自考外刊经贸知识选读重点词汇2018年3月PPT精选文档

1、外刊经贸知识选读外刊经贸知识选读一、单项选择题（本大题工一、单项选择题（本大题工1515小题，每小题小题，每小题2 2分，共分，共3030分）分）此题不是考语法而是词汇，选与题干相同的词，属于同义词替换，大概四级水此题不是考语法而是词汇，选与题干相同的词，属于同义词替换，大概四级水平的词汇。平的词汇。1. Faced with declining revenues, the Saudi Arabian government was reluctant to pay in cash but to offer crude oil of equivalent value.nA. same B. ex

2、tranC. double D. low外刊经贸知识选读外刊经贸知识选读二、正误判断题（本大题共二、正误判断题（本大题共1010小题，每小题小题，每小题2 2分，共分，共2020分）分）两篇阅读文章，每篇文章两篇阅读文章，每篇文章5 5题，只要判断题，只要判断T T或或F F就可。就可。三、将下列中文词组译成英文（本大题共三、将下列中文词组译成英文（本大题共1010分，每小题分，每小题1 1分，共分，共1010分）分）26. 26. 赠券赠券27. 27. 财政一揽子计划财政一揽子计划28. 28. 可兑换货币可兑换货币29. 29. 贸易制裁贸易制裁30. 30. 经济特区经济特区31. 3

3、1. 知识产权知识产权32. 32. 跨行业公司跨行业公司33. 33. 贸易逆差贸易逆差34. 34. 贴现率贴现率35. 35. 特许专营权特许专营权外刊经贸知识选读外刊经贸知识选读四、将下列词组译成中文（本大题共四、将下列词组译成中文（本大题共1010小题，每小题小题，每小题1 1分，共分，共1010分）分）要译的词组都是书上的一些专有名词，估计大家每一课的词组都要用心记喽36. the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade36. the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade37. portfolio inv

4、estment37. portfolio investment38. commercial hub38. commercial hub39. certificate of origin39. certificate of origin40. per capita income40. per capita income41. securities41. securities42. insolvency42. insolvency43. fledgling industries43. fledgling industries44. tender44. tender45. consumer good

5、s45. consumer goods外刊经贸知识选读外刊经贸知识选读五、简答题五、简答题(本大题共本大题共6 小题小题,每小题每小题3 分分,共共18 分分)这题不难，只要阅读文章中的词汇没有问题基本都能做对六、翻译题（本大题六、翻译题（本大题1212分）分）只是从课本中出一段文章，英翻中。For most people involved in the production and trading of “ softFor most people involved in the production and trading of “ soft冶冶or or agricultural comm

6、odities, this is proving to be a grim decade. Prices agricultural commodities, this is proving to be a grim decade. Prices are in many cases at, or near, historic lows in real terms as markets are in many cases at, or near, historic lows in real terms as markets struggle to cope with floods of surpl

7、us produce. struggle to cope with floods of surplus produce. 5nmanufactured goods 制成品 ncapital equipment 资本货物 nbalance of payments 国际收支 nvisible trade account 有形贸易项目 ninvisible trade account 无形贸易项目 ntrade surplus 贸易顺差 ntrade deficit 贸易逆差 nbarter 易货贸易 ncompensation trade 补偿贸易 ncounter-trade 反向贸易 njoi

8、nt venture 合资企业 ndeferred payment 延期付款 nbuyer credit 买方信贷 nsupplier credit 卖方信贷 nsoft loan 软贷款 （低息贷款） Lesson 16n substantially ：dramatically， significantly，nsubsequently： afterwardsnexacerbate： worsen; make worsenwithdraw： cancellationnin return for： in exchange forndisrupt： interruptndestined： desi

9、gnednpronounced： marked7The special Economic Zone 经济特区经济特区 a well-placed source 一位高层消息灵通人士一位高层消息灵通人士 infrastructure 基础设施基础设施 capital stock 实际资本实际资本 consumer goods 消费品消费品 preferential tax rate 优惠税率优惠税率 cooperative enterprise 合作（经营）企业合作（经营）企业 means of production 生产资料生产资料 stock-taking 评估评估Allocation of

