九年级寒假课程unit12第四讲杨丽娜

1、1.学会谈论或询问他人难以预料的事情2.掌握过去完成时had done的用法3.能够读懂以过去经历为话题的阅读材料学习目标Unit12 Words and Grammar 第四讲1. 词汇：unexpected, backpack, oversleep2. 短语：by the time., give .a lift 3. 句型：By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower. But before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. As I was

2、 waiting in line with other office workers,I heard a Loud sound. When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home.学习重点1.掌握本讲中的重点词汇、短语和句型2. 能够用英语描述或别人谈论过去的经历3. 正确理解过去完成时的用法学习难点 词汇和语言要点4.1 知识梳理 I.words and expressions wordsUnexpected，backpack，oversleepphrasesby the time., give .a lift I

3、I.Language points1. Life is full of the unexpected.unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的e.g. It will not be unexpected if Tom comes late again, because he is always like this.如果汤姆又迟到了，一点也不意外，因为他一向如此。2. By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.by the time 在以前,常引导表示过去的时间状语从句，主句常用过去完成时，即

4、had+动词过去分词e.g. By the time I got there, he had already left. 在我到那儿之前，他已经离开了。3. So I just quickly put on some clothes and rushed out the door.rush out 冲出去, 冲出e.g. Henry rushed out the room and disappeared in the rain.亨利冲出房间, 消失在了雨中。Julia rushed out and didn't return. 朱丽叶冲了出去, 再没回来。4. My alarm clo

5、ck didn't go off.go off 意为“（闹钟等）发出响声”e.g. My alarm clock goes off at six every morning. 我的闹钟每天早晨6点响。【拓展】（1）go off 还有“离开”和“（食物、饮料）变坏”的意思。e.g.Bob went off alone and has not returned. 鲍勃一个人去的，尚未回来。We haven't a fridge and the milk goes off within a day in hot weather.我们没有电冰箱，牛奶在热天一天就变质了。（2）常见go的

6、短语有：go over复习温习 go out出去 go down下降 go away 离开 go back 回来 go by经过；（时间）流逝 go on继续 go through 穿过；越过5. But before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.本句是含有时间状语从句的复合句，before是连词，意为“在.之前”，引导时间状语从句。【拓展】before作为介词，与after 相反（1).在.前面e.g.He is standing before the door. 他正站在门前。（2).在.之前(时间）e.g.He left

7、 for Nanjing the day before yesterday. 他前天离开南京。作为连词意为“在.之前”e.g.Think well before you decide. 再做决定前好好想想。I will do it before I forget. 我将在我忘记之前做这件事的。作为副词，意为“以前”。e.g.Have you visited London before? 你以前去伦敦游览过么？6. Luckily, Carl's dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.gave a lift 捎一程e

8、.g. Could you give me a lift, please? 请问你能否捎我一程？Jim gave me a lift on my way home yesterday.吉姆昨天在我回家的路上捎了我一程。典例分析题型一：单项选择 【例1】(2015年黑龙江中考)By the time I got to school, the bell_. A. rang B. has rang C. had rang 【答案】C 【例2】(2015年四川中考)You'd better _ the test paper before handing in it. A. go head B.

9、 go on C. go off D. go over【答案】D【例3】(2014山东中考)Laura opened the door and rushed into the rain_ I could stop her. A. until B. after C. before D. unless【答案】C 题型二：完成句子 【例4】(2013年甘肃中考)我今天早上睡过头了，等到我到火车站时，火车已经开走了。 I overslept this morning. By the time I got to the train station ,_. 【答案】the train had left 【

10、例5】我的闹钟没有响，所以我又起晚了。 My alarm clock _, so I got up late again. 【答案】didn't go off 【例6】请捎我一程，好么？ Could you please_? 【答案】give me a lift随堂练习一、单项选择(  )1. _the time she got up , her brother had already gone .A .When B .At C. Before D .By(  )2 . Please wake_ when you finish your work .A. up hi

11、m B. him up C .he up D. up he (  )3 . My mother _ when I got back . A .cook B .cooks C. was cooking D .is cooking(  )4. Have you _ overslept ? A . already B .never C .ever D .still(  )5 .By the time she arrived at the airport , the plane _ .A .has taken off B .was taking off C. had ta

12、ken off D. would take off 答案：1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.C二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空。by the time, wake up, rush out1. Tom _, running after his brother in the dark night yesterday.2. _ I was 10, I had been able to either play piano or violin. 3. _, Sammy! I have been late for you to go to school. 答案：1.rushed out 2.By the

13、 time 3.Wake up三、根据句意和汉语提示，填写单词。1. There will be an _ (意外的) surprise.2. The children _ (冲，奔) out the school when the bell rang. 3. Yesterday the girl _ (违反) the rule and her teacher was angry.4. When I was about to read my book, I found I _ (忘了带) it at home.答案：1.accidental 2.rushed 3.broke 4.left 语法

