grammar动词不定式

1、Unit 3 Language in useModule 6 Animals in danger当我们要表示当我们要表示“想做某事、需要想做某事、需要做某事或决定做某事做某事或决定做某事”时，就会时，就会出现出现两个动词连用的情况两个动词连用的情况，这时，这时应如何表达呢？应如何表达呢？同学们自然会想到同学们自然会想到want to do sth.,need to do sth.和和decide to do sth.等表达方式。等表达方式。主要行为动词后面的动词都采用了主要行为动词后面的动词都采用了“to+动词原形动词原形”的结构，我们把这的结构，我们把这种种结构称为结构称为动词不定式动词不定

2、式（有时可以不带（有时可以不带to）。）。动词不定式没有人称和数的变动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语化，在句子中不能作谓语。下面我们。下面我们一起来看一下动词不定式有哪些一起来看一下动词不定式有哪些语法语法功能功能。什么是动词不定式？什么是动词不定式？不定式作宾语不定式作宾语 学习不定式作宾语时学习不定式作宾语时,要注意掌握要注意掌握:后接不后接不定式作宾语的动词。常见动词有定式作宾语的动词。常见动词有: want, hope, wish, like, begin, try, need, forget, agree, help 等。等。Many people decide to

3、 protect animals in danger. 许多人决定去保护濒危动物。许多人决定去保护濒危动物。 I want to go to the library.我想去图书馆。我想去图书馆。 1. 我们需要帮助动物生活在安全的环境里。We need _ the animals live in peace.2. 他决定去参观香港迪士尼乐园。He decided _ Disneyland Hong Kong.3. 我忘记帮我姐姐买一支笔了。I forgot _ a pen for my sister.to helpto visitto buyexercises1. 许多人决定不去想这件事。许多

4、人决定不去想这件事。Many people _ _ _ _ about it. 2. 我想去图书馆。我想去图书馆。 I _ _ _to the library.3. 我忘记帮我姐姐买一支笔了。我忘记帮我姐姐买一支笔了。I _ _ _ a pen for my sister.decided not to thinkwant to goforgot to buy接不定式作宾语的动词接不定式作宾语的动词 助记顺口溜助记顺口溜 想要拒绝莫忘记（想要拒绝莫忘记（want, refuse, forget ） 需要学习就努力（需要学习就努力（need, learn, try） 喜欢同意回帮助（喜欢同意回帮助

5、（like, agree, help) 希望决定后开始（希望决定后开始（hope, decide, begin, start） 1. It allows people _ (get) closer to them.2. We all need _ (help) animals live in peace.3. Lets find out what else we can do _ (save) as many animals as possible.4. In order to _ (protect) pandas in the world, the government is setting

6、 up nature parks.5. so the WWF is working hard _ (save) them all.to getto helpto saveprotectto save6. Your money pays _ (look after) the animals.7. That means we can give money _ (help) protect the animals.8. Scientists are doing a lot of research _ (help) pandas produce more babies and help baby pa

7、ndas live.9. Pandas born in zoos may go back _ (live) in the nature parks.10.There will be more bamboo _ (feed) the pandas.to look afterto helpto helpto liveto feed我们可以发现动词不定式的另外两种语我们可以发现动词不定式的另外两种语法功能：法功能：在在“动词动词+宾语宾语+动词不定式动词不定式”的结的结构中充当宾语的补足语构中充当宾语的补足语 在句中表示行为动作的目的，作目在句中表示行为动作的目的，作目的状语的状语动词不定式作宾语补

8、足语动词不定式作宾语补足语可用于可用于“动词动词+宾语宾语+动词不定式动词不定式”这一结这一结构的动词有很多，除本模块出现的构的动词有很多，除本模块出现的allow，choose等词外，常见的还有：等词外，常见的还有：want, tell, ask, invite, help, need,等。等。We want you to help us.我们想要你来帮助我们。我们想要你来帮助我们。Please tell Betty to come to school earlier.请告诉请告诉Betty早点来学校。早点来学校。需要注意的是：需要注意的是：1）以上动词接不定式作宾语补足语时，若要以上动词接

9、不定式作宾语补足语时，若要表达否定的意思表达否定的意思，要在，要在to do前加前加not, 构成构成not to do的形式。例如：的形式。例如：1.My mom tells me to play football in the street. (改为否定句改为否定句)My mom tells me _ _ _ football in the street.Mr Han tells us not to sleep in class.韩先生告诉我们上课不要睡觉。韩先生告诉我们上课不要睡觉。She told me not to buy the concert ticket.她告诉我不要去买音乐会

10、的票了。她告诉我不要去买音乐会的票了。not to play2）有些动词后接动词作宾语补足语有些动词后接动词作宾语补足语时，可以时，可以接不带接不带to的不定式的不定式，常见的，常见的这类动词有：这类动词有：make, let, have，help,等等。例如：。例如：Let me make a cake for you.让我做个蛋糕给你吧。让我做个蛋糕给你吧。His words made everyone laugh.他的话（他的话（ His words ）让大家哄堂大）让大家哄堂大笑。笑。exercises1. 妈妈让我多读书。My mother asked me _ more books

11、.2. 我叫妈妈买一些花。I told my mother _ some flowers. 3. 我妈妈想我呆在家里。My mother wants me _ at home.to readto buyto stay动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语1. 很高兴见到你！Im glad _ _ you！2. 我来北京看望我爷爷的。I came to Beijing _ _my grandpa. 3. 我太累了，走不动了。Im too tired _ _. to meetto seeto walk不定式常常作不定式常常作目的状语目的状语、原因状语原因状语、结果状结果状语语等。不定式作状语时，要注意等