10、 resources 资源配置资源配置macroregulation and control 宏观调控宏观调控tight monetary policy 紧缩的货币政策紧缩的货币政策working capital 运营资本运营资本basic policy 基本国策基本国策technical transformation 技术革新技术革新 Lesson 28u in piecemeal form: piece by piece; gradually 逐渐的 u showpiece: a prime or outstanding example 典范 u pipe dream: fantasy;

11、daydream; dream that cannot be realized 白日梦 u from scratch: from the very beginning 从零开始，从最初开始 u grassroots: basic level 基层 u the dust settles: the confusion ends 尘埃落定 u in the drivers seat: in the dominant position 9 1.economic heavyweight 举足轻重的经济强国举足轻重的经济强国mercial hub 商业活动中心商业活动中心3.Per capita 人均人均

12、4.Gross National Product 国民生产总值国民生产总值5.punitive import tariff 惩罚性进口关税惩罚性进口关税6.securities 有价证券有价证券7.real estate market 房地产市场房地产市场8.“ Greater China”trade block “大中华大中华”贸易集团贸易集团Lesson 310n 1.jockey： moven2.is bustling with： is filled withn 3.farfetched： improbable； incrediblen4.clear： earn a net profit

13、n5.retaliation： return of ill treatment for ill treatment； revenge； reprisaln 6.career out of control： run out of control11n 1.centrally-planned economy 中央计划经济n 2.market economy 市场经济n3.disinflationary （anti-inflationary） policies 反通货膨胀政策n4.deflation 通货紧缩modity market 商品市场n 6.per capita GDP 人均国内生产总值n

14、7.GATT： General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关贸总协定n8.EMS： European Monetary System 欧洲货币体系n9.per capita income 人均收入n10.multilateral trade agreements 多边贸易协定n11.Portfolio investment 证券投资Lesson 412n1.in a row： in successionn2.easing： slowing down； decreasen3.momentum： force of movementn4.underlying： b

15、eing at the basis ofen5.moderate inflation： ease inflation n6.robust： strong and healthyn7.setbacks： frustrationsn8.slump： depressionn9.edge down： move slowly downn10.pick-up： recoveryn11.rein in： controln 12.bottoming-out： reaching the lowest point before rising again （ 止跌回升）13Lesson 5n trade repre

16、sentative 贸易谈判代表ngovernment procurement 政府采购nNAFTA : North America Free Trade Agreements 北美自由贸易协定ntrade sanctions 贸易制裁ntrade hawks 贸易中主张强硬路线的鹰派人物14n 1.tough： uncompromising （不妥协的，强硬的）n2.discrimination： unfair treatmentn3.sanctions： penaltyn4.escalate： develop； intensifyn5.frictions： c

17、urement： purchasen7.be bullied into doing： be forced to don8.amenable to: responsive ton 9. tactical： skillful 10.a ragged start： a poor olerable： unbearablen12.retaliate： revenge； reprisaln13.impose： exert； influence15Lesson 7nnbarrier-free market 无壁垒市场 nfree-trade zone 自由贸易区nnreferendu

18、m 公民复决投票 nmerger 兼并nnbudget cuts 预算削减 npolitical and economic integration 政治经济一体化nnderegulation 放松管制 nprivatization 私有化16nbig bang： strong and powerful effect； 不同凡响的效果nbe bursting to： be eager to （迫不及待地 ） nskid： slide； fallngush about： talk about with excessive enthusiasm （滔滔不绝地谈论）ntranslate into： t

19、ransform into 17Lesson 7nfree trade 自由贸易 trade sanctions 贸易制裁 nfiscal packages 财政一揽子计划 trade balance 贸易差额 multilateral rules 多边规则 neconomic cycle 经济周期 budget deficit 预算赤字 ntrade reprisals 贸易报复 market share市场份额nWhite Paper白皮书 vested interests既得利益 ncivil service行政部门nwholesaler批发商 households save 家庭储蓄n

