)方位(direction) east (东) south (南) west (西) north (北)left (左) right (右) (8)交通工具(transport) bike / bicycle (自行车) bus (公共汽车) car (小汽车) jeep (吉普车) train (

3、火车) ship (轮船) plane (飞机) (9)饮食(meal)breakfast (早餐) lunch (午餐) supper (晚餐) dinner (正餐、晚餐) snack (快餐) picnic (野餐)(10)米面及肉类食品 rice (米、米饭) porridge (粥) dumpling (饺子) noodle【常用复数】(面条) meat (肉) beef (牛肉) mutton (羊肉) chicken (鸡肉) egg (鸡蛋)(11)水果(fruit)Apple (苹果) banana (香蕉) pear (梨子) orange (橙子) strawberry

4、(草莓) (12)蔬菜(vegetable) tomato (西红柿) potato (马铃薯) carrot (胡萝卜) cabbage (洋白菜、卷心菜) onion (洋葱)(18)衣着 clothes (衣服) hat (帽子) shirt (衬衫) T-shirt (男衬衫) coat (外套、上衣) raincoat (雨衣) uniform (制服) skirt (裙子) dress (裙子、衣服) trousers (裤子) pants (裤子) jeans (牛仔裤) shorts (短裤) sock (袜子) shoe (鞋子)(19)科目(subject) Chinese

5、 (汉语) math (数学) English (英语) history (历史) geography (地理) biology (生物) physics (物理) chemistry (化学) P.E.(体育)(20)身体部位(body) head (头) hair (头发) neck (脖子) eye (眼睛) nose (鼻子) mouth (嘴巴) tooth (牙齿) ear (耳朵) face (脸) arm (手臂) hand (手) finger (手指) heart (心) back (背部) knee (膝盖) leg (腿) foot (脚)(13)零食(snack) c

6、hocolate (巧克力) hamburger (汉堡包) cake (蛋糕)bread(面包)mooncake (月饼)ice cream (冰淇淋)cheese(奶酪)salad (沙拉)dessert (甜食)candy (糖果)biscuit (饼十)pie (馅饼)cheese(十酪;奶酪)(14)饮料(drink)juice (果汁) milk (牛奶) tea (茶) green tea (绿茶) coffee (咖啡)(15)调料(relish ) butter (黄油) sauce (酱油) sugar (糖)salt(盐)(16)学习用品pen (钢笔)pencil (铅

7、笔)eraser (橡皮擦) ruler (直尺) knife (小刀)(17)颜色(color) red 红 色(的)yellow黄 色(的)blue蓝色(的)green绿色 (的)black黑色(的)white白色(的)orange橙黄色(的)brown棕色(的)褐色(的)pink粉红色(的) purple紫色(的)gray灰色(的)(21)亲属father (父亲)mother (妈妈)parents (父母)grandfather / grandpa (爷爷、外公) grandmother / grandma (奶奶、外婆) grandparents (爷爷奶奶、外公外婆) broth

8、er (哥、弟)sister (姐、妹)cousin堂(表)兄弟、姐 妹husband (丈夫)妻子(wife )son (儿子)daughter (女儿)uncle (叔、伯、舅、姨夫、姑父) aunt (姨母、姑母、婶母、舅母)(22)动物(animal)lion (狮子)tiger (老虎)elephant (大象)camel (骆驼)cow (奶牛)pig (猪)fox (狐狸)snake (蛇)duck (鸭子)chicken (鸡)hen (母鸡)bird (小鸟)rabbit (兔子)panda (熊猫)deer (鹿)giraffe (长颈鹿)sheep (羊)fish (鱼)

9、ant (蚂蚁)mouse (mice) / rat (老鼠)dog (狗)cat (猫)monkey (猴子)pig (猪)(23)职业teacher (老师) doctor (医生)nurse (护士) policeman (男警察) policewoman (女警察) reporter (t己者) shop assistant (店员) bank clerk (银行职员) waiter (服务员) scientist (科学家) student (学生) farmer (农民) fisherman (渔夫) cook (厨师) barber (理发师) (24)公共场所shop / st

10、ore (商店) bank (银行) hospital (医院) police station (警察局) TV station (电视站) stop (车站) cinema (电影院) theater (戏剧院) hotel (旅馆) restaurant (餐馆) factory (工厂) company (公司) market (市场) supermarket (超市) museum (博物馆) post office (邮局) school (学校) airport (飞机场) church (教堂)(25)学校(school) primary school (小学) middle s

11、chool (中学) junior high school (初中) senior high school (高中) university (大学)(26)房间(room)Living-room (起居室、客厅) bedroom (卧室) bathroom (洗澡房) kitchen (厨房)(27)宇宙sun (太阳)moon (月亮)star (星星)earth (地球)sky (天空)air (空气)rain (雨)cloud (云)wind (风)snow (ft)(28)天气(weather)sunny (晴朗的)rainy (多雨的)cloudy (多云的、阴天的)windy (有