12、。不定式作状语时，要注意不定式的逻不定式的逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致。辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致。原因原因目的目的结果结果exercises1. 他早起是为了赶上早班车。He got up early _ _ the early bus.2. 看到这么多礼物他们很兴奋。They were excited _ _ so many presents.to catchto see原因原因目的目的动词不定式的其它语法功能：动词不定式的其它语法功能：1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语 不定式作主语时，常用不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式作形式主语，而将作主语的不定式放在句子后部。句式主语，而将作主语

13、的不定式放在句子后部。句式是：是：It is + adj. +(for sb.) to do sth. (做某事做某事是是的的) eg.It is good to help others. Helping / To help others is good.帮助他人（帮助他人（ help others ）是件好事。）是件好事。 It is exciting to watch football matches. Watching / To watch football matches is exciting.观看足球比赛是件令人兴奋的事。观看足球比赛是件令人兴奋的事。 exercises1. 游长

14、城是很兴奋的。It is exciting to visit the Great Wall.2. 对我们来说，学好英语是重要的。It is important for us to learn English well.3. 你能帮我真是太好了。It is very kind of you to help me.4. 不定式作定语不定式作定语不定式修饰名词或代词，起形容词的不定式修饰名词或代词，起形容词的作用，在句中作定语，放在被修饰对作用，在句中作定语，放在被修饰对象的后面，请看下列句子：象的后面，请看下列句子：I have a lot of homework to do. 我有很多作业要做。

15、我有很多作业要做。 Please give me something to eat. 请给我点吃的吧。请给我点吃的吧。exercises1. 我没有什么可吃的。I have nothing _ _.2. 很多动物没有居住的地方。Many animals have no place _ _.to eatto live 1. 你知道什么时候离开吗？Do you know _ _ _?2. 这个男孩不知道怎样去公园.The boy doesnt know _ _ _ to the park.when to leavehow to go疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。一

16、、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Do you know when _ (have) a picnic?2. She is very busy today. She has a lot of work _(do).3. Our teacher asked us _(be) careful when we crossed the road.4. Its easy for us _(answer) the question.to haveto doto beto answer1. Would you please tell me next? A. how to do B. what to doC.

17、 what do I do D. how I should do 2. The girl wasnt to lift that bookcase.A. too strongB. enough strongC. strong enough D. so strong 单项选择。单项选择。3. For a time his grandmother found _ accept his new idea. A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to 4. As she has never been there before, Ill have s

18、omeone her the way. A. show B. to show C. showing D. showed 5. You drive slowly. The roads are wet.A. had rather B. would ratherC. had better D. would better 6. Nothing can make the brave soldier _ his country.A. turn against B. to turn againstC. to turn to D. turn to 7. In the old days, it was diff

19、icult for the poor a job.A. find B. to find C. look D. to look for 8. When learning a foreign language, try our best the spirit of it.A. master B. hold C. take hold of D. to master 9. It was foolish his car unlocked. A. for him to leave B. of him to leaveC. for him leave D. him to leave 10. Remember

20、 the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. will put back 11. Napoleon spoke so loudly as to _ in front of his soldiers. A. hearB. be heard C. listen D. be listened to 1. 我有一些衣服要洗。我有一些衣服要洗。2. 苏喜欢谈这件事情。苏喜欢谈这件事情。3. 记住足够多的单词是很重要的。记住足够多的单词是很重要的。三、根据所给中文，写出下列英语

21、句子。三、根据所给中文，写出下列英语句子。I have some clothes to wash.Li Feis wish is to be a good doctor.Wang Li comes here to borrow some money.Its very important to remember enough words.Sue likes to talk about the matter.5. 李飞的愿望是成为一名好医生。李飞的愿望是成为一名好医生。4. 王立来这儿想借点钱。王立来这儿想借点钱。Match the two parts of the sentences.1.let

22、 the elephants They 2. We want the animals3. We should not allow the situation4. Help us5. They came herea)help.b) to become dangerous.c) plant more bamboo.d) live in the nature park.e) to be safe.d)e)b)c)a)Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.develop feed save tellTh

23、ey are working hard to make a better life for pandas.1.The government is trying _ plans to protect animals in danger.to develop2. He sent an email _ people what was happening.3. In order _ pandas, people will grow more bamboo in the mountains.4. The zoo asks us not _ the animals.to tellto saveto fee

24、d Complete the sentences. How many different sentences can you make?1. I went to the nature park to2. They asked the children3. Lets help them4. We wantComplete the conversations with the expressions in the box.a) shall we meet d) to see a filmb) to ask me e) will it startc) to protect them Tony: Hi

25、, Tony speaking.Daming: Hi, Tony. Its Daming. Do you want (1)_ this evening? Tony: Oh, its very nice of you (2)_. Whats the film about?Daming: Its about animals in danger, and what the government is doing (3)_? e)b)d) Tony: Oh, Id like to see it. Im doing my homework about that. What time (4)_?Daming: At eight oclock. Tony: So what time (5)_?Daming: At half past seven, outside the school gate. Tony: OK. See you then.Daming: See you.a)c)Work in pairs. Act out the conversation in Activity 4.Complete the sentences with the expressions