20、economic cycle 经济周期 nparts and components 零件、部件、零部件18ndraw the line: set limits; refuse to go as far as or beyond （划定界限；不肯做到或超越某种程度） ndie down: disappear gradually nforeshadow: is a sign of; represents; indicates ncapitulate to: yield to nthrust: principal concern or objective ngeared to: adjusted t

21、o ntake sb to task for: reprimand sb for; criticize sb for nis at pains to: makes a great effort to; works hard to nof its own accord: voluntarily; spontaneously nexport-driven: export-led; export-orientedn in due course: at the right time ncave in to: give in to 19Lesson 8nSilicon Valley 硅谷 state-o

22、f-the-art technology 最先进的技术 nmicroprocessor 微信息处理机 dumping 倾销 nlicensor 转让人 insolvency 无偿还能力 nmarket forces 市场力量 na hermit nation 一个闭关自守的国家 nfledgling industries 新兴工业 nouveau riche 暴发户 nbrain trust 智囊团ntax breaks 减税；税额优惠 bankruptcy 破产 nxenophobia 排外；对外国人恐惧或仇视20ndelve into: make researches into nis p

23、oised for: is ready for nchurn out: produce in large quantities nclout: influence; power nbe lost on: fail to influence or attract the attention nof edge: advantage nupset ones apple cart: spoil ones plan nthe lions share: the largest portion ncurb money market: a market for trading in securities no

24、t listed on a stock exchange 场外证券交易市场21Lesson 9n sovereignty dispute 主权争端 nRamadan 斋月 ncarbon tax 双重税 nsurcharge 附加税 nOPEC （ Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries ）石油输出国组织 ntenders 招标 nreexports 再出口；复出口 ncertificate of origin 原产地证明书 22nadd weight to ones voice: add to ones influence nhead of

25、f: prevent nbe forthright about: be straightforward about nis riding high on: is having great success nspin-off: derived effect; nby-product 副效应；副产品 nshow teeth: show power; show effective means of enforcement 显示威力；显示效力 nup for grabs: available for anyone to take or win 群起而争的；待价而沽的23Lesson 10nanti-d

26、umping measures 反倾销措施 nsubsidies 补贴ncountervailing duties 反补贴税 ngovernment procurement 政府采购 nbarriers to trade (trade barriers) 贸易壁垒 nintellectual property 知识资产 ntrade liberalization 贸易自由化 nWTO: World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织 24ncarry ones heart in ones boots: feel afraid and worried 提心吊胆 nsubsidy:

27、 money granted by government to an industry to keep prices at a desired level nallow for: take into consideration 25Lesson 11nconvertible currency 可兑换货币 ndebt service 债息支付 ndebtor 债务人 ncreditor 债权人 nThe United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference 联合国货币金融会议 nIMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货

28、币基金组织 26nproceeds: money gained from the sale of something 收入，收益 ndip into: spend; use up 动用（存款） nhammer out: talk about in detail and come to a decision; produce by hard work 经详细讨论得出；经过大量工作而作出 nbreak down: collapse npay a premium for: pay a higher price fornperpetuate: make everlasting 27Lesson 12n

29、market share 市场份额 ntest market 试销市场 ncoupons 赠券 nprice promotion 价格促销 nhard sell 强行推销手段 nfranchise 特许经营权28nbe spoiling for (a fight): be very eager (to fight) 一心想；切望 npick on: single out, esp. for sth unpleasant nlive up to: keep to the high standards of nmake way for: allow room for 让位 nflagship br

30、and: leading brand; chief brand nwork off: dispose of nniche: a suitable place nlet much to chance: let chance to decide; let luck to decide29Lesson 13neightfold: eight times noutlets: markets nmarket shave: 市场份额 nwholesaler: 批发商 retailer: 零售商 npromote sales: 促销商品 nluck draw: 幸运抽奖 n增加出口计划：Export Enhancement Program n快餐店：fast food shops n咸鸭蛋：preserved duck eggs n茶鸡蛋：eggs cooked in salt and tea leaves30Lesson 14n1.yields: profits. 2.elapsed: passed n3.tumble: slump 4.boost: accele