专题13文娱与体育-五年高考2012018年英语阅读理解话题分类解读与训练解析版

1、专题13文娱与体育"文娱与体育是高中英语新课标话题之一，亦是高考常考话题，历年高考英语都可觅其踪迹。本话题包括影视剧、体育活动和比赛、锻炼等方面。通过该话题的学习和考查，可以让学生初步了解电影电视剧作、重视体育锻炼、了解国内外重大体育赛事等，促进他们的爱国热情。在近几年的高考英语当中，该话题常以听力、阅读理解、书面表达等形式出现，例如2017年新课标卷III书面表达，2016年全国卷III完形填空，2016年天津卷完形填空，2016年四川卷阅读理解A篇，2016年江苏卷阅读理解D篇,2015年全国卷II七选五及完形填空；2015年北京卷书面表达，2014年大纲卷阅读理解E篇，2014

2、年江西卷阅读理解A篇等。学加电链接.Passage1（2018年北京卷）体裁；话题词数难度建议时间说明文己A次跑马拉松3385分钟MyFirstMarathon（马拉松）Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredust

3、orunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.Helaterinformedmesthatnowathletic".TheideathatIwas"notathletic"stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbod

4、yandmind.Atestofwills!Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn'eVenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces（鞋带）becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!Atmile3,Ipassedasign:"GOFORIT,RUNNERS!"

5、;Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.Bymile21,Iwasstarving!AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.Iwasoneofthefinal

6、runnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels（世俗标签）,Icannowcallmyselfamarathonwinner.36. Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor.A.waswelltrainedB.feltscaredC.madeuphismindtorunD.losth

7、ope37. WhydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?A. Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.B. Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.C. Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.D. Toshareapreciousmemory.38. Howwastheauthor'firstmarathon?A.Hemadeit.B.Hequithalfway.C.Hegotthefirstprize.D.Hewalkedtotheend.39. Wh

8、atdoesthestorymainlytellus?A. Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.B. Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.C. Failureisthemotherofsuccess.D. Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了自己第一次跑马拉松，凭借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的励志故事。36 .C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead,可知，马拉松赛前一个月尽管作者脚踝受伤使得训练时间缩短，但作者仍下定决

9、心参赛。故选Co37 .C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwasnotathletic"可知，作者提到7年级的事情是为了证明自己真的没有运动天赋。故选C。38 .A【解析】细节理解题根据文章第10段卜vasoneoftheilnalnmneraEcfinish.Binifinished!Andigonamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethatth之guyvrhocameinfirstplacehad.可知，作者坚持至U了最后j而且得到了一块奖膊，虽然

10、不是第一名，由此可见他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选A。39 .B【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels（世俗标签）,Icannowcallmyselfa"marathonwinner",可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。【名师点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些

11、特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。此题中的前三题为细节理解题。细节理解题首先要根据题干准确定位信息句，其次要对信息句进行准确的理解和判断，如第一题为转述型，Iwasdeterminedtogoahead即madeuphismindtorun。第二题为语义理解题。根据文章第二段的信息InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoei

12、therwe町知，作者没有运动天赋。而第三题则为转述型，根据信息句Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.可知，作者跑完了马拉松，正好与madeit意义相同。Passage2（2018年新课标II卷）体裁；话题词数难度建议时间说明文早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处2236分钟根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouarealreadymaking

13、thetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37Yourmetabolism（新陈代谢）getsaheadsta

14、rt.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie（卡路里）burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.39 Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.40 I

15、fyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourself

16、toworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.A. Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B. Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C. Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D. Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E. Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.F. Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.GIfyoua

17、replanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup!【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处，号召人们早点起床，进行身体锻炼。36 .G【解析】根据空前的内容生活忙碌没有时间锻炼”和空后的内容晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处”，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中thenlistenup!（那么请仔细听！）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选Go37 .E【解析】根据上一句Exercisingmakesyoumoreawake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E项（你可以

18、在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释。故选E。3S.F【解析】空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会得到卡路里一整天都在燃烧的益处，F项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里G是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F项的进一步延伸中故选F.B项（你的睡39.B【解析】此处缺一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选B。40.A【解析】根据空后句子Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealth

19、yfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的食物选择。）”，A项（你将坚持你的饮食。）符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选AoPassage3（2016年新课标II卷）体裁；话题词数难度建议时间应用文娱乐方面的广告2815分钟What'sO?ElectricUnderground7.30pmT.00amFreeattheCyclopsTheatreDoyouknowwho'splayinginyourarea?Weg'yoebringdciitingeveningofliverockandpopmu