14、重点4.2 , 知识梳理I、过去完成时的结构 had doneII、过去完成时的基本用法1. 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，也常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。 e.g. By nine o'clock last night, we had gotten 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。 I had been at the bus stop for 20 minute

15、s when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。 2. 在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 e.g. I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已归还了我借的书。 She found the key that she had lost. 她丢失的钥匙找到了。 3. 过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard

16、,thought等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。 e.g. He said that he had known her well. 他说他很熟悉她。 I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。 4. 状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。如when,before,after,as soon as,till/until引导的. e.g. When I woke up, it had already stoppe

17、d raining. 我醒来时雨已停了。 She didn't go to bed until she had finished her work. 她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。 注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after的复合句中，因为这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。e.g. After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English. 马克思到达英格兰之后，努力提高他的英语水平。 5. 动词think,

18、 want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。 e.g. They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。 We had hoped to be able to come and see you . 我们本来希望能来看看你。 6. 过去完成时还可用在hardlywhen, no soonerthan, It was the first (second, etc) time (that)等固定句型中。 e.g. Ha

19、rdly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。 No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 他刚到就又走了。 It was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 这是他那一年第三次失业了。 典例分析 【例1】By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _ the dinner already. A had c

20、ooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked 【答案】A 【例2】She said she _ the principle already A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen 【答案】D 【例3】He asked me _ during the summer holidays. A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone 【答案】A 【例4】I _ 900 English words b

21、y the time I was ten。 A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt 【答案】C随堂练习一、括号里所给词的适当形式填空。1. When Tim get back home, he started to realize that the thief _ (come) to his house.2. By the time I received the letter, I _ (tell) the content of it.3. When I was born, I _ (cry) heavily the first

22、time in my life.答案：1. had come 2. had been told 3. cried 二、翻译下列句子：1.当他到达学校的时候，老师已经开始上课了。_2. 当我出来的时候，我爸爸已经离开家了。 _3. 在我拿书包以前我把门锁上了。 _4. 在我做完作业之前我妈妈已经回来了。 _答案：1. By the time I got to school, my teacher had already begun the class. 2. When I got out,my father had already left home. 3. Before I took my s

23、choolbag,I had locked the door. 4. Before I finished my homework,my mother had got back.课内检测用动词的适当形式填空1. We _ (paint) the house before we _ (move) in.2. That rich old man _ (make) a will before he_ (die).3. They _ (study) the map of the country before they _(leave).4. The robbers _ (run away ) befor

24、e the policemen_ (arrive).5. I _ (turn off) all the lights before I _ (go) to bed.6. Paul_ (go) out with Jane before he _ (make) a phone call.7. Tom _ (say) he_ (read) the book twice.8. Our plan _ (fail ) because we _ (make) a bad mistake.9. When the chairman _ (finish) speaking, he _ (leave) the ha

25、ll.10.The Reads_(have) lunch when I _(get) to their house.答案：1.had painted；moved 2.had made；died 3.had studied；left 4.had run away；arrived 5.had turned off；Went 6.had gone；made 7.said；had read 8.failed；had made 9.finished；had left 10.had had；got 课后作业Before every Mother's Day, you may rush around

26、 to try to find the perfect present. But stores don't carry what most moms want. Moms know you love them, but they like reminders. So on the next two pages, some kids shared what they appreciate (感谢) about their moms.I appreciate my mom because she helps me know when I'm wrong or right. When

27、 I don't know what to do, she is there. The thing I appreciate most about her is that she kisses my head every night.6 Amy, 11My mother shows me that she loves me in so many ways. She helps me with my homework, drives me to camps, makes delicious breakfasts for me and reads books with me. She is

28、 a great role model to me because she keeps studying while working a full-time job and taking care of our family. My mother is a great mom! Miles, 11What I appreciate about my mom is that she is funny and nice. When I am in any difficult situation, she is always the first one there. When I have game

29、s, she comes every time. She always pays attention to me. She knows how good I can be, and pushes me to do what I want to. Lisa, 13I love my mom because she is very different from most moms. She is my best friend and she is the only one who understands me. She helps me see the world in a different w

30、ay. She also pushes me to follow my dreams. I'll remember everything she did. Scott, 13根据材料内容选择最佳答案。(  )1. Amy likes her mother _ best.A. telling her what is wrong   B. kissing her head every night   C. helping her solve problems D. telling her what she should do( 

31、)2. The underlined words “role model” mean “_” in Chinese.A. 模特                              B. 帮手 C. 榜样         &#

32、160;                    D. 领袖(  )3. Who regards his or her mother as the best friend?A. Amy.                              B. Miles.C. Lisa.                              D.