巴西和墨西哥投资环境分析

1、巴西和墨西哥投资环境分析巴西和墨西哥投资环境分析 GeographyInfrastructureResourcesIn 2010, Mexico was the seventh-largest oil producer in the world and the second-largest supplier of oil to the United States. State-owned Petroleos Mexicanos (Pemex) holds a constitutionally-established monopoly for the exploration, productio

2、n, transportation, and marketing of the nations oil and is one of the largest oil companies in the world.Mexicos agricultural sector accounts for 5% of GDP and employs 13.7% of the work force. Top revenue-producing crops include corn, tomatoes, sugar cane, dry beans, and avocados. Mexico also genera

3、tes significant revenue from the production of beef, poultry, pork, and dairy products.ResourcesLike its supply of carbon-based fossil fuels, Brazils proven mineral resources are extensive. Large iron and manganese reserves are important sources of industrial raw materials and export earnings. Minin

4、g companies, most of them Brazilian, tend to prefer to explore the deposits of nickel, tin, chromite, bauxite, beryllium, copper, lead, tungsten, zinc, gold, and other minerals.Brazil has a diverse and sophisticated services industry as well, including developed telecommunications, banking, energy,

5、commerce, and computing sectors. The financial sector is secure and provides local firms with a wide range of financial products, yet interest rates remain among the highest in the world. EconomyThe Mexican economy has grown rapidly in the last few years seeing more than 4.5% growth. Mexicos macroec

6、onomic performance has remained stable due to a strong domestic market and the increasing dynamism of their exports.The GDP of Mexico is the 14th highest in the world and the 2nd highest in Latin America. The Gross National Income per Capita was the highest in Latin America positioning Mexico as a c

7、ountry with generally medium-to-high income levels2.The United States exported $163 billion of goods to Mexico in 2010. Mexico is the United States second-largest export market (after Canada) and third-largest trading partner (after Canada and China).Key Economic FactsBudget Expenditures: $.29 trill

8、ion (2011)Budget revenues: $.10 trillion (2011)Distribution Of Family Income -GINI Index:51.70% (2008)Exports: $349.40 billion (2011)GDP per capita, PPP (current international $):$16,731.08 (2012)GDP, PPP (current international$):$2.02 trillion (2012)Imports: $350.80 billion (2011)Industrial product

9、ion growth rate:3.90% (2011)Inflation rate (consumer prices):3.40% (2011)Labor force: 50.01 million (2012)Population: 114.98 million (2012)Unemployment rate: 5.20% (2011)EconomyThe Brazilian economys solid performance during the 2008 financial crisis and its strong and early recovery, including 2010

10、 growth of 7.5%, have contributed to the countrys transition from a regional to a global power. the economy is the worlds seventh-largest and is expected to rise to fifth within the next several years.Low unemployment and strong domestic demand pushed 12-month inflation to 7.3% through the first thr

11、ee quarters of 2011, above the upper limit of the governments target of 2.5%-6.5%.Brazil is generally open to and encourages foreign investment. It is the largest recipient of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Latin America, and the United States is traditionally the top foreign investor in Brazil.

12、Key Economic FactsBudget Expenditures: $.90 trillion (2011)Budget revenues: $.98 trillion (2011)Distribution Of Family Income -GINI Index:51.90% (2012)Exports: $256.00 billion (2011)GDP per capita, PPP (current international $):$11,908.92 (2012)GDP, PPP (current international$):$2.37 trillion (2012)

13、Imports: $226.20 billion (2011)Industrial production growth rate:0.30% (2011)Inflation rate (consumer prices):6.60% (2011)Labor force: 104.70 million (2011)Population: 199.32 million (2012)Unemployment rate: 6.00% (2011)Business CultureLearn about Mexico: Mexicans are friendly to foreign.Nevertheles

14、s the culture is complex due to the overlap between politics, religion and cultural traditionsPeople are everything: Everything centres around relationships and there are many family companies.Customer service: the customer is always right; service can make a difference.Things not to talk about: Esp

15、ecially politics and religion. Remember most Mexicans are devout CatholicsBusiness around Food : You will be invited to lunch, it is how Mexicans close business.Become aware of regulations and taxes: The Mexican fiscal system is very complex, get a good accounting counsellorThe Government is your fr

16、iend. The Mexican government is open to new foreign investors. BMT Consulting can help you to find useful links to gain market intelligenceBusiness CultureA Brazilian business person is creative, flexible, fast and versatile, able to adjust to new developments, ideas and situations. For exle; Brazil

17、 ranks fifth in terms of the number of people who invest in new businesses.Brazilians are tactile and prefer personal contact. They may not be comfortable with conference calls so make sure to visit the market every six months and appoint a regional manager who lives in South America.Brazilians like

18、 you to be ambitious and know exactly what you want to achieve in Brazil. They also prefer to work in a collaborative environment.Brazilian companies are looking for long term commitment to their marketAccording to the World Bank, 39.8% of the GDP is in the informal economyinvestment policyforeign i

19、nvestment lawShare the risk of investment in the development plan of the bankMachinery and equipment, raw materials, components imported duty freeThe federal or government employee training planThe state rewards investment programsinvestment policyTo give national treatment to foreign investorsTo fu

20、rther open the marketThe government can give foreign investors favorable tax conditionsSafeguard the interests of foreign investorsCountry Risks assessments(Provided by Coface)158 country evaluations, drawn up on the basis of macroeconomic, financial and political data, are made freely available.Reg

21、ularly updated, they provide an estimate of the average credit risk on a countrys businesses. This is an invaluable tool, giving an indication of a countrys potential influence on businesses financial commitments.Our evaluations are based on:- our macroeconomic expertise in assessing country risk,-

22、our contextual business expertise,- our microeconomic expertise built up over 60 years of payment experience.Our analyses use a seven-level ranking. In ascending order of risk, these are: A1, A2, A3, A4, B, C and DStrengthsWeaknessesMexicoMembership of NAFTA, the OECD and the G20IMF credit line until Jan2015Geographic proximity to the USAImportant industrial baseWorld players in cement, beer, telephonyPublic finances under controlLow external debtDependence on the USAPublic finances vulnerable to oil resourcesPoor devel