20、sicfromthebestlocalbands.Areyouinterestedinbecomingamusicianandgettingarecordingcontract（合同）？Ifso,comeearlytothetalkat7.30pmbyJulesSkye,asuccessfulrecordproducer.Hetotalkabouthowyousgnnfndtherightpersontoproduceyourmusic.GeeWhizz8.30pmT0.30pmComedyatKaleidoscopewillpleaseeveryone,fromtheyoungesttoth

21、eoldest.GeeWhizzreallyknowshowtomakeyoulaugh!Ourbarisopenfrom7.00pmfordrinksandsnacks（快餐）.ComeandseeGeeWhizzperform.Hesthefunniespststammedianonthecomedyscene.ThisjoyfulshowSimon'sWorkshop5.00pm2.30pmWednesdaysatVictoriaStageThisisagoodchanceforanyonewhowantstolearnhowtodocomedy.Theworkshoplooks

22、ateverykindofcomedy,andpracticesmanydifferentwaysofmakingpeoplelaugh.Simonisacomedianandactorwhohas10years'experienceofteachingcomedy.Hisworkshopsareexcitingandfun.AneveningwithSimonwillgiveyoutheconfidencetobefunny.Char10tteStone8.00pmT1.00PmPizzaWorldFinefoodwithbeautifuljazzmusic;thisisagreat

23、eveningout.CharlotteStonewillperformsongsfromhernewbest-sellingCD,withJamesPickeringonthepiano.ThemenuisItalian,withexcellentmeatandfreshfish,pizzasandpasta（面食）.Bookearlytogetatable.Ourbarisopenallday,andservescocktails,coffee,beer,andwhitewine.21. Whocanhelpyouifyouwanttohaveyourmusicproduced?A.Jul

24、esSkye.B.GeeWhizz.C.CharlotteStone.D.JamesPickering.22. Atwhichplacecanpeopleofdifferentagesenjoyagoodlaugh?A.TheCyclopsTheatre.B.Kaleidoscope.C.VictoriaStage.D.PizzaWorld.23. WhatdoweknowaboutSimon'sWorkshop?A.Itrequiresmembershipstatus.B.Itlaststhreehourseachtime.C.Itisrunbyacomedyclub.D.Itish

25、eldeveryWednesday.24. WhenwillCharlotteStoneperformhersongs?A.5.00pm730Pm.B.7.30pmT.00am.C.8.00pmT1.00Pm.D.8.30pm-10.30pm.【话题解读】本文属于娱乐方面的广告类阅读，分别介绍了四则广告ElectricUnderground>GeeWhizz、Simon'sWorkshop>CharlotteStone的具体内容及细节信息。整篇文章难度较小。21A【解析】细节理解题根据第一则广告最后一句He5goingtotalkabouthowyoucanfindther

26、ightpersontoproduceyourmusic可知JulesSkye可以教你SOf可制作音乐*那么如果你想做你自己的音乐，你就可以去找他。故A正确。22.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二则广告第三句Thisjoyfulshowwillpleaseeveryone,fromtheyoungesttotheoldest可知，这场表演能够让所有年龄段的人都开心。表演的场所在Kaleidoscopeo故B正确。23D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三则广告第二行中”5.00pm-7.30pmatVictoriaStage"可知SimoniWorkshop的表演是在每周三下午5点至7点30之

27、间进行，故D项正确*24.C1解析】细节理解题。根据第四则广告中的"8.00pm-l1.00pmPizzaWorld可知CharlotteStone将在晚上S点至11点之间表演她最受欢迎的歌曲。故C项正确口Passage4（2016年四川卷）体裁；话题词数难度建议时间应用文招聘1054分钟BasketballStatisticianHelpWantedTheAthleticDepartmentislookingforstudentstohelpassiststaffduringtheFall2016,Winter2016-17andSpring2017semesters.Studen

28、tsinthispositionwillbekeepinglivestatisticsduringbasketballgames.Studentsmustmeetallofthefollowingrequirements:GoodcomputerskillsAvailableeveningsandweekendsKnowingbasketballrulesandstatisticsStudentsinterestedinworkingfortheAthleticDepartmentshouldcontacttheAthleticCoordinatorattheirrespective（各自的）

29、campuses.TP/SSAthleticCoordinator,MichaelSimone,240-567-1308RockvilleAthleticCoordinator,JorgeZuniga,240-567-7589SpringfieldAthleticcoordinator,GaryMiller,240-567-2273GermantownAthleticCoordinator,GavriChavan,240-567-691521 .Whenwillthejobstart?A.InMay2016B.InMay2017C.InSeptember2016D.InSeptember201

