建筑英语2bUnit2：textA(重庆科创职业学院)

1、建筑材料建筑材料 Warming-up Questions Basic Vocabulary Fast Reading Text A Building Materials Assingment Look at the pictures and say the names of the materials.What properties does a building materials have?Which is the highest building in the world?What kind of materials is the building made of?What is th

2、e duty of a material man ?Background about the building materialsThe materials are the basic elements of any building . They may be classified into three groups according to the purpose they are used for :structural materials , decoration materials ,and some special materials.【译文】建筑材料是建筑工程的基本要素。按照材料

3、的使用功能可分为三类：结构材料、装饰材料和某些专用材料。定语从句定语从句Special materials possess the function of waterproofing , dust-proofing , corrosion prevention ,fireproofing, sound insulation ,heat insulation, preservation and airproofing as well.【译文】专用材料指用于防水、防尘、防腐、防火、阻燃、隔音、隔热、保温、密封等。 Having to withstand long-term wind, sunshi

4、ne, rain, wear and corrosion, building materials will gradually change their performance, so the reasonable selection is essential. First of all they should be safe and durable. Second, the economical efficiency must be put into consideration for a large amount of building materials are used in civi

5、l works and they usually account for more than half of total project cost. 现在分词作状语表原表原因因 建筑材料长期承受风吹、日晒、雨淋、磨损、腐蚀等，物理性能会逐渐变化，因此建筑材料的合理选用至关重要，首先应当安全、经久耐用。其次建材费用通常占工程总造价的一半以上，因此必须兼顾经济性。withstand v.withstands withstanding withstood 抵抗 ,抗拒 ,反抗; 耐得住,经得起 temptation hardships经得起 住 诱惑 困苦 an attack抵挡攻击Exercise

6、 really can help you withstand stresses and strains more easily. Different factors have to be put into consideration in different conditions.We have to take into consideration the parameter of practicality and artistry.我们应该将艺术性和实用性等因素都考虑在内。Students account for 50% of our customers.在我们的顾客中,学生占了一半。He

7、could not account for his absence from school. 他无法说明他旷课的原因The strength is different along and across the grain, so it is made more uniform by using adhesives so bond multiple layers with the grain running in various directions.【译文】 木材的强度在顺纹和横纹上是不同的。因此，通过黏合剂来黏结多层木料使其纤维在各个方向都均匀。【译文】经过更好的防虫和耐火等方法的处理，木材

8、的耐用性得到了改善。retard v.retards retarding retarded 1 减低的速度; 使迟缓,使耽搁; 妨碍,阻止We were ed by the arrival of a visitor just as we were leaving home.我们正好要出门时有客人来访而被耽搁 the economic recovery妨碍经济复苏Wood also has appeal for conservationists because it is renewable we can plant more trees and its manufacture into a u

9、sable form involves no pollution of the environment.自然资源保护专家们也对木材感兴趣，因为它是可再生的，我们可以种植更多的树，而且把木材加工成有用的形状也不会对环境造成污染。These subjects have lost their appeal for most students. 对多数学生来说,这些学科已经失去了吸引力。Her novels have wide appeal. 她的小说有广大的吸引力。Such life has no appeal for me.这种生活对我没用吸引力。The appeal for peace reac

10、hed throughout the world.和平的呼声遍及世界。The court rejected her appeal.法院驳回了她的上诉。It is his legal right to appeal.上诉是他的正当权利。Anything that particularly appeal to you?有什么你特别感兴趣的工作吗？If you appeal to him, he will come down handsome. 如果你向他求助，他会慷慨解囊。renewable adj.Renewable resources are natural ones such as wind

11、, water, and sunlight, which are always available.renew v.1 更新; 重订 的期限The agreement has been ed for another year.该协定的期限已经再延长一年2 将换新; 补足,补充You must your store of gasoline.你必须补足汽油3 a. 恢复 ,挽回,更新 ones enthusiasm 恢复热心 ones hopes 重新燃起希望4 将 翻新,使焕然一新 ones old coat把旧外套改造翻新Stone is strong and durable. In many

