中职英语Unit3_现在完成时

1、 present(now)futurepast 现在完成时现在完成时( present perfect tense)I bought an apple.pastnowfutureI have an apple.I have bought an apple.表示表示过去发生过去发生或完成的某一动作或完成的某一动作对现在对现在造成造成影响或结果影响或结果。one minute ago1.表示表示过去发生的动作过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。并对现在有影响。Someone has broken the window.(窗户现在是坏的窗户现在是坏的)I have already lost the ke

2、y. (我现在没有钥匙我现在没有钥匙)I havent read that book yet.(不了解书的内容不了解书的内容)I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的手是干净的)常与常与already(已经已经), yet(还还), just(刚刚刚刚),ever(曾经曾经)等词连用等词连用. already: 常用于肯定句中常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句常用于否定句,疑问句尾疑问句尾. I lived here.pastnowfutureI still live here.I have lived here for two years.表示表示过去过

3、去开始开始的动作的动作持续到现在持续到现在，甚至，甚至还可能继续下去还可能继续下去。I never move.two years ago2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since he was born .Have you stayed here since 3 oclock?常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用.for+时间段since+时间点 , since+句子 常用于现在完成时的时间常用于现在完成时的时间副词、介词副词、介词:alre

4、ady (已经已经): 用于肯定句用于肯定句 I have already posted the letter.yet(还还): 用于否定句用于否定句,疑问句疑问句 He hasnt done his homework yet.just(刚刚刚刚) They have just left. ever(曾经曾经) Have you ever been to Beijing ?never(从不从不) I have never seen him.before(以前以前) Have you seen the film before?since(自从自从以来以来) Ive worked in the s

5、chool since 1999.for(长达长达) Hes lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过在过去的去的)recently(最近最近) I have not written to my parents recently.so far(到目前为止到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs.up to now(到目前为止到目前为止) 陈述句肯定形式。陈述句肯定形式。 主语主语+ have/has+ 过去分词过去分词+其它其它 如如: I

6、have had lunch. 已经吃过午饭了。已经吃过午饭了。 He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。他去北京了。 上一页下一页主菜单 现在完成时的基本句型陈述句否定形式。陈述句否定形式。主语主语+ have/has+ not+过去分词过去分词+(在助动词在助动词have/has后后+not，可缩写为，可缩写为havent/hasnt)如如: I havent had lunch. 我还没吃午饭我还没吃午饭 He hasnt gone to Beijing. 他还没有去北京。他还没有去北京。一般疑问句形式及其答语。一般疑问句形式及其答语。 Have/Has+主语过去分词

7、主语过去分词（将助动词（将助动词have/has提前，句末加问号）提前，句末加问号） 肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes , 主语主语 have/has. 否定回答：否定回答：No , 主语主语 havent/hasnt. Has he gone to Beijing? 他去过北京了吗？他去过北京了吗？ Yes, he has ./ No, he hasnt.上一页下一页主菜单特殊疑问句形式。（疑问词特殊疑问句形式。（疑问词+一般疑问一般疑问句）句） 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+ have/has+主语过去分词主语过去分词？ 如如: Where has he gone? 他去了哪里？他去了哪里？Answer

8、 the questions with the words given.A: Would you like something to eat?B: No, Ive just had lunch. (just / have)1. A: Do you know where Julia is? B: Yes, I _ her (just / meet).2. A: What time is David leaving? B: He _ (already / leave).3. A: Whats in the newspaper today? B: I dont know. I _ (not / re

9、ad it / yet).have just methas already lefthavent read it yetA: Would you like something to eat?B: No, Ive just had lunch. (just / have)4. A: Is Ann coming to the cinema with us? B: No, she _ the film (already / see).5. A: What does Tim think about your plan? B: He _ (not / talk about it / yet).Answe

10、r the questions with the words given.has already seenhasnt talked about it yetFinish the letter.Dear Chris, Lots of things have happened since I last wrote to you.1. I/graduate/vocational school2. My father/start/a new job I have graduated from a vocational school. My father has started a new job. 3

11、. My brother/have/10 job interviews4. My sister/change/her job5. My mother/become/manager of a big company Yours, MaryFinish the letter.My mother has become a manager of a big company.My sister has changed her job.My brother has had 10 job interviews. 按要求改变句子。按要求改变句子。1. She has done her homework. (改

12、否定句改否定句)2. She has already told us the news. (改否定改否定句句)3. The rain has already stopped. (改一般疑改一般疑问句问句)4. I have waited here for two hours. (划线提划线提问问)She hasnt done her homework. She hasnt told us the news yet. Has the rain stopped yet?How long have you waited here ?since: (自自以来以来)1)since+时间点时间点He ha

13、s stayed here since 5 oclock.2)since+ 时间段时间段+ agoHe has stayed here since 5 hours ago.3)since+ 从句从句She has taught English since she came here. for: (长达）长达）for+ 时间段时间段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.since , for 的用法的用法: Take notes Complete the sentences with “for” and “since”.1) Jane has been in Amer

14、ica _ last weekend. _ a week.2) My brother hasnt eaten any food _ 24 hours. _ yesterday.3) I have learned English _ last July. _ six months.sinceforforsincesinceforComplete the sentences with “for” and “since”.4) My parents havent phoned me _ Saturday. _ two days.5) This team hasnt won _ last year.