12、风的) snowy (多雪的) (29)运动(sport) basketball (篮球) football (足球) volleyball (排球) baseball (网球) tennis (羽毛球) table tennis / ping-pong (乒乓球)(30)乐器drum (鼓)trumpet (喇叭)piano (钢琴) violin (小提琴) guitar (吉他)二、构词记忆法1、合成法由两个或者两个以上的词合成新词,这种 构词法叫做合成法。classroom (教室)=class + room , worldwide (全世界的) =world (世界)+ wide (

13、广泛的),downstairs (在楼下) =down (向下) + stairs (楼梯),friendship (友谊)=friend (朋友)+ ship (船), everywhere (各地;到J处) =every + where. homework (家庭作业) =home + work, housework (家务) =house + work ,southeast (东南部) =south + east , underground (地下的)=under (在? 下面)+ ground (地面), schoolbag (书包) -school + bag ) homeland

14、(故乡;祖国).home (家)+ land (土地),hometown (家乡)-home (家)+ town (镇) basketball (篮球)-basket (篮子)+ ball (球)special ( adj.特殊的) -special (n.特色菜),stop (v.停止)-stop (n.车站), countryside (乡村) -country (国家;乡村) + side (边),playground (操场) -play (玩)+ ground(地面),toothbrush (牙刷) tooth + brush (刷), toothpaste (牙膏) tooth +

15、 paste (糊状物), oversleep (睡过头) -over + sleep , earthquake (地震)earth (地球)+ quake(震动)2、词缀记忆法(1)前缀1) un-(不、非,表否定):able (能够?的)unable (不能的)、comfortable (舒服的)-uncomfortable(不舒服的)、crowded (拥挤的) fncrowded (不拥pleasant (令人愉快的)-unpleasant (使人不愉快的)、usual (寻常的 一)unusual (不同寻常的)、healthy (健康的) funhealthy (不健康的)、hap

16、py (快乐的)-unhappy (不快乐的)、friendly (友好的) unfriendly (不友好的)、2) dis-(不、非,表否定):advantage (优点、优势)-disadvantage(缺点、劣势)、cover (覆盖)discover (发现)、agree (同意)disagree (不同意)、like - dislike (不喜欢)、honest (诚实的)dishonest (不诚实的)、play (玩)-display (陈列)3) im-(不、非,表否定):polite (有礼貌的) impolite (不礼貌的)、 possible (可能的) imposs

17、ible (不可能的) 4) re-(又、再、重新): review (复习)、 return (归还)、rewrite (重写)、recycle (再循环;回收利用)5) inter-(相互、在一起):interview (面试)、international (国际的)、 internet (因特网)6) en-(使) encourage (鼓励)、endanger (危及;使遭受 危险)(2)后缀1) -or / -er (从事某职业的人或某类人):actor (演员) visitor (参观者) collector (搜集者) translator (翻译家) director (主任;

18、主管) singer (歌手) teacher (老师) reader (读者) writer (作家) foreigner (夕卜国人) learner (学习者) villager (村民) winner (胜利者) foreigner (夕卜国人) owner (所有者;物主) law (法律)lawyer (律师)特例:post (邮寄;邮政) poster (海报)、 draw (画画) 一drawer (抽屉)、 elevate (提升)一 elevator (电梯)、 equal (平等的) equator (赤道)、 cook (煮)一 cook (厨师) 一cooker (厨

19、具)、 flower (花) finger (手指) slipper (拖鞋) helicopter (直升机) refrigerator (冰箱) calculator (计算器)2) -ist (人,名词后缀):science (科学)- scientist (科学家)、 art (艺术)artist (艺术家)、 tour (n. &v.旅行) tourist (旅行者)、 terrorist (恐怖分子)3) -tion (表示动作、状态,名词后缀):predict ( v.预言)f prediction (n.预言)、compete ( v.竞争) competition (

20、n.竞争)、 invite (v.邀请) finvitation ( n.邀请、 请柬)、 invent (v.发明)-invention (n.发明)instruct(v.指示) instruction (n.指示;用法说明) attend (v.注意) attention ( n.注意、专心)、 describe ( v.描述) description (n.描述)、 attract (v.吸弓I) attraction ( n.有吸弓I力的事 物或人)、pollute (v.污染) -pollution (n.污染)、donate (捐赠) donation (捐赠物;捐款)、 orga

21、nize (组织)-organization (组织;机构)、 pronounce (发音)- pronunciation (发音(法)4)-ment (表示动作、状态,名词后缀) : develop(v.发展)-development (n.发展)、 advertise (v.登广告)-advertisement ( n.广 告)、entertain ( v.款待;使娱乐)一 entertainment ( n.娱乐)、 improve ( v.改善) improvement (n.改善)、 argue (v.争论)argument (n.争论)、 state ( v.陈述)-stateme

