初中英语阅读理解之教育类

1、初中英语阅读理解之教育类Passageone“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Perhapsnotmanystudentscanunderstandthisbetterthan22-year-oldMichaelHa.Becauseofhisstoryofsuccess,hehasbecomeanexampleofyoungpeople.MichaelHawasborninaverypoorfamily.HisparentsworkedinVietnambeforetheymovedtoBritainin1980.TheycouldntfindworkinBrita

2、inbecausetheyspokelittleEnglish.Thewholefamilyhadtoliveonbenefits（救济金）andtheylivedinasmallhouseinHackney,apoorareainEastLondon.GrowingupisnoteasyforMichael,buthenevergaveup.Attheageoften,hesethisheartongoingtoCambridgeUniversity.Itwasnoteasy,either.Michaelstudiedataschool,whichusedtobecalled“thewors

3、tschoolinBritainyoungMichaelmadehismindtotryhisbest,nomatterwhatkindofschoolhewasstudyingat.Thesmartboystudiedveryhardanddidwellineverysubjectatschool.Oncehemadeabetwithhisfriendtolearnfurthermath.Asaresult,afterjustspendingfourmonthsteachinghimselffromatextbook,hegotanAinAS-levelfurthermath.NowMich

4、aelisthestarmedicalstudentinJohnsCollege,Cambridgeandhasjustwonanawardforhisexcellentgrades.Hehopeshewillbeaninspirationforotheryoungpeoplefromdisadvantagedbackgrounds.1. WhenwasMichaelborn?A.In1994B.in1980C.in1900D.in19842. WheredidMichaelsparentsworkbefore1980?A.inBritainB.inVietnamC.inCambridgeD.

5、inHackney3.whatdoesMichaellearnaboutinCambridgeUniversity?A.EnglishB.HistoryC.GeographyD.Medicine4. whichofthefollowingisTURE?A. MichaelsparentscouldntfindworkinBritainbecausetheyhadlittleworkexperienB. MichaelhadadreamofstudyingatCambridgeuniversitywhenhewaselevenyearsold.C. togetanAinAS-levelfurth

6、ermath,Michaelspentfourmonthsteachinghimself.D. Michaelhaswontwoawardsforhisexcellentgrades.5. whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Howtodealwiththedifficulties.B. Howtobecomeagoodstudent.C. FromapoorareatoCambridgeD. From“worstschooltoCambridgeUniversity.PassagetwoItaslong-awaiteddayforChina.Thenavynow

7、hasitsfirstaircraftcarrier（航空母舰）,Liaoning.Itsauniqueexperiencetogettoknowthelifeinthecarrier.Thecarrierisjustlikeasmallcityonthesea.Ithasallthefunctionsfordailylife.Thereare4wordstosumupitscharacters:big,small,muchandhigh.ThecarrierLiaoningissuchahugeonethatthetotallengthofthewholecorridor（过道）couldr

8、eachover20kilometers.Butthelivingspaceforthesailors（水手）isquitesmall.ThatIsecausethecarrierisdesignedforresearchingpurposes,ratherthancomfortableliving.Over1,000sailors,bothmenandwomen,arelivingonboard.Theyarearrangedamongover3,000tinyroomsbelowthedeck.Forvisitors,itssoeasytogetlost.Soifirstthingthen

9、ewsailorshavetolearnistheirwayaround.Thenumberoffemalesailorsismuchlessthanthatofthemales,takingabout5percentofthetotal.Buttheyplayakeyroleincarryingoutsomespecialmissions.Also,youwillbesurprisedbythehighlevelofeducationoftodaycaptainsai&sailors.Thethatover90percentofthesailorsarecollegegraduates.Si

10、xholdDoctorsDegreesand45Masters.Thewholeteamisyoungbutvigorous.Thecomplexworkonthecarrierrequireshighmanagementabilitiesforthecommandersonboard（在舟心上）.1Whydowevisitorsgetlosteasilyinsidethecarrier?A. Becausetheydonthaveamap.B. Becausethelivingspaceisquitesmall.C. Becausetherearetoomanycorridorsforroo

