高一英语单元知识点总结

1、高一英语单元知识点总结Unit17-18 重点词汇 1. scholarship n. 奖学金；学问 2. graduation n. 毕业 3. surround v. 包围；围绕 4. central adj. 中心的；中央的 5. mild adj. 温和的 6. settle vt. 使定居；解决；使平静 7. harbour n. 海港 8. volcano n. 火山 9. surface n. 表面10. ship v. 用船运11. export v. 输出12. agricultural n. 农业的；农艺的13. possession n. 拥有；占有14. secreta

2、ry n. 秘书；文书15. conference n. 会议；讨论会16. cattle n. 牛；牲畜17. inspire v.鼓舞；启示；激发18admire v. 钦佩；羡慕19. generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的20. mean adj吝啬的；卑鄙的21. dishonest adj. 不诚实的22. champion n. 冠军；得胜者23. stormy adj. 暴风雨的24. threaten vt. 威胁25. bottom n. 底部26. optimistic adj. 乐观的27. somehow adv. 以某种方式；不知怎么地28. regret v.

3、 遗憾；悔恨29. value v. 重视；评价30. bother v. 烦扰；打扰重点短语1what become of sb. / sth. 某人 / 某物发生情况2 stand for 代表；支持拥护 3 increase to/by. 增加到/了 4struggle to ones knees 挣扎着站起来5 around the corner 即将来临；就在附近 6 refer to 涉及到；谈到；查阅7. clear up (天气)放晴；整理 8. be of high quality 很高的质量9. come to terms with 甘心忍受，妥协 10. rise to

4、fame 出名11. take possession of 占有，占领 12sign an agreement with 和签定协议13. turn to doing 转为做 14in relation to 与有关；关于15. as it is 以现在的样子 ；照原来的样子 16. lie in / to / on 位于17. the majority of 大多数 18. at the top of one's voice 高声地19. drop out 脱离；退出 ; 掉落 20. compare.with 和比较21.make a impression on sb. 给某人留下

5、印象 22. in good health 健康状况良好23. be surrounded with/by 被所包围 24.be made up of = consist of由组成25.knock sb. over = Knock sb. down 把某人撞到 knock on/at the door 敲门 knockoff 把某人/物从上撞掉 Knock into sb. 撞在某人身上 26. die out 死光，灭绝，消失 die away 指(风，声音) 逐渐消失 die for 为而死；渴望；切望 die down (风、火、光)等渐弱，(声音)静来27.含"make +

6、 介词副词”的短语 make for 走向，有助于 make into 把制成 be made from / of / in / by / out of 由制成 make up 弥补，拼凑成，组成，铺(床)。捏造虚构 make out 填写，完成，设法应付，领悟，弄明白，发现真相 make over 转让，改造28. 含up 的短语take up 对产生兴趣；从事；占用 bring up 抚养，教 come up 上来，抬头 eat up 吃光 end up 结束 keep up 保持 make up 组成，弥补pick up 拣起put up 张贴 stay up 熬 夜，挺住 set up

7、 建立 turn up 出现 wake up 醒来29.含 “with构成的动词短语” be fed up with 厌倦 be filled with 充满 catch up with 赶上 come up with 找到，提出(答案、解决办法等) get on well with 与相处融洽 quarrel with 吵架 stay / keep / be in touch with 与保持联系 end up with 以告终 keep up with 跟上，赶上 put up with 忍受 come to terms with 甘心忍受。使自己顺从于某事物 talk with 与某人交

8、谈 agree with 同意意见(想法)，符合，一致 disagree with 不同意 struggle / fight with 和战斗斗争 work with 用干，和工作 30.含“动词构成的of短语” be afraid of 害 be proud of 以自豪be full of 充满 hear of 听说 make use of 利用 speak highly of 称赞 think highly of 对高度评价 take care of 照顾照料 think of 认为，想起 take possession of 占有，占领 be sure of 对有把握 rob.of.

9、抢劫 think of.a.认为是单词聚焦1.admire 的用法 构词： admiration n. 钦佩，赞美羡慕 admirer n. 羡慕者，赞赏者，敬慕者 搭配： admire sb. for sth. 赞赏钦佩某人 express admiration for 对表示钦佩 in admiration of 赞美，赏识 with/in admiration 羡慕地2.affect 的用法 构词： affection n. 友爱，爱情 effect n.影响 affective adj. 情感的表达感情的 affected adj. 受到影响的，受(疾病)侵袭的，假装的，做作的 搭配:

