Languagepoints(2)

1、12341. Nearly 3500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pain and fever. possess vt. 拥有，具有拥有，具有 e.g. The province possesses rich mineral resources. 该省拥有丰富的矿藏。该省拥有丰富的矿藏。52. The first trials of this medicine took place i

2、n 1899, when the company Hoffmann worked for began distributing the medicine in power form to physicians to use with patients. 1) trial n. 试验试验 e.g. The trials show that smoking will do harm to people. 试验显示抽烟对人体有害。试验显示抽烟对人体有害。62) 短语短语 in form/in the form of 意为意为“以以形式形式”。 e.g. Many people express the

3、ir needs in the form of complaints. 许多人通过抱怨来表达自己的需许多人通过抱怨来表达自己的需 求。求。73. Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that vital adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的极其重要的，必不可少的当它作表语并后接从句时，从句中的谓语当它作表语并后接从句时，从句中的谓语要用要用“(should)+动词原形动词原形”的形式。的形式。e.g. It is vit

4、al that every piece of equipment (should) be checked before the experiment.实验之前检查所有设备是至关重要的。实验之前检查所有设备是至关重要的。84. Fleming tried this mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too. try something out on 意思是意思是“在在上试验某物上试验某物”。 e.g. The drug has not been tried out on humans yet

5、. 这种药物尚未进行过人体试验。这种药物尚未进行过人体试验。95. Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks, because it helped the blood circulate better. circulate vi. & vt. 循环；传播，循环；传播， 散布；传递，传阅散布；传递，传阅10e.g. The document was previou

6、sly circulated in New York at the United Nations. 这份文件先前在纽约的联合国总部这份文件先前在纽约的联合国总部传传 阅阅过。过。 Cooking odors can circulate throughout the entire house. 做饭的香味可以做饭的香味可以传到传到家里的各个角落家里的各个角落 。116. Second, it was difficult to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective. effective adj. 有效的；

7、实际的，有效的；实际的， 事实上的；生效的事实上的；生效的 e.g. Simple antibiotics are effective against this organism. 一般的抗生素能够一般的抗生素能够有效有效对抗这种微对抗这种微 生物。生物。 12They have had effective control of the area since the security forces left.自从安全部队撤离后，他们自从安全部队撤离后，他们实际上实际上控控制了该地区。制了该地区。The new rules will become effective in the next fe

8、w days.新规定将在几天后新规定将在几天后生效生效。131. Nearly 3,500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever. 14 句子结构分析：句子结构分析： 句中句中made from leaves 是过去分词短是过去分词短语，用作语，用作a kind of tea 的后置定语；的后置定语； possessing a special chemical 是

9、现在是现在分词短语，用作分词短语，用作leaves的后置定语。的后置定语。152. It was in 1897 that a European chemist called Dr Felix Hoffmann produced aspirin from this medical. 1) 句子结构分析：句子结构分析：这是一个强调句型，对时间这是一个强调句型，对时间“in 1897”进行强调。进行强调。a European chemist produced aspirin为句子主干；为句子主干；called Dr Felix Hoffmann为动词过去分词短语作为动词过去分词短语作定语；定语；f

10、rom this chemical为介词短语为介词短语作状语。作状语。162) 语言知识分析：语言知识分析：It was in 1897 that .强调时间强调时间“in 1897”，意为意为“就是在就是在1897年年”。 a European chemist called Dr Felix Hoffmann意为意为“一个名叫一个名叫Dr Felix Hoffmann的欧洲化的欧洲化学家学家”， called Dr Felix Hoffmann相当相当于定语从句于定语从句who was called Dr Felix Hoffmann。173. The first trials of thi

11、s medicine took place in 1899, when the company Hoffmann worked for began distributing the medicine in powder form to physicians to use with patients. 1) 句子结构分析：句子结构分析：在这个长句中，在这个长句中，The first trials of this medicine took place in 1899 是主句；是主句；when the company .是定语从句，修饰是定语从句，修饰时间时间1899；18在定语从句中，在定语从句

12、中，the company began distributing the medicine to physicians是是主句主句； Hoffmann worked for是定语从是定语从句，修饰句，修饰company；in powder form 为为介词短语作定语，修饰介词短语作定语，修饰medicine；to use with patients作目的状语。作目的状语。192) 语言知识分析：语言知识分析：the company Hoffmann worked for意为意为“Hoffmann为之工作的公司为之工作的公司”。204. Not only has aspirin proved

13、vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with. 21 句子结构分析：句子结构分析：（1）句中句中not only位于句首，位于句首， 其所在的其所在的分句要用倒装结构，分句要用倒装结构，but also后的分句后的分句不用倒装。不用倒装。如：如：Not only did the poor man lose his job, but he was also sent to prison. 这个可怜的人不仅丢了工作，这个可怜的人不仅

14、丢了工作，而且还被送进了监狱。而且还被送进了监狱。 （2）句中）句中that aspirin can help with为为定语从句，修饰前面的定语从句，修饰前面的other things。22 If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world, it is like that you will find aspirin and penicillin. 考点考点 同位语从句同位语从句考点考例考点考例23考例考例 A warm thought suddenly came to me _

15、I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthdayA. if B. when C. that D. which点拨点拨 选。从句中成分齐全，选。从句中成分齐全，that在从在从句中不作成分。句中不作成分。242. It was in 1897 that a European chemist called Dr Felix Hoffmann produced aspirin from this medical. 考点考点 强调句型强调句型: it is . that / when / who .25考例

16、考例1 He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller. When was _? _ was in 2000 when he was still in college. A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It26点拨点拨 选选D。that是指示代词，用来指前是指示代词，用来指前面提到的事；第二个空是强调句型面提到的事；第二个空是强调句型it is . when .， 强调时间状语，回答第二个句强调时间状语，回答第二个句子中对时间的提问。子中对时间的提问。27