11、ms.D. Becausethecorridorinsidethecarrieristoolong.2WhatdoesthewordhighinLine6referto（指代）?A. Theaircraftcarrierishighsinceitisjustlikeasmallcity.B. Mostofthesoldiersreceivedgoodeducation.C. Theexpense（花费）torunacarrierishigh.D. Thehigh-leveloftheirtraining.3WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepa

12、ssage?A. Liaoningisourcountrysfirstaircraftcarrier.B. Mostofthesailorsonthecarrierarecollegegraduates.C. Therearefarfewerwomensailorsthanmensailorsonthecarrier.D. Itiscomfortableforthesailorstoliveinthecarrier.PassagethreeHowdoyoustudyeachday?Youmayansweritinonesecond:haveclassesatschool,takenotesan

13、ddohomework.Feelingalittlebored?Thereareotherwaysthatcanmakelearninginterestingandvaried.Itscalleddigitallearning.DigitallearningisawaytohelpstudentslearnbyusingtheInternet.Therearethreeimportantkindsofdigitallearning.Appsarecomputersoftwareapplications（应用）.Peoplecandownloadthemontheirmobiles.Theoth

14、ertwokindsaresocialnetworkingservices,includingweiboandWeChatandwebsites.Everyoneofthemislikeyourteacher.Theyhelpyoumasterwhatyoulearnatschool.Comparedwithtraditionallearningways,digitallearninghasitsadvantages.Digitallearningisalsovaried.Itcoversalmosteveryschoolsubject.Moreimportantly,italwaysoffe

15、rsstudentsthenewestresources（资源）tolearnfrom.Digitallearningisalsopersonalized.Youcanchoosewhatyouliketolearn.Ifyoudontmasterwhatyouhavelearnedatschool,youcanlearnagainthroughdigitalways.However,digitallearningalsohasdisadvantages.Whenyouusedigitalwaystolearn,youvegotlittlechanceoftalkingwithteachers

16、andclassmates.Asdaglearningusescomputersorsmartphones,watchingthescreentoolongmaybebadforyoureyes.Itisbettertotakearestevery20minutes.1. Howdostudentsusuallystudyeverydayaccordingtothestory?A. Haveclassesatschoolanduseonlinetoolsathome.B. Haveclassesatschool,takenotesanddohomework.C. Learnthroughdig

17、italwaysandhaveclassesintheclassroom.D. Haveclasses,takenotesanddohomeworkatschool.2. Threeimportantkindsofdigitallearningarementionedinthepassage.Theyare.a.Aputersd.websitese.mobilesf.weiboandWeChatA.abfB.adfC.bceD.cde3. Theunderlinedword“masterinParagraph2mostprobablymeans“A.复习B.分析C.掌握D.归纳4. Whati

18、stheproblemofdigitallearning?A. Youcantcommunicatewithyourclassmatesorteachers.B. Youhavetousebothcomputersandsmartphones.C. Youcantdecidewhatyouwanttolearnbyyourself.D. Itmpossibletolearnfromthenewestresources.5. Howcanyouprotectyoureyeswhenlearningindigitalways?A. Trytotakearestfor20minuteswhenwat

19、chingthescreen.B. Trytousetraditionalwaystolearnasoftenaspossible.C. Trytotakeabreakeverytwentyminutesifpossible.D. Trytolearnthroughdigitalwayslessthan2hoursaday.PassagefourManypeoplegotoschoolforeducation.Theylearnlanguage,history,politics,geography,physics,chemistryandmath.Othersgotoschooltolearn

20、askillsothattheycanmakealiving.Schooleducationisveryimportantanduseful.Yet,noonecanlearneverythingfromschool.Ateacher,nomatterhowmuchheknows,cannotteachhisstudenteverythingtheywanttoknow.Theteacherjolsistoshowhisstudentseverythingtheywanttoknow.Inmodernworld,theteachersjobistoshowhisstudentevhtolear