10、 be affected by 受影响；被感动；患 have an effect on 对有影响3.bear 的用法 搭配：bear in mind牢记在心 辨析：bear; suffer; endure; stand这组动词都有“忍受”的意思。bear 和 suffer 可以表示“对强加的任何东西的忍受”， bear 侧重于表示“忍受沉重或堆办的事”。而suffer侧重于表示“忍受或经受令人不愉快的、甚至于痛苦的事”。例如： In the end, I could not bear it. 最后，我受不了啦。When my old friend Brian urged me to accep

11、t a cigarette, it was more than I could bear. 当老朋友布赖恩怂恿我接受一支香烟时，我就受不住了。endure 强调“长时间的忍受痛苦而不屈服”。例如： What can't be cured must be endured. 治不好的病就必须忍受。stand 表示“忍受令人生厌的事” Considering his home situation, he had to tolerate his wife. 考虑到家中的情形，他不得不忍让妻子。stand 常与 bear 通用，如果用词确切，stand 总包含着 “不退让”、“不畏缩”的“忍受”

12、之意。例如：He can stand more pain than anyone else I know. 他比我认识的任何人都更能忍受痛苦。4. inspire vt. 鼓舞，激励，启示 inspiring 鼓舞人心的 inspired 受鼓舞的 His advice inspired her to greater efforts. 他的忠告激励她更加努力。 The memory of her childhood inspired her first novel. 词组 inspire sb. to sth. 赋予某人灵感5.promise的用法 构词：promising adj. 有希望的

13、，有前途的 搭配： break one's / a promise 违背诺言，违约 make / give a promlse 答应，许诺 keep one's / a promise遵守诺言，守 I promise you. 我敢肯定；说句老实话； promise oneself决心，指望，期待 promise well 很有希望，前景很好1)promise sb. to do sth.句型中to do sth.是主语发出的动作作宾语而非宾语补足语2) promise +adj./to be 表示“预示着，有希望”如：This year promises to be anot

14、her good one for harvests 今年看来又是个分手年。6. regret vi. 遗憾，惋惜，悔恨 n. 遗憾，抱歉 构词： regretful adj. 后悔的，抱歉的，惋惜的，遗憾的 regretfully adv. 懊悔地，抱歉地 regretless adj. 无悔的，不后悔的，没有遗憾的 搭配： to one's regret 令某人遗憾的是 regret (to tell you / say) that. 遗憾；很抱歉 It is to be regretted that. 使人遗憾的是；真可 惜 I regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事 I

15、 regretdoing sth./having done sth. 后悔做了 I regret spending so much money on a computer我后悔花了这么多钱买这台电脑。 I regret to say I can not come. 我遗感地告诉你我不能来。7.run 的用法 构词： running n. 奔跑，赛跑。转动运转 runner n. 赛跑者 搭配： run for 竞选 run sb off sb's feet 使疲于奔命 run across 偶然遇到 run after 追逐，追踪 run into 碰撞；遇上偶然遇到；陷于。碰上(困境

16、、麻烦等) run out 用光，耗尽(不及物) run out of 用光耗尽8. settle vi. 安放，安居，定居 vt. 解决 构词： settled adj. 固定的，不变的，永久的；(账单上)付讫 结讫 settlement n. 殖民，移民；定居点；和解，解决，决定；清算，清账；财产的赠与settler n. 定居者 搭配： That settles it! (口)事情就这样定了!这就完了! settle down (使)平静下来；(活动一段时间后)舒舒服服地坐下，躺下；定居。成家settle (down) to sth 安下心来做某事 settle to do sth 决定

17、去做某事settle down 安下心来 settle into 习惯于 settle up 结清My son has settled in Beijing. 我儿子已定居在北京。They settled the dispute among themselves. 他们自己把这个争论解决了。9.surround vt. 包围，环绕 be surrounded by / with 被围住 The village is surrounded on all sides by hill. 拓展 surrounding adj. 附近的；四周的 The students in our school co

18、me from the surrounding area.。 surroundings n. 常用复数形式，意为“环境”。 The surroundings a child grows up in may have an effect on his development. 10. value n. 价值；重要性 You must realise the value of the dictionary. 你必须意识到这本字典的重要性。 be of (no) value 有(无)价值=be valueable good /poor value for money 值/不值这个钱，花钱合/不合算

19、拓展 value v. 评价，重视，珍视，估价 valuable adj. 贵重的，值钱的 valueless adj. 不值钱的，无用的 How do you value him as a teacher? 照你的评价他是个怎样的老师? I value your friendship very highly. 我非常珍惜你的友谊。11.seem 的用法Seem为动词，表“似乎，好像”。注意与appear的区别：两者都有“看起来，好像”的意思。Appear 强调外表上给某人某种印象，有时含有实质上并非如此的意思。Seem则暗示判断有一定的根据，这种判断往往接近事实。其用法为：1） seem+a

