新概念英语第三册笔记第48课上课教案

1、沉默的村庄大雪使车辆无法进入这个小山村。inaccessible adj难以接受的，达不到的1/ An inaccessibleplace is very difficult or impossible to reach.难到达的；不可及的2/ If something isinaccessible , you are unable to see, use, or buy it.看不到的；不可使Lesson 48 The silent villageNew words and expression 生词和短语Inaccessible ? ? n? k? ses? bl adj 难以接受的，达不

2、到的Access =entrance,approach entrance 入口 to词根access (n) 通道，通路程，通向的道路程，进入某地的道路，介词用 to(1) vt. 1、进入；使用；获取(资料)We can access the data in the computer.(2) n.通道；通路；(使用接近的)机会或权利 (to sth)定语往往用不定式t t he access to sth:的通道； 的机会或权利have access to sth:有权接近/使用 The only access to the village is to through the forest.

3、 The public don ' t have access to the documents. sth be accessible to sb:某人可以得到/接近/使用These important books are only accessible to those who have much experience.accessible (adj):easy to get to (及、达至U) / easy to understandHeavy snow made the village inaccessible to traffic.使某事成为可能make it impossi

4、ble to do用的；买不到的3/Sb or sth that isinaccessible is difficult or impossible to understand难懂的；无法理解的表不满approach 接近，方法vt.靠近，接近；（人和事物，空间和时间）n.靠近，临近；方法，手段；路径，途径方法手段1、 the way you deal with it or think about it临近2、sth gradually gets nearer as time passes3、get closer to it靠近4、a road, path, or other route th

5、at leads to swh(1) vt. & vi. 靠近，接近；对付，处理 The time is approaching when we think about buying a new house. Few writers even begin to approach Shakespeare' s greatness.莎士比亚的伟大， 鲜有作家能望其项背。 approach the puzzle.(2) n. 靠近 方法；通道，入口'With the approach of sth:随着的临近 With the approach of spring, ever

6、ything comealive.,t he approach to sth: 的方法 / 通道 The approach to the town / problem has beenabandoned.at the approach of 在快到的时候.be approaching 快至 U 了 the time for graduation is approaching.make an approach to 向提出建议或要求approachable 能接近unapproachable不能接近，无可匹敌的，不能与之相比的hospitable h ? ? sp? t? bl; ? h? sp

7、? t? bl adj 好客的1、好客的，殷勤周到的2、(气候、环境等)适宜的同=friendly , neighborly ,receptiveHospitable adj好客的，强调热情好客 /Friendly adj 友好的Neighborly adj 和睦的/Receptive adj 关于接受的，接纳的，强调一个人比较容易接纳一些想法和见解副词：hospitably名词：hospitality ? h? sp? ? t? l ? ti n 好客，殷勤；具体可指提供的：食物、饮料和其它优待反=hostile | ? h? sta ? l Be hostile to 对有敌意名词：hos

8、tility h? ' st? l? ti 敌意；战争行动Hostilehospitable不友好的，有敌意的同=hostile , unfriendly ,Hostile adj 不友好的，有敌意的/ Unfriendly-不友好的vicinity v ? ' s? n? ti n 周围，近邻（邻近，附近；近处）非常正式的用语，普通用语为neighbourhoodIn the vicinity 在附近/In the vicinity of在周围，附近（左右）=about ,大约（在什么程度 左右，上下）eg. There are two antique shops in th

9、e vicinity.a price in the vicinity of $25,000in the neighborhood ofapproximately adv.大约地；大概地eg. The plane will be landing in approximately 20 minutes.adj. approximative ? 'pr ? ksim ? tiv 近似的n. approximation ? ? pr? ks? ? me? ? n数近似法；接近；数近似值approximately最接近的，误差极小about 大致接近，误差可大可小；nearly 口语化一些arc

10、hitecturaladj 建筑的 另结构的architecture 'a? k? tekt ? ? （r） 建筑，结构，架构 the architecture of DNAarchitect n.建筑师，设计者fresco 'fresk ? ? n壁画/注意欧美的也有很多，比如教堂，索菲亚大教堂伊斯坦布尔abruptly adv 实然地，意外地abrupt adj.生硬的；突然的 sudden and unexpected ;唐突的（粗鲁的，冒失的）；陡峭的steep指坡度向上逐渐增加的斜陡坡，强调险峻，暗示难于攀登。sheer指自始至终近于垂直的陡峭，不仅仅很难爬上去，甚至