21、n.Heteachesthemhowtoreadandhowtothink.So,muchmoreistobelearnedoutsideschoolbythestudentsthemselves.Itisalwaysmoreimportanttoknowhowtostudybyoneselfthanmemorizesomefactsoraformula.Itisquiteeasytolearnacertainfactinhistoryoraformulainmath.Butitisverydifficulttouseaformulainworkingoutamathproblem.Great

22、scientistsbeforeusdidngeteverythingfromschool.Theirteachersonlyshowedthemtheway.Edisondidnetvenfinishprimaryschool.Buttheywereallsuccessful.Theyinventedsomanythingsforus.Thereasonfortheirsuccessisthattheyknewhowtostudy.Theyreadbooksthatwerenottaughtatschool.Theywouldaskmanyquestionsastheyread.Theydi

23、dthousandsofexperiments.Theyworkedhardalltheirlives,notwastingasinglemoment.Abovealltheyknewhowtousetheirbrain.1. Peoplegotoschool.A. tolearnseveralsubjectsB.togetaneducationC.tomakealiving2.Accordingtothepassage,themostimportantthingateachershoulddois.A.toteacherhisstudentseverythingheknowsB. tokno

24、weverythingC. toteachthestudentshowtostudybythemselves3. Toworkoutamathproblem,youneedtoknow.A.onlyacertainformulaB.howtomemorizeC.thewaytosolveit4. Whyweremanyscientistssosuccessful?ATheyknewhowtolearnB.TheywereverycleverCTheyreceivedgoodeducation5. Howdidgreatscientistsstudy?A.Theyreadalotofbooksa

25、ndaskedmanyquestionswhilereading.B.Theydidthousandsofexperiments.C.BothAandB.PassagefiveAreyoucarryingtoomuchonyourbackatschool?ImsurelotsofchildrenofyouragewillsayYes”.NotonlythestudentsinChinahavethisproblem,butchildrentheUnitedStatesalsohaveheavyschoolbags.Doctorsarestartingtoworrythatyoungerandy

26、oungerstudentsarehavingbackandneckproblemsasaresultofschoolbagsbeingtooheavyforthem.Itshardformetogoupstairswimybagbecauseitssoheavy,“saidRickHammon-yeanr-oldstudentintheUS.Rickisamongstudentswhohavecommonschoolbagswithtwostraps（带子）tocarrythem,butmanyotherstudentschooserollingbags.Butevenwithrolling

27、bags,gettingupstairsandbusesisstillaproblemforchildren.Manyofthemhavehurttheirbacksandnecksbecauseoftheheavyschoolbags.Buthowmuchistoomuch?Doctorssaystudentsshouldcarrynomorethan10%to15%oftheirownbodyweight.ScottBautch,abackdoctor,saidchildrenunder4shouldstaywith10%.Butitisalsoimportantthatolderchil

28、drendonstaywithover15%,becausetheirbodiesarestillgrowing.“Childrenarelosingtheirbalance（平衡）andfallingdownwiththeirschoolbags.Hesaid.Parentsandteachersarestartingtotellchildrentoonlytakehomelibrarybookstheywillbereadingthatnight.Someteachersareusingpiecesofpaperorthinworkbooksforstudentstotakehome.On

29、eofthebestansweris,assomechildrensaid,tohavenohomeworkatall!1. Fromthepassagewecanknowthat.A. onlychildreninChinacarrytooheavyschoolbagsB. childreninothercountriesdontcarrytooheavybagsC. bothchildreninChinaandtheUScarrytooheavyschoolbagsD. onlychildrenintheUScarrytooheavyschoolbags2. Ifachildcarries

