定语从句（关系代词引导）ppt课件

1、定语从句关系代词引导定语从句(Attributive clause) 概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子。 (在句子中作定语) Tom is a smart boy.Tom is a boy who is smart.描画词作定语句子作定语,修饰boy, 叫定语从句Tom is a boy who is smart.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which, who, whom, whose, thatwhere, when，whyRelatives(关系词关系词)Used for（指代）（指代） The clause（从句）（从句）从句缺从句缺_或或_从句缺少从句缺少_whichth

2、atwhowhomwhosewherewhenwhysth.sb. /sth.sb.sb.sb. /sth.a placetimereason主语宾语状语关系代词关系副词assb. /sth.解题步骤和关键1.分析定语从句的句子成分2.从句短少主语或宾语，那么用关系代词3.从句短少状语，那么用关系副词判别缺不缺宾语或主语？This is the factory _ I used to work in.John is reading a book _ belongs to me.The village _ I visited yesterday is beautiful.that/ whichw

3、hich/that whichvi.+ prep. 短少宾语短少主语短少宾语考点难点归纳1.that & which2.介词 + 关系代词3.whose的用法that1.that 与whichDo you have anything _ you dont understand? 先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。whichwhomHer bag, in _ she put all her money, has been lost.This is the boy wi

4、th _ he talked.在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 等修饰时,引导定语从句用that 。thatThis is the best TV _ is made in China.先行词被描画词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。that只用that的情况：1.先行词是everything, nothing, anything，something, much

5、, little, none等不定代词2.先行词被描画词最高级或序数词修饰3.先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 等修饰 4.先行词中既有人又有物5. who/which 等作先行词时 只用which的情况:1.在介词后面，指事物用which, 指人用whom2. 非限制定语从句中3. 代指整件事，与 as区别whomto whom2. 如何判别介词The old man _I am looking after is better.The old man _I am talking is bett

6、er.3. whose 的运用The house _is broken is mine. A. whose windowB. the window of whichC. of which the window D. the window of whom 4. as 的运用The earth is round, _ we all know._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.as AsItwhichAsas /which1. It is useful to master a

7、foreign language, _ is true.2. _ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize. which 普通在句中 ,而as可在句首、句中, 具有“正如之意，与之搭配的动词普通是固定的。课堂训练1. The science museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions.A. which B. what C. that D. where2. I will never forget the day

8、s _ we spent together.A. when B. that C. in which D. on which3. We dont believe the reason _ he explained at the meeting.A. why B. for which C. that D. in whichBCA4. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party turned out to be a great success.A. in which B. for whichC. on which D. at

9、 which5. The CCTV Tower, _ base is used as a big electrical equipment shop, attracts countless travelers every day. A. where B. which C. whose D. its 6. My glasses, _ I could see nothing, fell to the ground and broke. A. which B. with which C. without which D. that高考链接1. (2021安徽高考)Mo Yan was awarded

10、 the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2021, made one of the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true.A. itB. thatC. whatD. which【解析】选D。调查定语从句。句意:2021年莫言被授予诺贝尔文学奖,这使得中国人民多年以来的一个梦想实现了。此题调查非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整句话的内容,关系代词which在从句中作主语,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。2. (2021湖南高考)Happiness and success often come to those_ are

11、 good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which【解析】选B。调查定语从句。句意:幸福与胜利通常降临于那些擅长于认识到本人的优点的人。who在句中引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,符合标题构造。whom引导定语从句也修饰人,但是在从句中作宾语或用于介词+whom构造中。3. (2021重庆高考)John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of_ are family members.A.themB.that C.which D.whom【解析】选D。调查定语从

12、句。句意:约翰约请了大约40人来参与他的婚礼,其中大多数都是他的家人。先行词为40 people,在定语从句中作of的宾语并指人,用关系代词whom,应选D;A项为代词,放入之后前后为两个完好的句子,两个完好句子不可仅用逗号隔开,需在两句中间参与连词才对;B项that普通不放在介词后面;C项which指代物。4.(2021福建高考)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.A.whose B.thatC.whoD.which【解析】选A。调查定语从句。句意:这

13、本书经过那些生命遭到影响的人的见证讲述了地震的故事。由句式构造可知those后为定语从句,先行词是those,空格处在从句中作lives的定语,故用关系词whose。5. (2021山东高考)There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.A.as B.that C.when D.where【解析】选A。调查定语从句。句意:没有一个简单的答案,这在科学领域里是常有的事。as引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,替代前面的情况,意为“正如,正像。6.(2021陕西高考)It is the third time that she

14、has won the race, _ has surprised us all.A. that B. where C. which D. what【解析】选C。调查定语从句中关系词的选择。句意: 这是她第三次博得竞赛了, 这让我们大家都很诧异。分析句子构造可知这是一个非限制性定语从句, 排除A项和D项(that不能引导非限制性定语从句; what只能引导名词性从句);又由于定语从句中缺主语, 所以排除B项; C项which可引导非限制性定语从句, 代表整个主句的内容, 翻译为“这, 这一点。所以C项符合题意。7.(2021安徽高考)A lot of language learning, _ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children durin