22、nt (n.陈述;声明)、 require (v.要求)-requirement ( n.要求)、 government (政府)5) -ture / -ure (名词后缀) picture (图画) temperature (温度) future (将来) structure (结构;构造) creature (生物) pressure (压力) pleasure (愉快)6) -th (名词后缀) true (真实的) truth (真相) breath (n.呼吸) birth ( n.出生)care - careful (仔细的、小心的)、 peacef peaceful (平静的、

23、和平的)、 play - playful (顽皮的)8) -less (没有、无,形容词后缀):care fcareless (粗心的)、 help - helpless (无助的)、 home homeless (无家可归的)9) -y (表性质,形容词后缀): fun (乐趣)funny (有趣的)、 health (健康)-healthy (健康的)、 sleep (睡觉) -sleepy (困倦的)、 taste (味道;品尝)一tasty (味美可口的)、 luck (运气)lucky (幸运的)、 shiny (有光泽的;发亮的)sleepy(困倦的)guilty (内疚的;有罪的

24、) salty (含盐的;咸的)特 例:photography (摄影(业)energy (活力;力量)10) -al (?的,形容词后缀):nature (大自然、天性)natural7) -ful (充满,形容词后缀):eastern (东方的)success (成功) -successful (成功的)、western (西方的)wonder (奇迹)-wonderful (精彩的)、southern (南方的)color - colorful (颜色鲜艳的、富多彩的)、northern (北方的)beauty (美的东西)beautiful (美丽的)14、) -ly (形容词或副词后

25、缀):作形容词后缀时: lovely (可爱的) friendly (友好的) lively (充满活力的) daily (每日的;日常的) 作副词后缀时: usually (通常) simply (简单地 probably (可能地) really (真正地) quickly (迅速地) slowly (缓慢地) certainly (当然) clearly (清楚地;明显地) extremely (极其;非常) gradually (逐渐地) strongly (坚定地) exactly (正;恰恰) normally (通常;正常地)15) -ed (形容词后缀):surprised (

26、感到惊讶的) interested (感兴趣的) (天然excited (感到兴奋的)的、天生的、自然的)、nation (国家) national (国际的)、 person (个人)personal (私人的、个人的)、medicine (药、医学)-medical (医学的)、 normal (正常的)、final (最后的)11) -able (能够?的,形容词后缀): comfortable (舒服的) knowledgeable (知识渊博的) adjustable (可调整的) suitable (合适的)12) -ous (形容词后缀)relaxed (轻松的)worry (担

27、心)- worried (烦恼的) annoyed (恼怒的)、 embarrassed (感到尴尬的) organized (有组织的) injured (受伤的) tired (疲倦的) spotted (有斑点的) endangered (濒临灭绝的) polluted (被污染的)16) -ing (形容词或名词后缀): 形容词后缀:interesting (有趣的) exciting (令人兴奋的)outstanding (杰出 的) amazing (令人惊异的)delicious (美味的) nervous (紧张的) enormous (巨大的)13) -ern (表?方向的)

28、:disappointing (令人失望的)following (以下的)、willing (乐意的;心甘情愿的)fascinating (迷人的)frustrating (令人失望的)embarrassing (令人尴尬的)tiring (令人疲倦的)confusing (令人困惑的)convincing (令人信服的) thrilling (令人激动的) misleading (令人误解的;骗人的)名词后缀:building (建筑物)training (训练)meaning (意思)ending (结局;结尾)附:国家、地区加后缀后表示“民族、语言或所属国家、地区(人或语言)的 ”Chi

29、na (中国)一Chinese中国人、汉语、中国(人)的Japan (日 本) 一 Japanese 日 本人、日语、日本(人)的England (英国) Englishman 英国人、英国男人一 Englishwoman 英国女人一 English英语(的),英国(人)的the English总称英国人America (美国/洲)一American美国/洲人、美国(英)语、美国(人)的Australia (澳大利亚、澳洲) 一Australian 澳大利亚人、澳大利亚(人)的India (印度)-Indian印第安人、印第安语、印度的、印第安人的Russia (俄罗斯)一Russian俄国人

30、、俄国的Canada (加拿大)一Canadian加拿大人、加拿大(人)的France (法国)一French法语(的)、法国(人)的the French总称法国人一 Frenchman法国男人一Frenchwoman法国女人Germany (德国)一German 德语(的)、德国(人)的Asia (亚洲) Asian亚洲人、亚洲(人)的Africa (非洲) African非洲人、非洲(人) 的Europe (欧洲)European欧洲人、欧洲 (人)的3、转化法一个单词由一种词类转化为另一种词类,这种 构词法教转化法。单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义密切联系。show ( n.展览、展示)