30、aheavyschoolbag,.A. hisbackandneckwillbehurtB. hisheadandarmwillbehurtC. hishandswillbehurtD. hisfeetwillbehurt3. Accordingtothedoctor,ScottBautch,ifachildinGrade5weighabout30kilos,theschoolbaghecarriesshouldnotbeover.A.5kilosB.3kilosC.5.5kilosD.4.5kilosPassagesixIfyougotoafastfoodrestaurant,youwill

31、probablyseealotofteenagers（青少年）.Today,manyteenagersareoverweight,andsomeofthisisbecauseoftheirbadeatinghabits.Mostteenagerslovefoodwithalotoffat,oil,salt,andsugar.Peopleoftencallthiskindoffood”junkfood”.Butbadeatinghabitsgobeyondfastfood.Wefindmanyteenagerseatunhealthily.Somedonthavebreakfastbeforet

32、heygotoschool.Duringtheday,somedonthaveapropermeallunch.Inarecentsurveyatoneschool,scientistsfoundthatovertwothirdsofthestudentsdidntfollowahealthydiet（饮食）.Theydidntlikevegetables,andmanyofthemdidntliketoeatfruits.Theypreferredtoeatfoodwithalotofsalt,sugar,orfat.Parentstodayalsoworryabouttheirchildr

33、ensdiet.Somedoctorsgivethefollowingadvice: Teenagersshouldnteattoomuchjunkfood. Teenagersshouldnteatfoodwithtoomuchsalt.Saltcancausehighbloodpressufel?血压）inthefuture. Teenagersshouldeatfoodwithlessfat,oil,andsugar. Teenagersneedtoeatsomefruitsandvegetableseveryday.Fruitsandvegetablesarerichinvitamin

34、s（维生素）andhavelittlefat. Teenagersneedtodrinkmoremilk.Milkwillhelptheirbonesgrow. Teenagersneedtoeatbreakfasteveryday.Thisisgoodfortheirbodyandmind.1. “JunkfoodcontOi像）alotof.A.milkandsugarB.fruitsandsugarC.vegetablesandsaltD.fat,oil,saltandsugar2. Inarecentsurveyatoneschool,scientistsfoundmanystuden

35、tsliked.A.vegetablesB.unhealthyfoodC.fruitsD.healthyfood3. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beyondmeaninChineseinthispassage?A.超出B.不如C.相等D.在后面4. Inthispassage,doctorsthinkthatteenagersshouldeatmore.A.foodwithnovitaminsB.fatandsugarC.vegetablesandfruitsD.saltandoil5. Thebesttitleforthispassageis.A.Badhabits

36、B.JunkfoodC.UnhealthyfoodD.AdviceonhealthyeatingPassagesevenHaveyoutakenaplane?Haveyouthoughtaboutthewaystosurvive（生存）inaplanecrash（坠机）?Herearesometipsforyou.Taketherightseats.Thekeytosurviveonplanesishowquicklyyoucangetout.Soitsbesttogetseatsascloseaspossibletoadoor.Ortrytositinthebackoftheplanebec

37、ausepassengersinthebackseatsaresaferthanthoseinthefront.Payattentiontothesafetyinstructions.Firstofall,readthesafetyinformationcardandlistentothesafetyspeechcarefully.Everytypeofplanehasdifferentsafetyinstructions.Ifyouresittingnearadoor,makesureyouknowhowtoopenitifyouneedto.Whatsmore,dontforgettoyo

38、urseatbeltfastened（系牢）.Protectyourselffromsmoke.Whenthereisafire,breathingsmokeinisoneofthemaincausesofdeath.SocoveryournoseandmouthwithaclothtoavoidkKeepcalm.Dontbetoonervousandtrytokeepacoolheadallthetime.Rememberthatevenintheworstsituation,youstillhaveachancetobesafe.1. Whichseatinaplaneshouldyou