20、dj. 似乎是 The music seems sweet.2) seem+n. 似乎 He seems a soldier.3) seem to do 似乎做 seem to have done 似乎已经做 seem to be doing 似乎正在做.4) It seems that+从句，从句必须用陈述语气 It seems as if+从句，从句中可用陈述语气或虚拟语气。虚拟现在用过去式；虚拟将来用过去将来式；虚拟过去用过去完成时。 It seems as if she knew nothing about the event.12.百分数的表达方式百分数的表达方式为“基数词+perc

21、ent/percentage”。“百分数词+of”修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词的数应与of后的名词保持一致。 70 percent of the people present at the meeting today are teachers.13.find +复合宾语Find 为及物动词，表“发现，认为”，它后面常接宾语和宾语补足语，常用结构有：1）find +宾语+形容词+不定式如：I find English hard to master. 2) find + it +adj. +to do sth. 如 ：I find it hard to learn English.3) find s

22、b. doing sth. 如：When I entered the kitchen, I found my mother preparing supper.4) find sb./sth. done 如：He found his wallet stolen after getting off the bus.5)find oneself doing sth./in/at “意识到自己非本意地干某事或出于某地“。如：When he woke up, he found himself in hospital.14.somehow/somewhat/anyhowSomehow 是副词，意思是“以某

23、种方式；由于某种未知的原因；不知怎么”如：We must stop him from seeing her somehow. 不管怎么，我们都不能让他见到她。Somehow 常与or other搭配使用，表示“设法；由于某种缘故；以某种方式”如：Somehow or other I must get a new job.1)somehow的意思是“以某种方式；由于某种原因”等，相当于in some way or other 如：Somehow ,I dont feel I can trust you .得不能信任他。2）somewhat的意思是“有几分，稍微”相当于a bit 如：I was

24、somewhat surprised to see him.3)anyhow 的意思为“无论怎样”，相当于anyway.15. by +表时间的名词，“到时为止”。所在的主句用完成时，by后若跟过去时间，主句用过去完成时；后跟将来时间，时态多用将来完成时。如：By the age of 13,he had taught himself advancedmaths.By the end of this term, we will have learned ten units.词语比较1. journey tour, travel, trip , voyage (1) journey n. “旅行

25、，旅程”，指陆地的远程旅行。At first I was afraid the long joumey was too much for her. (2) tour n. 常指观光、考察等的环游旅行。 They fire on a wedding tour. 他们正在新婚旅行。 (3) trip n. “旅行”，指来往有定的短距离旅行。 I enjoy our trip to the seaside. (4) voyage n.“旅行”，指距离较长的漫长旅行，也可 指空中旅行。 He made a long voyage to Africa (5) travel泛指旅行各地，表示“旅行的路途远

26、，时间 长”。He came home after years of foreign travel.2. alone, lonely (1) alone 既可用作形容词，又可用作副词，意为“独自的(地)，单独的(地)”，侧重于说明独自一个人，没有同伴或助手，指的是客观情况。 alone 用作形容词时，一般与be动词连用，在句中作表语。例如：She is alone at home. 她一个人在家。 alone 用作副词时，修饰动词，放于动词后面作状语。 Han Mei was reading alone when the teacher came into the classroom. alo

27、ne用作副词也可作定语，意为“只有，仅仅”，相当于only,但必须置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后。 He alone was in the street. This year alone, we've already planted ten thousandtrees. (2) lonely只用作形容词，它在句中既可作定语，又可作表语，表示“孤独的，寂寞的”意思，该词带有浓厚的感情色彩，具有“渴望得到同伴”的含义，其比较级形式为lonelier。 lonely 用作定语时，意为“孤单的，无伴侣的，荒凉 的，偏僻的”。 At heart, I'm a lonely man. 内心深

28、处，我很孤独。 That's a lonely island. 那足个孤岛。 lonely用作表语时，可以表示“孤寂的，寂寞的”意 思。 We never feel lonely in America. 在美国我们从不觉得孤独。 I was alone, but I didn't feel lonely. 我独自一人，但我并不感到孤独。3. almost, nearly (1) almost一般指事实的陈述，而nearly则带有一定的感情色彩。 The book cost me almost 30 yuan. (只陈述事实) The honk costme nearly 30

29、yuan. (指嫌贵的意思) (2) almost 后可跟never, no, none, nobody, nothing 等具有否定意义的词，而nearly不能。 Almost no one got to school on time yesterday. (3) 在more than, any, too之前通常用almost，而不 用nearly。 Almost more than ten students failed in the exam. 不及格的学生几乎不止十个。 (4) nearly之前可用very, not, pretty修饰，而almost则不能。 It's ver