31、 show ( v.表演、展 出),water (n.水)- water (v.浇水), slow (adj.慢的) slow (v.放慢), walk ( v.散步、走) take a walk ( n.散步), rest (v.休息)take a rest (n.休息), look (v.看)- have a look (n.看一下,看一 看),store (n.商店)store (v.储存), graduate (v.毕业生) graduate (v.毕业),taste (n.味道)taste (味道;鉴赏力), sound ( n.声音)-sound (v.听起来), light (n

32、.光线)light ( v.点燃), study ( v.学习;研究)study ( n.学习;研 究),smell (n.嗅觉;气味)smell ( v. 闻),empty ( adj.空的)empty (v.排空), fool ( n.愚人)fool (愚弄), kid (n.小孩)kid (v.开玩笑;戏弄), land ( n.陆地)land (v.着陆), display (n.陈列;展览) display (v.陈列;展览),smile (n.微笑)smile ( v.微笑), waste ( n.浪费;废充物) waste ( v.浪费), lock ( n.锁)-lock (v

33、.锁住), book (n.书)- book (v.预定), 4、缩写和简写telephone f phone (电话), airplane f plane (飞机), laboratory - lab (实验室), advertisement f (ad 广告), examination f exam (考试) mathematics f math (数学), photogragh photo (照片) veterinarian f (vet 兽医)、 refrigerator f refrige (冰箱), television f (TV 电视机)三、同义近义词记忆法answerrepl

34、y (回答)reach -get to -arrive at/in (到J达)beginstart (开始)fast-quick (快速的)question problem (问题)healthy -fit (健康的)voice sound (声音)tourtrip (旅行)bicyclebike (自行车)oftenusually (常)川一sick (生病的)rat mouse (老鼠)trash litter rubbish garbage (垃圾)possible probable (可能的)very quite (非常)shop store (商店)cleversmart (聪明的)

35、holiday vacation (假期)cute - lovely (可爱的)area district (地区)film movie (电影)look after take care of care for (照顾)photo photograghright correctimpolite rude (不礼貌的;粗鲁的)term semester (学期)purse wallet (钱包)disappointing frustrating (令人失望的)fix repair mend (修理)fleeescape run away (逃跑)smoke (抽烟)一snake (蛇)theme

36、 topic (主题)perhapsprobably (或许; 大概)chance opportunity (机会)company firm (公司)shake quake (震动)四、反义词记忆法man womanboygirlmister madamwaiter (男服务生)一waitress (女服务员)police (警察)thief (小偷)before afterbig small easydifficult ask answer borrowreturn dry wet early - late birth death cold hot coolwarm careful care

37、less safedangerous buysell cheap expensive young -old newold hungry - full strong-weak busy free laugh-cry possible impossible losefind longshort tall (高的)一short (矮的) high (高的)一low (低的) right wrong fatthin (瘦的) up-down like dislike love hatesavewaste accept refuse (拒绝) light heavy first -last take b

38、ring interesting boring awake asleep rich poor healthy -ill ancient modern quick-slowpositive (积极的、肯定的)一negative (消极的、否定的)push pull beautiful ugly (丑陋的)quiet noisysucceed -failclean dirty samedifferent full (饱的)一hungry (饿的) full (满的)一empty (空的) adult (成年人)一child (小孩) huge (巨大的) 一tiny (微小的) native (本

39、地本国的)一foreign (外国的)wait in line (排队等候) 一cut in line (插队) out of style (过时的) in style (时尚的) soft (柔软的)hard (坚硬的) hard-working (勤勉的) -lazy (懒惰的) accept (接受) f refuse (拒绝)五、形近词记忆法aloud (大声地) 一cloud , band bankbetter letter bed redboxfoxcarrymarry talkwalk from form (形成、养成) meat meetsheshyplan playkind

40、kinghand hang will -wish waste taste hear heart cause (弓I起)一course (课程) treetruesoon moonlist listennumber Novemberfuture (将来)一furniture (家具) invite invent, boy-toy bird bridge (桥)imagine (想象) 一 magazine (杂志) ringking, sweep (打扫) 一sweet (甜的) rule rulerready alreadyquitequiet (安静的)money monkeybank- b

41、lank (空白的)taketape (录音带)movemoviespeed speechshirtshortthird tiredsalesafedoorfloorkitchen chickentomato potatoeight- height (高度)place palace (宫殿)through though wash wishdream -drumrest restaurantcupcutwatch matchsandstandprogram progress mile milkfail mailbelt (带子)一leftread breadexcuse (原谅) 一exercisestarstaytea teamstrict (严厉的) 一districtagain against (反对)bark (吠声)一dark (黑暗(的)一park rock -sockparty partner (伙伴)camera (相机) 一comedy (喜居U)shoeshow (展示、表演)tower (塔)-towel (毛巾)deardeal

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