39、chooseaccordingtothepassage?A.Theseatwhichisinthefront.B.Theseatwhichisclosetoawindow.C.TheseatwhichdoesnthaveatseStThleseatwhichallowsyoutogetoutquickly2. Whatdoestheworditinthefourthparagraphreferto?A.Openingthedoor.B.Breathingsmokein.C.Sittinginthefrontseats.D.Protectingyourselffromsmoke.3. Ifyou

40、wanttosurviveinaplanecrash,youmust.A.keepcalmB.beverynervousC.breatheinsmokeD.keeptheseatbeltunfastened4. Inwhichpartofawebsitecanwefindthispassage?A.Sports.B.Safety.C.Entertainment.D.Culture.PassageeightJimDavidsonsaidreadingplayedavery,veryimportantroleinhischildrensliveweregrowingup.Duringhistwen

41、tyyearsasawriter,thefatheroffourbecameworriedaboutilliteracy（文盲）inAmericaanddecidedtodosomethingaboutit.Davidsonstarted“BookcaseorEveryChildproject（项目）inhishometownofConway,Arkansas,USAin2005.Theprojectprovideslow-income（彳氐收入的）childrenwithbookcases,andastartersetofbookstoencouragereading.Davidsonspr

42、ojectisdifferentfromotherprojects.Insteadofraisingmoneyfromthepublic,hegetsmanypeoplepersonallytotakepartintheproject.“Wedecidedtobuild50bookcaseseachyearandgivethemtolow-incomechildren,saidDavidson.Icanpromiseyouthisisthenicestpieceoffurniture（家具）inmostoftheselow-incomechildrenshomes.”Today,theproj

43、ecthasspreadtoeightcommunities（社区）infivestates.Hesaidtheprojectsearlysuccessbelongedtothecommunitymembers.Iknewalotofpeoplealloverthecommunityandwasabletochooseagroupofpeopletodothejob,saidDavidson.Thegroupincludedmemberssuchaslibrariansandaworkman.Davidsonlovefortheprojectgrewdeeperafterhiswifedied

44、inMay,2013.Forhim,spreadingthebookcaseprojectalloverthecountryisthebestwaytorememberher.Andhehopestohaveatleastoneprojectineverystateinhiscountry.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1. JimDavidsonstarted“BookcaseforEveryChildproject.A. becauseofhiswifeB. becauseofhischildrenC. becauseheworriedaboutilliteracyintheUSAD. bec

45、ausehewantedmorechildrentobecomewriters2. JimDavidsonstarted“BookcaseforEveryChildprojectyear（s）ago.A.1B.4C.9D.153. TheunderlinedwordtheminParagraph4refers.toA. booksB.bookcasesC.projectsD.moneyandfurniture4.JimDavidsonhopesto.A.makeeverychildhaveabookcaseB. spreadtheprojectallovertheUSAC. spreadthe

46、projectallovertheworldD. makeeverycommunityhaveabookcase5. WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A. JimDavidsonswifediedlastyear.B. JimDavidsonworkedasawriterformanyyears.C. JimDavidsonsprojectraisesmoneyfromthepublic.D. ManycommunitymemberstookpartinJimDavidsonsproject.PassagenineHowwou

47、ldyouliketostudyatanAmericanuniversityinChina?WiththenewsthatNewYorkUniversity（NYU）isconsideringsettingupabranch（分校）onChinesemainland,thepossibilityofgettinganAmericaneducationbecomesareality.ButhowwillChinesestudentsdealwithaverydifferentstyleofteaching?Onethatencouragesdebate（辩论）,discussionandcrit

48、icalthinking（批判思维）；onewhichputslittleattentiononrotelearning.Youknowhowkidsaskquestionsallthetime?Askingquestionsshowstheyarecurious（好奇）.Sowhendoesthatnaturalcuriositygetweak?Notatkindergartenornursery,noratprimaryschool.Asyougrowolderperhapsrefusingtodrawattentiontoyourselfbyaskingtheteacherquestio

