高中英语句子成分和结构讲解课件(共31张PPT)

1、英语句子成分与结构英语句子成分与结构nounadj. / adv.infinitiveV-ing V-edetc.主主语语谓谓语语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾补宾补表语表语宾语宾语(间间)宾语宾语(直直)Vt系动词系动词ViNoun / PronounThe + adjV-ing / ClauseInfinitiveNoun / Pronoun / The + adjV-ing / Clause / Infinitivebe / feel / seem / lookappear / stand / lie become /get / grow / turn go / come / remain/ kee

2、ptaste / smell etc. nounpronounadj. / adv.infinitiveV-ing / V-edclauseetc.Members of a sentence 主语主语 subject 谓语谓语 predicate 宾语宾语 object 表语表语 predicative 宾补宾补 complement 定语定语 attribute 状语状语 adverbial 同位语同位语 appositiveI met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.主主语语谓谓语语定定语语宾宾语语同同位位语语状状语语主语（主语（su

3、bject）句子说明的人或事物,主语一般位于_ 。句首句首Lily llikes her new bike.To learn English well is not easy. How many do you want? - I want two. They sent the injured to hospital. They asked to see my passport. I enjoy working with you. Did you write down what he said? (数词数词)(名词化的形容词名词化的形容词)(三三)宾语（宾语（ object ）动作的对象或承受者

4、，动作的对象或承受者，由由n.或相当于或相当于n.的词担任。的词担任。置于置于_或或_之后。之后。（不定式）（不定式）（动名词）（动名词）（句子）（句子）及物动词及物动词介词介词 通常情况下，指物的叫直接宾语，指人的叫间通常情况下，指物的叫直接宾语，指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语多放在直接宾语之前。接宾语。间接宾语多放在直接宾语之前。间接间接宾语宾语直接直接宾语宾语please pass me the book.He bought his girlfriend some flowers.He gave me some books.前置定语前置定语后置定语后置定语 I found the book

5、interesting. Do you smell something burning? He made himself known to them. （六）宾语补足语（六）宾语补足语 （object complement）We have two children, a boy and a girl.The man, my teacher, never rides a bike.表时间：yesterday, today, tomorrowShall we go shopping today or tomorrow?表地点：in China, at the airportI saw a stud

6、ent in the classroom.表原因: because, as, for, sinceBecause he was ill, he didnt go to school today.表结果：to+do, v+ing, 从句The boy fell off the tree, striking his head against the ground.表目的:in order to, in order that, for the purposeIn order to get into a better school, I must study even harder .表条件: as/

7、so long as, if, unless,As long as you study hard, you can get a high mark.表让步: in spite of, despite, although, thoughHe helped me although he didnt know me.表程度: very, enough, to some extentThe scenery there is very beautiful.表方式: like that, as, as ifDont look at me like that!表伴随状况：The teacher came i

8、nto the classroom, catching a book in his hand.with画出下列句子的状语画出下列句子的状语 I will be back in a while. They are playing on the playground. He was late because he got up late. He got up so late that I missed the train. I waited to see you. He often went to school by bus. His parents died, leaving him an or

9、phan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his illness.指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5

10、. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.9. His wish is to become a scientist.10. Do you have anything else to say?Five basic sentence pattern英语五大基本句型英语五大基本句型 一一: (主谓主谓)

11、二二: (主系表主系表) 三三: (主谓宾主谓宾) 四四: (主谓间宾直宾主谓间宾直宾) 五五: (主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补)1.(主谓主谓)是是不及物动词不及物动词1. The sun rose. 2. What he said does not matter. 3. They talked for half an hour. 2.+(系动词系动词)+(表语表语) 1. The dinner smells good. 2. Everything looks different. 3. Our well has gone dry. 4. His face turned red. 3. S+V+O

12、(V是及物动词是及物动词)例如：1. I saw a film yesterday.2. They built a house last year.3. You should look after your children well.4. S+V+O1+O2 (V是及物动词是及物动词)在此句式中，V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的带有双宾语的动词有give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, buy, get, rob, warn等。例：she ordered herself a new dress.she cooked her h

13、usband a delicious meal.5. S+V+O+C The war made him a soldier.New methods make the job easy.Tips：宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系a. b. c. d. e. 1. Please tell us a story. _2. She smiled. _3. His job is to train swimmers. _4. He noticed a man enter the room. _5. Please look at the picture. _dabec Practice Nobody went.She became a doctor.The car caught fire.I will write you a long letter.I will let him go. 主主 + 谓谓主主 + 系系 + 表表主主 + 谓谓 + 宾宾主主 + 谓谓 +间接宾语间接宾语 +直接宾语直接宾语主主 + 谓谓 +宾宾 + 宾补宾补