11、于不可能攀登。abrupt 着重指地形突然起伏，形成尖角状。tramp v 徒步前进/Tramp vt.徒步走,徒步旅行（本意是（尤指长时间地）重步行走，踏，踩）Tramp n.步行，徒步旅行,徒步旅行者Tramp n.流浪者，乞丐，妓女stroll str ? ? l n.溜达, 散步 =slow walking for pleasure in street or in garden） 指不慌不忙地溜达go for a stroll = go for a walk, take a stroll = take a walkstroll v.闲逛, 漫步 -He is strolling alo

12、ng the road.Stroller n. 散步者，流浪者Ramble 'r? mbl v.海岸、林中的漫步 -The couple are rambling in the forest.英漫步，尤指为消遣而在乡间闲逛Roamr ? ? m v.不安定的漂泊 （徜徉；闲逛；漫步 to walk or travel around an area without any definite aim or direction ）常指长时间没有目的或方向地游荡。Wander 'w ? nd? vi.漫步，徘徊，流浪，彷徨，无目的地移动moor m ? ? （r）; m ? ? （r）

13、 v 用（绳，链，锚）系船上 /1、荒野英国英语或moorland高沼地；荒野（沼泽，荒野；高沼地的草原）2、v.系住；使停泊苏格兰国菜 Haggis英国国菜 Fish and chips 北爱尔兰 potato eater勇敢的心，ass price Kilt 苏格兰裙 bagpipe n. 风笛vi.奏风笛 Ireland Irish 爱尔兰人Scotland 苏格兰England 英格兰wales 威尔士（西南）Scotch n.（一杯）苏格兰威士忌；苏格兰人；苏格兰英语adj.苏格兰（人）的；苏格兰语的Scottish adj. 苏格兰（人）的，苏格兰语的n.苏格兰人，苏格兰语美国荒野

14、 wilderness ? w? ld ? n? s the wildsferry v用渡船运 n.渡船liner 班船，游轮；内衬Vessel 'vesl n.轮船，大木船（非常正式的表达方式，用于文学体中，可以代替ship、boat）2、（人或动物的）血管，脉管；（植物的）导管Ship n.大船；舰艇 Boat n. 小船，艇（比ship小，在非正式的场合可以替换）Lifeboat raft dinghy canoe warship submarineaircraft carrier destroyer 驱逐舰 Battleship战歹U舰 cruiser 巡洋舰kru:z r f

15、rigate 'fr?夕t（小型）护卫舰cruise kru:z 乘船游览；以平稳的速度行驶；巡行蔓延，蜿蜒，蔓生，散漫蔓生的树枝蜿蜒的道路落后掉队straggle 'str?引v蔓延，散乱分布1) to grow, or spread in an irregular and untidy mannerstraggling hair零舌 L 的头发straggling branchesstraggling houses零落分布的房屋straggling roads2) drop behind while on the march; stray from the main roa

16、d dilapidated d ? ' l ? p? de? t ? d adj 破旧的，倒塌的(a building , vehicle etc. is old and inrunners straggling in 2 hours after the leader落后与领先者达2小时的落后赛跑选手very bad condition)rickety ? r? k? ti adj.要散架的，晃动的 (家具，建筑)晃动的要散架了 (摇晃的，不稳固的)a rickety boat loaded with goods a rickety wooden chairrickets软骨病/佝偻病

17、dilapiadated a 陈旧的，倒塌的This is a dilapiadated old house.Dilapidate d ? 'l ? p? de? t v使倒塌，使破损；浪费、荒废Dilapidation (n) 倒塌/Broken-downThis is broke-down lawn mowersardine n沙丁鱼，沙丁鱼罐头/rag n破旧衣服/(n.破布；碎屑vt.戏弄；责骂vi.变破碎；穿着讲究)an old beggar dressed in ragsgo from rags to riches白手起家，从布衣至U富翁（to become very ri