49、ns,yougrowquiet.Ifso,thatsapity,becausequestioningyourteachersshouldbeencouraged.Afterall,theyretheoneswhovebeeneducated,havealotmoreexperiencethanyouandperhapshavealittlewisdom.WhenItaughtjoumalimatcollegeinScotlandIenjoyedansweringstudentsquestions.Someofthemraiseddifficultquestions.Ididntalwayskn

50、owtheanswers.IfIdidnt,Idacceptitandtrytofindoutlater.Atuniversitywewereencouragedtochallengeourclassmatesandteachers.Therewasoftenaregularmeetingbetweenteachersandsomestudents.Astudentwouldprepareapaperonasubjectandtheotherstudentswouldcriticizeit.Itcouldbefrightening.Butitwasawayofdevelopingcritica

51、lthinking.Weneedtodifferentiatecriticalthinkingwithloudmouths.Weveallcomeacrossloudmouthswhospeakoutquicklyasiftheyknewwhattheyweretalkingabout.IknowoneloudmouthwhoispaidagreatdealofmoneybyaBritishtabloidnewspapertoentertainreaderswithhisdeeply-heldprejudices（偏见）.Youmightnotagreewithcolumnist（专栏作家）R

52、ichardLittlejohn,butyouhavetosaythatheisentertainingandthereisaninternallogic（内在的逻辑）tohisstatements.Havingalogicalmindcanhelpdevelopcriticalthinking.Mywifedoesnthavealogicalmind,butshedoeshaveemotionalintelligence（情商）.IcantsaythatIhaveanythinglikeheremotionalintelligence.butIdliketothinksomeofitrubb

53、edoffonme.Ifyoucantatleasttrytoputyourselfinsomeoneelsesshoes,howcanyouunderstandtheirsituation,theirproblemsandissues?Sotrytodevelopyourpowersofcriticalthinking.Startwithbooks,films,musicandnewspapers.Anddontbelieveeverythingyoureadorsee.Thinkindependently.1. Accordingtothepassage,todevelopyourcrit

54、icalthinking,youcan.A. keepcuriousandfollowyourheartB. thinklogically,notemotionallyC. domorereadingandthinkactivelyD. voiceyouropinionlikealoudmouth2. Theunderlinedwords66rubbedoffonmcinParagraph5probablymean.A. helpedmesolvetheproblembetterB. hadsomeinfluenceonmeinawayC. moveditbackwardsandforward

55、sD. advisedmetowearothersshoes3. Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A. Wanttobedifferent?ThinkcriticallyB. Wanttobecritical?ThinkforyourselfC. ChooseNYU,choosecriticalthinkingD. ImportanceofimprovingcriticalthinkingPassagetenInalmosteverybiguniversity（大学）intheUnitedStates,footballisafavoritesport.Am

56、ericanfootballisdifferent.Playerssometimeskicktheball,buttheyalsothrowtheballandrunwithit.Theytrytotakeittotheotherendofthefield.Theyhavefourchances（机会）tomovetheballtenyards（码）.Theycancarryitortheycanthrowit.Iftheymovetheballtenyards,theycantrytomoveitanothertenyards.Iftheymoveittotheendofthefield,t

57、heyreceivesixpoints（分）.Itisdifficulttomovetheball.Elevenmenontheotherteamtrytostopthemanwiththeball.Ifhedoesnotmovetheballtenyards,histeamkickstheballtotheotherteam.Eachuniversitywantsitsownteamtowin.Manythousandsofpeoplecometowatch.Theyallshoutfortheirfavoriteteam.Youngmenandwomencomeonthefieldtohe

58、lpthepeopleshoutmore.Theydanceandjumpwhiletheyshout.Eachteamplaystenorelevengameseachseason.TheseasonbeginsinSeptemberandendsinNovember.Ifateamisverygood,itmayplayanothergameaftertheseasonends.ThebestteamsplayagainonJanuary1st,thefirstdayoftheNewYear.ManypeoplegotoseethesegamesandmanyotherswatchthemonTV.1. .Thepassagetalksabout.A.footballB.ho