15、_ a year.sinceforsinceforDescribe the pictures to show what Sara has done recently.study English / in an evening school / for 3 monthsSara has studied English in an evening school for three months.Describe the pictures to show what Sara has done recently.be a member of / English club / since last mo

16、nthSara has been a member of an English club since last month.Describe the pictures to show what Sara has done recently.read / three English novels / in the past two monthsSara has read two English novels in the past two months.Describe the pictures to show what Sara has done / Engla

17、nd / for 10 days / will be back next weekSara has traveled to England for ten days, and shell be back next week.1. 他的爷爷已经去世他的爷爷已经去世2年了。年了。 2. Nick 参军参军3年了年了.3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。他离开深圳好长时间了。4. 这本书我已借了这本书我已借了4个月了个月了. His grandpa has died for 2 years. Nick has joined the army for 3 years. He has left Shenzhen

18、 for a long time. I have borrowed the book for 4 months. XXXX实义动词分为实义动词分为: 1) 瞬间动词瞬间动词 (die, join, leave, borrow等等) 2)延续动词延续动词 (wait, know , learn 等等)注意注意: 瞬间动词不能和时间段连用瞬间动词不能和时间段连用. 实义动词分为实义动词分为: 1) 瞬间动词瞬间动词 2)延续动词延续动词 瞬间动词瞬间动词joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意注意: 瞬间动词不能和瞬间动词不能和

19、时间段时间段连用连用. method 1: 动作动作状态状态die be over leaveborrow/buy arrive begin end/finish join marrykeep/had be away be here be on(上演） be married be in be dead1. 他的爷爷已经去世他的爷爷已经去世2年了。年了。 2. Nick 参军参军3年了年了.3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。他离开深圳好长时间了。4. 这本书我已借了这本书我已借了4个月了个月了. His grandpa has been dead for 2 years. Nick has been

20、in the army for 3 years. He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time. I have had/kept the book for 4 months. method 2: It is + 时间段时间段 since +一般过去时的一般过去时的句子句子.1. 他的爷爷已经去世他的爷爷已经去世2年了。年了。 2. Nick 参军参军3年了年了.3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。他离开深圳好长时间了。4. 这本书我已借了这本书我已借了4个月了个月了. It is 2 years since his grandpa died. It is

21、 3 years since Nick joined the army. It is a long time since he left Shenzhen. It is 4 months since I borrowed the book . 1.The English professor arrived here about a week ago The English professor _ _ here for about a week .2.Her husband started to work on the farm three hours ago . Her husband _ _

22、 on the farm for three hours .3.The French musician came to China last month , and he is still here . The French musician _ _ _ China for a month .4.He joined the army in 1985 . He _ _ _ the army _ 1985 .改写句子，使原句的意思不变，每空一词。改写句子，使原句的意思不变，每空一词。has beenhas workedhas been in has been in since5.The bus l

23、eft five minutes ago . The bus _ already _ _ for five minutes .6.The girl bought a new school bag in September . The girl _ _ the school bag since September .7. The shop closed last winter . The shop _ _ _ since last winter .8. The film began ten minutes ago . The film _ _ _ for ten minutes .9. The

24、dog died two days ago . The dog _ _ _ for two days . 10. The meeting ended last month . The meeting _ _ _ for a month . has been away has hadhas been closed has been on has been deadhas been over Learning more about present perfect tense.1 A: Where is your father? Steve? B: Oh, he has gone to Shangh

25、ai for a meeting.The person is not here.2 A: Where have you been these days, Tom? B: I have been to Tibet. A: Oh, really? Was it great fun? B: Yes, very exciting.The person has come back and he is here. I have never been to London before.She has been to China many times. have been to swh. : 曾经去过某地，已

26、经回来曾经去过某地，已经回来has gone to swh. :某人去了某地，还没有回来某人去了某地，还没有回来用用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空填空：1.Where is your brother? He _ the shop. Hell be back soon.2. _ you ever _ to America? Yes, I _ New York twice.3. Here you are at last! Where _you _? I _ London.4. David _ Australia. Im sure hes already ar