18、ch after starting your life verypoor）red rag 斗牛用的红布；激怒人的东西read the rag读编得很差劲的报纸feel like a wet rag 觉得非常累 （very tired）motionless adj 不动的 not moving at alleg. She stood motionless and silent with tears dimmed in her eyes.eg. The cat remained motionless, waiting for the mouse to come out of its hole.mo

19、vement通常抽象地指有 规则的动作或 定向运动，特指政治性的运动。motion指不处于静止状态而在移动的过程中，强调运动本身，而不涉及其动因procession pr ? ? se? n n 行列，成队的人群/ （人，车）行列，成群的人群（a line of people or vehicles moving slowly as part of a ceremony）the funeral procession a carnival procession ? k c? n? vl n. 狂欢节，嘉年华会the weddingprocessiona train of travelers （a

20、 long line of moving people） a camel trainprocess n. 过程，步骤，方法the chemical process the digestive processshawl ? ? ? l n 围巾，披巾（n.（女用）披巾，披肩；襁褓，（裹）婴儿用的包巾 v.用披巾包裹）muffler n. （Br）（厚，取暖）围巾scarf n. （长）围巾handkerchief 方巾，方帕peer v 凝视，盯着/ （指眯着眼睛仔细地或略为吃力地看。）squint v. 眯着（眼）看，瞄squint one's eyes 眯着眼睛- He squint

21、ed his eyes and looked at the letter.peer at 眯着眼睛看gaze 凝视，注视（常指长时间无意识地或因好奇、惊讶等而盯着看。）gape 目瞪口呆地凝视（指因惊讶或震惊而张着嘴、瞪大眼睛呆看。）glare 怒目而视（指长时间用愤怒的目光凝视着某人或某物。）stare 凝视，瞪视（指因生气、惊讶、思考等而瞪大眼睛长时间地注视某人或某物。）peep 窥视，偷看（尤指通过孔眼、缝隙等迅速地偷窥。）glance 瞟，瞥 （指粗略地匆匆一瞥。）（动作）She glanced about the room before she leftglimpse 瞥见 （指一瞥

22、之下看见某人或某物，但未看清全貌。） （结果） He glimpsed a figure at the windowquicken v 加快Enclosure n. 围场，圈地 ? n? kl ? ? ? ? （r） （四周有篱笆或围墙的场地）1、 C 圈占地；圈用地；围场2、 C （信中）附件postscript n. （信末签名后的）附言，又及; （正文后的）补充说明Enclose vt. 圈住，围起；封入，附寄Closure n. 结束 ; （永久的）停业，关闭; 电 闭合 ; vt. 使结束，使终止; 使停止辩论一、前缀en-的构词功能1 .加在某些名词前面构成动词，“置于之中”、“登

23、上”例如：encage （把关于笼中）， encase （把装入箱中）， encave （把藏入洞中），entomb （埋葬），enroll（把记入名册中）， enthrone （使登上王位）2 .加在某些形容词或名词前面构成动词，“使成某种状态”例如：enlarge （使扩大，放大）， enable （使能够）, enrich（丰富），ensure （确保），enslave（使成为奴隶），endanger （使遭危险），encourage （使有勇气，鼓励），二、后缀-en 的构词功能1 .接在某些形容词后面构成动词，“使变成”例如：shorten （使缩短），darken （使黑，变黑），

24、deepen （加深，使深），broaden （加宽），sharpen（削尖），richen （丰富），thicken （使变厚），quicken （加快），soften （使软化），harden （变硬、 硬化），weaken （变弱），fasten （使固定）， widen （变宽）2 .接在某些名词后构成动词例如：frighten（恐吓），hasten （加快），heighten （提高），lengthen （延长），strengthen （加强）3 .接在某些名词后构成形容词，“由制成的"、“似的”例如：wooden （木质白） , woolen （羊毛制的），waxen （

25、蜡制的，似蜡的），golden （金质的，似金的）， silken （丝的，如丝的），earthen （泥质的，泥制的）Text课文In this much-travelled world, these are still thousands of places which are inaccessible to tourists.in this much-travelled world （to travel a lot）在这个旅行频繁的世界上the much-admired leader倍受赞誉的领导most-talked谈论最多的 most-used 用得最多的eg. There are

26、still thousands of students who are inaccessible to computers-the most-used modern tool.Be accessible /inaccessible to do容易 （难以） 接近的We always assume that villagers in remote places are friendly and hospitable.Remote adj.遥远的；偏僻的；疏远的（ 时间、空间、人际关系疏远的、可能性微乎其微）n.远程remote sensing 遥感； 远距离读出remote control n.