12、 respects it is an ideal building material. However, it is expensive and difficult to work with because stones must be cut from the solid rock in a quarry. Natural stone is still used for building, although it has taken on a comparatively minor role in industrialized countries, being confined mainly

13、 to facing and other decorative finishes.天然石头仍然用于建筑业，尽管在工业国家它只是充当相对次要的角色，只限于制作饰面或其他装饰材料。现在分词作现在分词作状语状语Bricks are brittle, strong in compression but weal in tension. Their uses are therefore largely limited to columns, walls and arches.砖易碎，抗压能力强而抗拉能力弱，因此他的使用就受到极大的限制，只能用在柱，墙和拱上。Designs have to ensure

14、that lateral forces are resisted and that structures can not buckle or fail by horizontal sliding.其设计上必须保证能抵抗侧向力并在结构上不发生弯曲或水平滑动。buckle 可数名词1 (皮带等的) 扣子,带扣; (鞋等的装饰) 扣环2 (金属板、锯等的) 扭曲,弯曲,变形及物动词1 用扣环扣住 扣紧 (up) a belt 用扣环扣紧皮带2 使变形,使弯曲The pillars began to buckle under the strain. 柱子在压力下开始弯曲3 oneself努力从事,对全

15、力以赴to oneself (down) to the work全力去做那工作Buckle down: to start working hard and seriously If you dont buckle down, youre not going to graduateFired bricks are used extensively for houses in developed countries. Their size and type are governed by national standards. Bricks are small enough to laid eas

16、ily by hand. Most bricks are made from clay or shale and are burned in a kiln. Some , however, are made of silica sand (硅砂)and lime（石灰） and those are known as calcium silicate bricks（硅钙砖）. Building blocks are a little larger than bricks and are generally made of concrete.Metal is used as structural

17、framework for large buildings such as skyscrapers, or as an external surface covering.金属被用做大型建筑物，例如摩天大楼的结构框架，或作为建筑物的外表面覆盖物。Steel is a metal alloy whose major component is iron ,and is the usual choice for metal structural building materials .【译文】钢是一种合金，主要成分是铁，通常是金属结构材料的选择。Because of its high strengt

18、h , it is particularly suitable for use with heavy loads and over long spans.Steel is truly an all-round material. It is nearly as durable as stone, but it must be painted to prevent rusting. It has some of woods elastic quality(弹性), and it can be formed into almost any shape.Concrete is an man-made

19、 material created by the proper mixing of water, stone, and sand with a binder (usually Portland cement) .But concrete is very weak in tension, and so has to be adequately reinforced with steel bars(钢条).但混凝土的抗拉强度低，因此要进行充分的钢筋加固。reinforce v.加强,增强,强化 ,使有气势; 增援 a bridge加固桥梁Eventually, they had to reinfo

20、rce the walls with exterior beams. ones argument加强自己的论据 论证 a supply增加供应This material is then called reinforced concrete, which can be molded into innumerable shapes, such as beams, columns, slabs, and arches, and is therefore easily adapted to a particular form of buildings. 这种材料被称为钢筋混凝土，它可以浇铸成各种形状，

21、如梁、柱、板和拱，因而较易使用特殊形态的建筑物。mold v. 1 a. 用使成型,用铸 塑 造 out of, fromStatues are ed out of clay or bronze.雕像是用黏土或青铜塑 铸 成的b. 将塑 铸 成,将造成intoWax is ed into candles.蜡被制成蜡烛2 塑造,形成,陶冶,磨炼 the character of the young塑造青少年的性格Many kinds of materials besides the basic structural materials are used for a building. There is window glass, to admit light and provide a view . There is insulation , to keep the building warm in winter and cool in summer. engineering plastics 工程塑料工程塑料composite material 复合材料，合成材料复合材料，合成材料colored tile 彩色瓷砖彩色瓷砖civil constructi