30、722 .Whoismorelikelytogetjob?A. Sam,Englishmajor,memberofthecollegebasketballteamB. Judy,ITstaffwithnightclasses,children'sbasketballteamcoachC. Ted,computermajor,basketballfan,freeoneveningsandweekendsD. Molly,part-timeprogrammer,highschoolbasketballplayer,newmother23 .Whomshouldyoucontactifyou

31、wanttoapplyforthejobinRockville?A.Michael.B.Jorge.C.Gauri.D.Gary.【话题解读】本文是一篇广告，招聘一位电脑技术好，懂篮球并在晚上和周末有空的学生。21. C【解析】推理判断题中根据第一段第一句中的duringtheFall2016,Wimer2016-17andSpring2017sem印ers可知这项工作的工作时间为2016年秋天，2016至2017年的冬天和2017年春天故C项”在加16年9月”符合题意口22. C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的Studentsmustmeetallofthefollowingrequire

32、ments:Goodcomputerskills;Availableeveningsandweekends;Knowingbasketballrulesandstatistics可知学生必须满足下面要求：好的电脑技术；晚上和周末有空；懂篮球规则和统计学知识。故C项符合题意。23. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的RockvilleAthleticCoordinator,JorgeZuniga,240-567-7589可知B项符合题意。故选Bo事模板制媒Passage1体裁；话题词数难度建议时间说明文利用童话故事向移民介绍行为规范3506分钟Moscowcityauthoritieshave

33、begunusingcomicswithcharactersfromRussianfairytalestoexplaintomigrantshowtheyshouldbehave.Theysaya100-pageguideisneededto"maintainapositiveimage"ofthecityandcouldhelpreduce"tensions"betweennativesandmigrants.Butcriticshavepointedoutthatforeignmigrantsandnativesmaybeviewedasantago

34、nistsinthemanual（手册）.RussiansandmigrantshaverepeatedlyclashedinMoscowrecently.Manymigrantsfromex-SovietrepublicsinCentralAsia,theCaucasusandNorthCaucasus,arriveinMoscoweveryyear,attractedbythecapitaljobsopportunitiesandrelativelyhighsalaries.AsignificantnumberofthemworkintheRussiancapitalillegally.T

35、henewguideinRussianseekstoexplainthe"dos"and"don'ts"tomigrants.Theyareurgednottocaitrouble,bystaringatwomen,oreatingortalkingloudlyonthestreets.Theyarealsowarnedthatthepolicemayroutinelystopthemtochecktheirdocuments.Inthemanual,Russia'sfamous"threewarriors"areme

36、anttorepresentthecity'slawenforceiwhilePrinceYuriDolgoruky（ahistoricalcharacter）isusedfortoursaroundMoscow.Meanwhile,VasilisatheWiseandTheSnowMaidentestthereaderonRussia'slanguageandhistory.AspecialsectionofthebookexplainstheimportanceoffollowingMoscow'sstrictresidencyandemploymentruless

37、istrthatmigrantscouldotherwisebedeported（马区逐出境）orbannedfromentry.Themanualwaswrittenprimarilyforillegalmigrants,AlexanderKalinin,whoheadsthegroupSupportforWorkingMigrantsinMoscow,toldBBCRussian."Wewanttoraisetheirleveloflawawareness,"headded.Migrantcharactershadinitially（最初）beenidentifieda

38、srepresentativesofdifferentnationalities,butthebook'sauthorslaterdecidedtodropthisideasoas"nottooffendanyone",saidMr.Kalinin."TheoldconflictbetweenRussianheroesandnon-Slavicinvadersisbeingrevived,"YevgenyVarshaver,amigrationexperttoldBBCRussian.Healsosuggestedthatthelanguageu

39、sedinthebookwouldbe"difficult"tounderstandforsomemigrantswhowerenotnativeRussianspeakers.1 .Theunderlinedword"antagonists"inParagraph1canprobablybereplacedby""".".A.strangersB.acquaintancesC.cooperatorsD.opponents2 .PeoplefromothercountriescometoMoscow"&q

40、uot;.A.tofindwell-paidjobsB.tohaveanewlifestyleC.toenjoythefineclimateD.toexperienceanewculture3 .Thethirdparagraphismainlyabout"".A. consequencesthemigrantsmaysufferB. thepurposeofpublishingthehandbookC. themeasurestoattractforeignmigrantsD. charactersandtheirfunctionsinRussianfairytales4