27、 遥控； 遥控装置remote monitoring远品巨离遥控remote sensing data遥感资料， 遥感数据remote access 计远程访问；远程存取But people who are cut off not only from f oreign tourists ,but even from their own countrymencan be hostile to travellers.Not only form but form 强调介词，重复解释，同时要保持一致not only - but also = Not only but as well1、就近原则 2、倒

28、装3、it is - that强调结构 it is not only what we do, but also what we do not do, for which we are accountable. accountable 负有责任4、注意省略 a、not only but b、not only also c 、but .as well d 、只有 not only not only did I hear the car, I actually saw it crash5、not only but also连接主语时一般只用于肯定句，否定句时要用 as well as ,就远原则he

29、 as well as I doesn' t want to see the play.cut off from 把同隔开/切断（本意是）Cut off from : separate from /isolate from从分离，与相隔绝，老死不相往来（ 引申义）断绝往来eg. After the death of his wife, he cut himself off completely from the rest of the world.He is cut off from all his friends after he went abroad.cut off the el

30、ectricity 断电 cut off the aid eg. I got just cut off!（打电话）断线了 ！cut sb off 打断某人（的话）eg. The village is so cut off from civilization that it receives no visitors.people who are cut off not only from f oreign tourists ,but even from their own countrymen定语从句修饰peple不与本国同胞相往来的人，也不与外国同胞相接解的人（Such people who

31、are hostile to travelers are ones who are cut off from the society.）Visits to really remote villages are seldom enjoyable as my wife and I discovered during a tour through the Balkans.到真正遥远的山村参观很少给你带来乐趣的，As引导非限定性定语从句用破折号隔开。33课提及。不定式做定语，表示： 将来，或者特指注意这里的seldom ,我们的直接印象是频率概率类的副词，但也可修饰程度，只是仍有频率概率的语感Balk

32、ans ? b? :lk ? nz巴尔干半岛第一自然很重要，最好全文背下来。比如 In this much-travelled world ; We always assume that ; who are cut off not only from but even from 。通过这一段我们了解到为什么偏僻山村的人对人怀有敌意。是因为他们本身已经脱离了这个社会。We had spent several days in a small town and visited a number of 01d churches in the vicinity.These attracted many

33、visitors for they were not onlyof great architectural interest,butcontained a large number of beautifully preserved frescoes as well.be of + 抽象名词=be +adj.eg. The Big ben is not only of immense size, but is accurate as well.be of importance=be important be of interest=be interestingbut contained a la

34、rge number of beautifully preserved frescoes as well.beautifully preserved=/well preserved, carefully preserved被保存得很漂亮On the day before our departure , several bus 10ads of touristsdescended on the town .On the day before our departure在我们离开的前天Departure n. 离开；出发；违背（较正式用词，指经过周密考虑或郑重地离开，强调离开的起点。）depart

35、 vi. 离开；出发，起程；违反；去世 adj. 逝世的 depart from depart fordeparture from 离开；违反，违背 point of departure 出发地departure time出发时间；撤离时刻；起飞时刻departure date 启程日期；离开日期departure point 出发点；起程点；起航点Several bus loads of tourists好几辆坐满乘客的大巴1、bus是名词做定语，修饰这个load到底是有多大有多少的一个 load。譬如my paper work,我的纸质工作/我的作业/我的论文/.,这里的paper 一般是

36、名字，这里是作定语，说明是怎样的 work.2、load of是表示数量的.多少堆，多少辆车的容量,load一般用在车上啊，火车啊汽车啊手推车啊，.可以做"车".several loads of persons :数车人.loads of tourists是一个名词短语，这个名词短语作整个句子的主语.Load 1、vt &vi（向车辆或容器里）大量装入2/装载物3/量词：许多非正式4、vt（给武器）装弹药5、vt装填（胶卷、磁带或数据）6 、n负荷量loads of sth 一车，许多 10ads of sth 好几车a bus load of tourists满载