30、y nearly dark. Let's go home. 灭怏黑了，咱们刚家吧! 注意 有时almost与nearly可以以互换，但如果要表 达“差一点儿”，还是用almost确切。4.tooto; canttooTooto意为“太而不能”，to后接不定式，还可用于不定式的复合结构：toofor sb. to do sth.以为“太而不适合某人干”.canttoo=can nevertoo意为“怎么也不过分“ youcant praise the theory too highly.5. farther ; further 两者都是far的比较级，但他们在词义和用法上都有不小的区别。

31、Farther一般只用于表示距离的”较远“更远“；furhter既可表示有形距离的 “较远,更远”，还可表示程度上“更进一步”的意思。 句型诠释1. It has often been said that life is difficult as it is人们经常说生活本身是很艰难的。 (1)It is said that.是常见句型，意思是“据说；人们 说”，类似的结构还有： It is thought that / It is reported that / It is believed that / It is hoped that. 此句型也可变成sb. is said to do

32、sth. (2) as it is是固定结构，表示“根据现在情况看；就以现在这个样子”，常用于句子开头或结尾。 I thought things would get better, but as it is they getting worse. 我当初以为情况会好起来的，但事实上：却是每况愈下。2. Talk about the reasons why we admire great women 淡一谈为什么我们崇拜伟大女性的因。why we admire great women 是同位语从句，用来解释说明reasons。同位语从句前的名词在从句中不作任何成分。同位语从句的连接词的不仅仅 只

33、有that。whether, when, where, how, why都可用来引导同位语从句。 He can't answer the question how he got the money. I have no idea when he will he back. The suggestion where we should build our new factory should be considered.3. For women it sometimes seems twice as difficult. 对女人而言，这种困难要大两倍。 英语中倍数的表达经常用下列例句中的

34、几种办法： (1) 倍数 + (形 / 副) 比较级 + than This hall is five times bigger than ours. (2)倍数 + as + (形 / 副) 原级 + as. Asia is four times as large as Europe. (3) 倍数 + the size (length / width / height.) + of This street is four times the length of that one. 4. I found myself spending a whole day in my tent. 我发现自

35、己在帐篷里度过一整天了。 find oneself.意思是“发现自己(处于某种状态)；不知不觉地 后跟动词的-ing形式短语、过去分词 短语、介词短语作宾语补足语，常见的有这种用法的动词有：see / watch / catch / notice / hear / listen to / feel等。 I found myself in hospital when I woke up. Then I found myself surrounded by a group of boys. When I came in, I found him &ring his homework.5.

36、New Zealand is an important agricultural country,with cattle farming on the North Isled, while thehilly South Island has more sheep farms.with + 名词 + 现在分词过去分词动词不定式介词短语 /副词形容词构成 with 的复合结构，这种结构通常在句子中作定语或状语，作状语时，表伴随状况或原因。He likes sleeping with the windows open.He gave his seat to a woman with a baby i

37、n her arms.With Tom to help us we're sure to complete the task.He stood there with a group of children surrounding him.With a lot of difficult problems to be settled, the newlylected president is having a hard time.6.what has become of her她的情况怎么样了?该句中的 become of 常常构成这样的同定句型。例如：What has become of

38、 the injured driver? 那位受伤的司机情况怎么样了?“What has / will become of sth / sb?”means“whathappened / will happen to sth / sb?意思是“某人、某物情况(遭遇)怎么样了?”例如：What will become of her children if their mother dies?7onthe third day I was struggling through stormyather and during the next week the wind grewstronger and

39、I found myself spending a whole day in mytent.该句中的grow常常作系动词，意思是“逐渐变得”。例如：The music grew faint as the band marched away. 音乐随着乐队走远而渐渐减弱。系动词常常分为五类： 有be； 感官：feel, smile,taste, look, sound； 变化：become, grow, get, turn,go, fall, come； 好像：appear, look, seemt 保持：keep, remain, stay, lie等等，系动词没有被动语态。很少用进行时态。例

40、如：Please keep still while taking photos. 照相时，请保持安静。The mixture tasted very terrible. 这种混合物尝起来很可怕。8.Oprah Winfrey is not just a very successful TVpersonality in the US, she is also a woman who has in-spired millions欧普拉温弗丽不仅仅是美国一位成功的电视名人，而且还是位鼓舞了千百万人的女性。该句中的not just / only.(but) also. 为并列连词。连接两个简单句。例如：Singers of the country music do not just come from theStates also from al