41、 .Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A. WaystohelpforeignmigrantstosettleinRussiaB. CharactersfromRussianfairytaleshavenewjobsC. MoreandmoreforeignmigrantstoworkinMoscowD. Moscowfairytalecomicstohelpmigrantsbehave【话题解读】本文的话题是"俄罗斯城市管理者利用童话故事向移民介绍行为规范"，既为考生提供了新的信息，又反映了俄罗斯社会发展的趋势

42、。莫斯科市政府已经开始使用连环画，借助俄罗斯童话故事向外国移民讲解在俄罗斯如何行为处事。LD解析E司义猜测题。根据第一段申的"a100-pageguide.couldhelpreducetensions7benveennativesandmigrants”可知，这本手册可以帮畸解本土居民与移民之间的紧张关系，再由But可知，前后文之间存在转折关系，所以，此处表示批评者指出，在手册中外国移民和当地人可能被当作对手。故画线单词antagonists应与opponents同义*2.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Manymigrants.attractedbythecapi

43、taljobsopportunitiesandrelativelyhighsalaries"可知，很多移民来到俄罗斯的首都莫斯科是因为这里有好的工作机会，有相对较高的工资。故选A。3.B【解析】推理判断题。第三段首句为本段主旨句，表示这个指南试图向移民们解释在俄罗斯应该做什么,不应该做什么。再结合第三段的主要内容可知，这本手册旨在为移民提供指导，帮助他们更好地遵守俄罗斯的法律。故选Bo4.D【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要介绍莫斯科市政府使用连环画，借助俄罗斯童话故事中的人物，为外国移民解释在俄罗斯应如何行为处事。故D项正确。Passage2体裁；话题词数难度建议时间应用文伦敦新年大游行

44、期间所举行的音乐会广告3726分钟The30thannualLondon'sNewYear'sDayParade(LNYDP)willlightenuptheheartofLondononFriday,January1st.AspartofLondon'sNewYear'sDaycelebrationswehaveafineselectionofbandsandorchestrasperforminginuniqueplacesspeciallyfortheLNYDPpublic.Findallthedetailsandinformationhere:LNYDP

45、FestivalConcertSeriesWhere:CadoganHallWhen：7：30pm,26thDecemberWearedelightedtopresentaseriesofconcertsatCadoganHall.ThehallisthepresenthomeoftheRoyalPhilharmonicOrchestraandtheBrodskyQuartet,andhasaverymassiveprogrammeofconcertsandeventseachyear.LNYDPFestivalConcertSeriesWhere:StJohn'sSmithSquar

46、eWhen：7：30pm,26thDecemberStJohn'SmithSquare,inWestminster,isoneofLondon'majorconcertvenuesandfavoritehistoricbuildings.Valuedforitssuperbsoundeffects,itpresentsanextremelyvariedprogrammeofclassicalmusicthroughouttheconcertseason,rangingfromchoirsandsymphonyorchestrastosoloinstrumentalrecital

47、s(独奏会).LNYDPPreviewConcertWhere:TrafalgarSquareWhen：1:00pm,30thDecemberThisoutdoorfreeconcertisjustatasterofwhatyouwillbeabletoenjoyontheNewYearLICFGrandFinaleConcertWhere:WestminsterCentralHallWhen：7：45pm,27thDecemberWestminsterCentralHallbuiltin1912isaGradenlistedbuildinginaprimelocationoppositeWe

48、stminsterAbbeyandadjacenttotheHousesofParliamentandBigBen.Thisunique,historicvenuehasEurope'largestdomedceilingandisanimpressivelandmarkwithaneleganttheatreentrance.LICFGrandFinaleConcertJULIANBLISSSEPTET:ATributetoBennyGoodmanWhere:StJohn'sSmithSquareWhen：8:00pmThursday,31stDecemberOneofthe

49、world'sfinestsoloclarinetists,JulianBlissleadselpitet（七重奏）throughsomeofthegreattunesoftheswingeraofftheirdebutdisc,"BennyGoodman-TheKingofSwing,"aspartoftheEmoryAnnualJazzFest.Note:Onlineticketsalesendthreehourspriortothisevent.TheBoxOfficewillopenonehourpriortotheevent.1 .Whatisthesim

50、ilarityoftheeventsmentionedabove?A. TheyareallfreebecauseoftheNewYear.B. TheyaretohappenontheNewYear'sDay.C. TheyaretobeheldjustinthecityofLondon.D. Theyaimtoattractexcellentbandsandorchestras.2.1 fyouareinterestedindomedstructureyouwillgoto.A.StJohn'sSmithSquBeTrafalgarSquareC.CadoganHallD.

