eg官方指南-英国文化协会版解析阅读答题辅导

1、EG-TEST1-READINGQuestion 1： thalamic neurons：differences原文： A 段 1-2 句“According to thalamic neurons in the brain's primary visual cortex, which appear to be gender related.”解题思路：根据题目中的“gender differences in vision”可以到 A段中的后面又应该是“differences in the way that men's and women's brains proces

2、s visual data”，进一步讲到实验是有关“thalamic neurons”的，所以可知这里的正确“thalamic neurons”。Question 2：male sex hormones： affected原文：A 段第 3 句“ The development of these neurons is influenced by the male sex hormones”解题思路：解决这题的关键是看出文中的 influenced 是题干中 affected 的同义替换，故可知对这些区别能造成影响的是“male sex hormones”。Question 3：(various

3、) stimuli：women/surroundings原文：B 段第 2 句“Previous studies have revealed that in women, these senses are more sensitive to various stimuli in the environment than in men.”解题思路：题干中的“respond more to”和句中的“are more sensitive to”是同义替换，都是表示“对更敏感之意”。这里的“various stimuli”意思是“多种刺激物”。Question 4：the left hemisphe

4、re/the left brain： men/whereas原文：B 段第 3 句“, whereas men generally show activity exclusively in theleft hemisphere of the brain.”解题思路：根据句中“whereas”看到转折的这句话，题干的意思是“女人用整个大脑来处理噪音”，问大多数男人是怎样处理的，而文中很明确地说到男人是通过“大脑的左半球”来处理的。Question 5：B：difference/ aromas原文：B 段最后一句“Likewise, research indicates that odoursan

5、d they aremore sensitive to and are able to differentiate and categorise subtle distinctions in aromas better than males.”解题思路：女人对于一些细微的气味差别更容易辨别出来。故选 B。Question 6： B：color原文：C 段第一句“it was discovered that the males needed a slightly longer wavelength of a colour to detect the same shade as females,

6、and that men were not as good at discriminating between shades.”解题思路：这句话的大意是“男人并不擅长于识别一些明暗度的差别”，故正确选 B。Question 7： A：distracted原文：D 段第 2 句“The researchers discovered that when focusing on a speaker, a man will fixate on the lips of the person, but he is liable to divert his focus to anyaction taking

7、 place behind the person，”解题思路：上面这段话的大意是研究表明，“当一个人说话时，男人会关注说话者的嘴唇，但是却很容易被说话者后面发生的一些动作所打扰，从而转移注意力”，所以正确是 A。Question 8： B：body language原文：D 段第 4 句“Former studies showed that women are better able to interpret nonverbal communication”解题思路：“研究表明女人相比之下更擅长去诠释一些非语言行为”，这里的“nonverbal communication”和题干中的“body

8、 language”是同义，故选 B。Question 9：C：misunderstand原文：D 段倒数第 2 句“The fact that men do not discern, or have troubledecoding, nonverbal cues leads to each sex constantly misconstruing the other's signals.”解题思路：“非语言的提示使得两性通常会误解他人的单个动作或到的是 each sex，所以应该选 C。”，这里说Question 10：A：all sides原文：E 段最后一句“ it has be

9、en proved that men have better visual-spatial skills - such as rotating an object in their minds”解题思路：“经证明男人相比较女性有着更好的视觉空间能力例如在大脑中旋转一个物体”，与题干说的不接触事物却能看到事物的各个面是同义，故选 A。Question 11：C：mathematics原文：F 段第 5 句“You might have heard it said that boys are better at mathematics, but Halpern explains that any

10、difference is context dependent.”解题思路：这题只看句的前半句很容易误选，而后半句说的是 Halpern解释说到“任何区别都是与环境相关的”，所以这里不能选 A，只能选 C。Question 12-13：BD：Halpern 原文：F 段第 2 句“Halpern is at pains to point out that having different skills is not the same as having different levels of intelligence.”E 段第 3 句和 F 段第 1 句“Diane Halpern beli

11、eves that many of the cognitive differences are biologically innate.”“On the other hand, it is also acknowledged that women are more fluent verbally.” G 段倒数第 2 句“as fathering is very important and many men would make great caregivers.”G 段第 2 句“Halpern explains that women do most of the nurturing in

12、society, such as looking after children and taking care of the elderly, therefore, they tend to opt for paid jobs that require less investment of time.”解题思路：找出文中所有相关点，“Halpern 指出能力不同并不等于智力水平不同”，所以 A 选项错误；“Halpern 相信很多认知差别都是天生的，女人比男人言辞更加流利”可以看出 B 选项正确；“很多男人都是很好的照料者”，故 C 错误；“女人花的时间照顾孩子，而把时间更少地投资在工作上”，

13、故 D正确；E 选项全文并没有提到，故不选，正确为 BD。Question 14：C：19th century，原文：第 1 段最后一句“What interested them more was praised the intensity and ferocity of wild landscapes and reckless human emotion.”解题思路：解决这题的关键是要看懂第一段最后一句话的意思，这句话说的是“反和鲁莽的人类情感”，故正确选 C。抗拘谨，赞扬野性的景色，Question 15：A：Enlightenment原文：B 段第 2 句“Europe in the 1

14、700s was dominatedthat polite intellectualdiscourse in such institutions as coffee houses and debating societies constituted the most sophisticated expression of humanity's capacity for development.”解题思路：综合上面这段话表达的意思，只有 A 选项符合，B 选项“人类的最高形式”，C“在科学方面鼓励了大众的”，D“为政治讨论提供更加安全的地方”都不正确，A 选项说的是“充分发挥能力最精致的