37、游客的一辆公共汽车two loads of hay两车干草two loads of goods a car load of visitors一车造访者work 10ad 负荷量，工作量take a load off one's mind卸下心里的担子eg. His quick recovery took a load off his mother' s mind.他迅速的康复，使他母亲卸下了心里的负担。loaded负荷的；装填子弹的；装好胶卷的；喝醉了的（美国俚语）；阔绰的（美国俚语）This was more than we could bear, so we decided

38、 to spend our last day exploring the countryside.more than can/could 难以 bite more than I can chew 猫王，my wayeg. The pain is more than I can bear.eg. The excitement is more than I can describe.eg. Such a complicated situation is far more than we could anticipate and deal with.bear v.（bore, born）1）承担，承

39、受bear a heavy load 肩挑重担 bear responsibility承担责任bear the costs承担费用bear a burden 承受负担bear expense负担开销bear pressure承受压力eg. My weight proved to be more than the thin piece of ice could bear.2） 忍受 can't bear sb doing stheg. I can't bear people smoking. （stand）eg. I can't bear the pain （endure

40、）bear children 生孩子bear fruit树木结果实bear a close resemblance to长得特另 U像Taking a path which led out of the town ,we crossed a few fields until we came to a dense woodCame to a dense wooda wood=woods,我们习惯于讲解 woods为森林，wood为木材，不可数，但那只是为了教授。小学时，不可数名词加s, woods,papers 试卷，文件，works,goods,greens 蔬菜，waters 某片水域Den

41、se 1、稠密的2、（烟、雾等）浓重的3、（物质）密度大的技术density 密度denseness 密集；稠密；浓厚densely浓密地；密集地We expected the path to end abruptly, but we found that it traced its way through the trees.Tracetrace its way继续向前延伸，trace跟踪他的路线，穿过树林，继续向前延伸make one' s way out of 挤出出/ fight one' s way 拼出一条路来，杀出一条路feel one ' s way 摸

42、出一条路来 / wind one ' s way 蜿蜓曲折 the river wind its way to the sea这条小何蜿蜓曲折的流向大海。eg. We traced the river to its far end.我们顺着河流的方向一直走到它的源头。eg. The hunters traced the winding mazes of the wood.猎人们在迷宫一样的森林里面搜索。eg. The road rambles through the dense wood.We tramped through the wood for over two hours un

43、til we arrived a deep stream.Stream小溪 可以是深溪一般而言，高考阶段的stream是小溪的意思但是我们也学过，“不临深溪”，中国叫做“山涧”Wecould see that the path continued on the other side. but we had no idea how we could get across the stream.表示这条路程继续向前延伸用continued ,相当于trace its way; on the other side指小溪的另一岸But we had no idea how we could get a

44、cross the stream 。 we had no idea 可以改成 we didn ' t know。how we could get across the stream是作同位语说明 no idea的内涵， 如果改成 we didn' t know 是how引导的宾语从句.,无论改成那种语气，后面的语句必须是陈述句，how we could.how引导的从句作idea的同位语get across the stream /get across the riverget one's idea across to sb把观点说清楚get one's mea

45、ning across to sb把意思所清楚get one's jokes across to sb使笑话让人明 白eg. They really get across me! (make me angry) get across the line 过分了Suddenly my wife spotted a boat moored to the bank. In it there was a boatman fast asleepa boat moored to the bank停在岸边的一艘小船 ，moored过去分词作定语。a boatman fast asleep一个睡得很香的

46、船夫，asleep只能作表语，如果作定语放在修饰词的后面。Fast副词修饰asleep , 一个睡得很香的船夫。PHRASE Someone who is fast asleep is completely asleep. 熟睡fast adv.迅速地；毫不耽搁地；紧紧地；彻底地go fast 走得特另1J 快run fast drive fast talk fastrain fast雨下的特别大hold on fast (tightly)紧紧地抓住get stuck fast (firmly)紧紧地卡住了eg. my leg got stuck fast in the mud.Fasten