51、WestminsterCentralHall3.WhatdoyouknowaboutStJohn'sSmithSquare?A. Itwitnessesthelargestnumberofconcertsandevents.B. Ithasahistoryofmorethanonehundredyears.C. Itiswidelyacknowledgedforitssoundeffects.D. Itprovidesthelongestconcertseasoneveryyear.4.1 fyouwanttoenjoyafreeconcertyoucangothereon.A.Wed

52、nesdayB.TuesdayC.FridayD.Saturday【话题解读】这是一篇广告类的应用文，文章介绍了伦敦新年大游行期间所举行的音乐会。因为广告大多取材于英美国家的报刊、杂志等，所以该类文章语言地道、原汁原味。1 .Ct解析】考查推理判断，依据文中所给出的这些音乐会的时间可知，它们不是在同一天进行的，因此排除B项?尾段的网上售票说明有些音乐会不是免费的，故排除A项;第一段说会有优秀的乐队进行表演,目的是吸引人现看，故排除D项根据这几场音乐会的举办地点可知，它们都是在伦敦举行的，故选择C项小2 .D【解析】考查细节理解。本题的关键信息是题干中的"domedstructure”

53、,快速跳读文章寻找相关信息可知本题的答案来自LICFGrandFinaleConcert部分。3 .C【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二个LNYDPFestivalConcertSeries部分中的"Valuedforitssuperbsoundeffects"可知，StJohn'sSmithSquat啬响效果非常好。4 .A【解析】考查细节理解。文中提到的freeconcert是在TrafalgarSquare演出的，时间是1:00pm,30thDecember,依据最后一个节目的时间8:00pmThursday,31stDecember可以推算出30thDecemb

54、er是星期三。Passage3体裁；话题词数难度建议时间说明文奥运奖牌的起源、制作规格以及材质2696分钟ThemedalceremoniesattheOlympicGamesareoftenasexcitingtowatchastheathleticevents,andthehistoryandfactsbehindthecompositionanddesignofthemedalsareinterestingaswell.ThefirstmodernOlympicstookplacein1896inAthens,andthefirst-placeathletesreceivedasilve

55、rmedal.Eightyearslater,atthe1904GamesinSt.Louis,goldreplacedsilverasthefirst-placeaward.The1904Gameswerethefirsttimegold,silverandbronzemedalswereawardedforthefirst,secondandthirdplace.Eachmedalmustbeatleast60mmindiameterand3mmthick,buttheOlympicCommitteeofthehostingcitycandecidetomakethemedalslarge

56、r.Atthe2002OlympicsinSaltLakeCity,thegoldandsilvermedalsweretheheaviestevercreatedatthetime.Theywere84mmindiameterand10mmthickandweighed20ounces.Thegoldmedalisnotmadeentirelyfromgold.Itmustbe92.5%silverandplatedwithatleastsixgramsofgold.Thelasttimethefirst-placemedalsweremadeentirelyoutofgoldwasatth

57、e1912GamesinStockholm.Thesilvermedal,whichgoestothesecond-placefinisher,ismadeof92.5%silverandotherbasemetals.Thebronzemedalismadeofcopper,zinc,tinandaverysmallamountofsilver.Itisawardedtothethird-placefinisher.Forthe2008OlympicsinBeijing,thebackofthemedalwasinlaid（镶嵌）withajadedisk.Jadeisimportantto

58、Chinesecultureasitrepresentsbeautyandexcellence.1 .First-placeathletesstartedtoreceiveagoldmedalat.A.the1stOlympicGamesB.the2ndOlympicGamesC.the3rdOlympicGamesD.the4thOlympicGames2 .Thelargestgoldmedalswereawardedtothewinningathletes.A.atthe1896OlympicsinAthensB.atthe1904OlympicsinSt.LouisC.atthe191

59、2GamesinStockholmD.atthe2002OlympicsinSaltLakeCity3.1 tcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.A. thegoldmedalismostlymadeofgoldB. allofthegoldmedalsaremadeofpuregoldC. neitherthesilvermedalnorthebronzemedalismadeofasinglemetalD. thesilvermedalcontainshigherpercentageofsilverthanthegoldmedal4.Thepassagemainly