(一)概念在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句

1、The Attributive Clause(一一)概念：在复合句中修饰名词或概念：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，被定语代词的从句叫做定语从句，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词定语从句一般都紧跟在先行词词定语从句一般都紧跟在先行词的后面，引导定语从句的关系代词的后面，引导定语从句的关系代词有：有：关系关系代词代词1)who 指人，在从句中做主指人，在从句中做主语语This is the man who helped me.2)whom 指人，在从句中做宾语，指人，在从句中做宾语，可省略可省略The boy whom you met yesterda

2、y is Tom.关系代词关系代词3)whose可指人可指人,也可指物也可指物,在从在从句中做定语句中做定语.Do you know the girl whose name is Lucy?4)which 指物指物,做主语或宾语做主语或宾语.Beijing is a city which has a history of 2000 years.关关系系代代词词5)that 可指人可指人/指物指物,做主语或宾语做主语或宾语The book that is white is mine.6)as可独自引导定语从句可独自引导定语从句,也可也可与主句中的与主句中的such或或 the same ,so呼

3、应引导定语从呼应引导定语从句句As we all know, the sun rises in the east.Such subjects as English require great efforts and patience.用用that而不用而不用which的情况的情况:1)先行词前有序数词或最高级修饰时先行词前有序数词或最高级修饰时:This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.2)先行词是不定代词先行词是不定代词all, few, much, little, nothing, no等时等时:All that can

4、 be done has been done.3)先行词前有先行词前有the only, the very, the same, the last等时等时:This is the very book that I have been looking for.4)先行词既有人又有物时先行词既有人又有物时:He told us the stories and writers that interested him.关关系系副副词词when 作时间状语作时间状语.I still remember the day when Beijing was liberated.where 地点状语地点状语.Th

5、is is the place where I was born.why原因状语原因状语.Do you know the reason why he was late?(三三)关系词的作用关系词的作用:1)引导定语从句引导定语从句2)代替先行词在其引导的定语从句代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分中充当一定的句子成分(关系词在关系词在从句子中充当了成分从句子中充当了成分,其意思就是先其意思就是先行词的意义行词的意义,所以在从句中不能重复所以在从句中不能重复其意其意).The pen that I bought it last night is red.(四四)先行词在从句中作主语时

6、先行词在从句中作主语时,从句谓从句谓语动词的单复数由先行词而定语动词的单复数由先行词而定.He is one of the experts that _ from china. (come)comeHe is the only one of the experts that _ from es(五五)确定关系词的步骤确定关系词的步骤:1)先找先行词先找先行词.看先行词指的是什么看先行词指的是什么.2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分看关系词在从句中所充当的成分.This is the place _ is worth visiting.This is the place _ we visited

7、yesterday .This is the place _ he grew up as a child.which/that(that/which)whereHell never forget the day _ he joined the army.Hell never forget the day_ he spent with you.when(which)(六六)限制性定语从句和非限制性定语限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句从句.是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如如果去掉果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意主句的意思就不完整或失去意义义,它和主句的关系十分密切

8、它和主句的关系十分密切,写时不用写时不用逗号隔开逗号隔开.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切和主句的关系不十分密切,只是对先行只是对先行词作些附加的说明词作些附加的说明,可有可无可有可无,如果去如果去掉掉,主句的意思仍然很清楚主句的意思仍然很清楚,它和主句它和主句之间往往用逗号隔开之间往往用逗号隔开,不用不用that引导引导.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句The boy who is in red is Tom.Tom, who is 16 years old, is my friend.1)I have two brothers, _ are doctors. I have

9、 two brothers and _are doctors.A .both of them B. both of whomBA(七七) 注意以下特殊的句子注意以下特殊的句子: 2) Is this the school_ you visited yesterday? Is this school_ you visited yesterday?A. that B. the one C. whereBAIve heard the news that he visited our factory. Ive heard the news that he told you the other day.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years