47、vt 扣紧；系牢We gently woke him up and asked him to ferry us to the other side.Though he was reluctant to do so at first ,we eventually persuaded him to take usEventually 替换为at last ,因为毕竟是终于成功的，不要替换成in the end.The path led to a tiny village perched on the steep sides of a mountain.Lead to 通往steep指坡度向上逐渐增

48、加的斜陡坡，强调险峻，暗示难于攀登。sheer 指自始至终近于垂直的陡峭，不仅仅很难爬上去，甚至于不可能攀登。abrupt着重指地形突然起伏，形成尖角状。Perched,是栖息，及物动词过去分词作定语，视为定语从句必须用被动。高高座落在山坡上的一个小山村perched on a mountain作后置定语，修饰 villageperch n.禽鸟的栖木(引申)坐落于高处be perched on sthbe perched over sth eg. A monastery perched on a pass. eg. A temple perched on a cliff.A book ent

49、itled how to read thousands word in the minter一本题名为如何在一分钟内读1000字的The place consisted of a straggling unmade road which was lined on either side by small houses. Consist of主动形式表示被动straggling unmade 用来修饰 road, The place consisted of由什么组成是它的谓语动词，stragglingunmade用来修饰road ,这个地方是由乱七八糟的未人工修饰的路所组成，on either

50、 side用either作定词所修饰的名词必须是单数形式，作起的作用是一个复数概念。on either side = on both sides 。 Onbothside of roadwhich指代白是road, , which was是前面用过unmade,为避免重复用定语从句被动语态。Line vt&vi. 成排，排列 line up排成队，排好队；放成一列lined by/with排列着什么东西eg. The road is lined with tress on either side.eg. The old face was lined with wrinkles.他忧郁苍

51、老的脸上布满了许多皱纹。eg. The banks of river were lined with cherry trees.沿河两岸种着一排樱桃树。Even under a clear blue sky, the village looked forbidding as all the houses were built of grey mud bricks.Forbidding 与inaccessible相呼应，让人望而却步。As改成for没有问题。Forbidding adj. 望而生畏的，望而却步的-He has got a forbidding appearance. a forb

52、idding look令人畏惧的眼神a forbidding task困难的任务 Forbid 不允许Forbid sb to do sth -The father forbad his children to touch the clavichord.Forbid doing sth -Smoking is forbidden here.The Forbidden City 紫禁城 Forbidden fruit 禁果 Forbidden zone 禁区brick n. 砖头a house of brick/a brick housea brick wall砖墙 mud bricks 土坯T

53、he village seemed deserted, the only sign of life being an ugly-looking black goat tied to atree on a short length of rope in a field nearby.被废弃的，空空荡荡的。The village seemed deserted 这个村里没人居住，才显得空荡荡的。the only signof life being an ugly-looking black goat tied to a tree on a short length of rope in a fie

54、ldnearby.这句话没有谓语动词，不是完整的语句，没有连接词，简单句之间用逗号分开，没有连接词，逗号后面的内容是一个独立主格结构，进一步对前句作一个补充解释。the only sign of life唯一的生命迹象，ugly-looking喻境的描述十分重要，不喜欢这个村庄就用anugly-looking black goat,名词和现在分词搭配构成了一个独立主格结构。对前句进行补充说明。独立主格结构，with的复合结构逻辑主语+分词短语=构成独立主格结构eg. He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.eg. The sho

55、wer being over, we started out.eg. Her eyes dimmed with tears, she stared at me.Sitting down on a dilapidated wooden fence near the field, we opened a couple of tins of sardines and had a picnic lunch.Fence n.栅栏；围墙；剑术 vt.防护；用篱笆围住；练习剑术vi.击剑；搪塞；围以栅栏；跳过栅栏sit on the fence坐观虎斗 (to avoid saying which side

56、 of an argument you support)eg. The liberals prefer to sit on the fence while the other parties fight it out.All at once,I noticed that my wife seemed to be filled with alarmall at once 1、突然，猛然 =all of a sudden=suddenly2、一起，同时 Let's say 'Yes!' all at onceLooking up I saw that we were surrounded by children in rags who were looking at us silentlyas we ateLooking up , sitting down现在分词做短语。当我抬起头的时候。现在分词做时间状语，修饰sawI saw发出的一个动作。in rags修饰children °who were looking at