15、表达”是同样的意思，故 A 正确。的潜力”与文中“人类发展Question 16：C：Enlightenment thinkers原文：B 段第 3 句“Enlightenment thinkers loathed the expression of emotion, particularly of fiery, uncontrollable feeling, in their countries.”解题思路：这句话一开始就直接说了 Enlightenment thinkers 厌恶情感的表达，所以很明显正确选 C。Question 17：satire：not/popular原文：C 段第 3

16、 句“As interest in governance and civic affairs waned, writers began to reject the once-respected literary format of satire.”解题思路：“作家开始忽视曾经受到尊敬的文学形式讽刺”，所以“satire”变得不再受欢迎。Question 18：the supernatural：harmful feelings原文：C 段最后两句“In Wuthering Heights, for example, Emily Brontë describes the effects

17、of intense, destructive emotions such as jealousy and vengeance. Elements of the supernatural are introduced in the short stories of Edgar Allan Poe.” 解题思路：题干中的“destructive emotions”和文中的“harmful feelings”对应， 根据题干，除了“destructive emotions”之外还有“Elements of the supernatural”被采用，所以应该是 the supernatural。Qu

18、estion 19：Music/music：Romantic ideas原文：D 段第 2 句“This was partly because, freed from the constraints of the Enlightenment era, music was perceived to be the ideal form through which to explore the Romantic notion of a free spirit.”解题思路：“appropriate art form”以及“expression of Romantic ideas”跟文中的“ideal

19、form”和“Romantic notion of a free spirit”相对应，而文中描述的正是音乐，所以这里 应该是“music”。Question 20：burgeoning middle- class：paid for/by原文：D 段第 3 句“Economic shifts also facilitated musics newfound dominance. Whereas musicians, they now earned their living by performing for burgeoning middle- class audiences.”解题思路：题干

20、中的“paid for by sb.”和文中的“earned their living by performingfor”相对应，所以这里花钱的应该是“burgeoning middle- class audiences”。Question 21：a violent force/violent：nature原文：E 段第 5 句“Romantic artists, however, depicted nature as a violent force.”解题思路：根据“nature”可以到这一句，题干中的“natureshown tobethrough depictions”和文中的“depi

21、cted nature as”相对应，表示“自然被描绘成”，这里可以填 a violent force 或者直接填形容词 violent 都正确。Question 22：portraits：unpleasant原文：F 段第一句“The Romantics also revolutionised the painting of human subjects portraits became a vehicle for examining the darker side of the humanexperience.”解题思路：题干中的“unpleasant aspects of human l

22、ife”和文中的“darker side of thehuman experience”相对应，而表现这种生活面的正是句中提到的“portraits”。Question 23：sculpture：Romantic Movement原文：G 段第 1 句“By the mid-nineteenth century, Romanticism had hugely influenced every art form with the exception of sculpture, which remained stubbornlyimpervious to Romantic influences d

23、ue to the practical constraints of the discipline.”解题思路：题干问的是什么没有被浪漫运动影响，对应文中 G 段第 1 句话，说的是浪漫“sculpture”。运动影响了很多艺术形式，除了雕塑，所以这里的应该是Question 24：nationalist political movements：Romantic Movement原文：G 段最后一句“Its influence had extended far beyond the arts Most significantly, nationalist political movements

24、 were proliferating across Europe, inspired by the celebration of folklore and indigenous customs in many Romantic art works.”解题思路：题干这句话刚好是 G 段最后两句话的总结，浪漫运动给艺术，教育都带来了影响，并且也促进了“nationalist political movements”的增长，这里“proliferating”跟题干中的“growth”是同义，都表示“增长”。故是“(nationalist) political movements”。应该Questi

25、on 25：Enlightenment：Realism原文：H 段 3-4 句“Many authors and artists turned toward Realism, and sought to retrieve some of the values of the Enlightenment, such as the need fordialogue and reasoned debate.”解题思路：这段话的大意是“许多作家和艺术家都转向了现实，仍然还有一些在追求启蒙运动的价值”，题干问的是“尽管现实受欢迎，还有什么也是有价值的，相关的”，所以这里的应该是“Enlightenment

26、”。Question 26：(dramatic) (movie) soundtracks：Romantic ideas/currently原文：H 段最后两句“Romanticism never faded away completely, however.Dramatic movie soundtracks and plotlines in which menadversity to achievegreat triumphs show that the Romantic spirit remains with us to the present day.”解题思路：题干问的是浪漫思想现如今

27、被应用到哪些方面，对应到 H 段最消退，人类反抗逆境赢得成功的这些戏剧电今天仍与我们同在”，所以这里填入的应后两句，说的是“浪漫永远影配乐及情节都证明了，浪漫该是“(dramatic) (movie) soundtracks”。Question 27：F：happiness原文：F 段前 2-3 句“what are we to make of the current fervour surrounding the pursuit of happiness? Are we being led toward an illusion by false prophets of positivity?

28、 According to Steven Hayes, a psychology professor at the University of Nevada, we are.”解题思路：这句话采用了自问自答的方式，先问这种对 happiness 的追求是否会对我们产生一种错误的幻觉，之后 Steven Hayes 给出了肯定的F。，所以应该选Question 28：B：Medication 原文：C 段解题思路：这道题相对简单，根据“medication”对应到文中的“medical journal”这个词，即 C 段，这段中出现的人物刚好是 B 选项。Question 29：A：sad pe

29、ople/remember原文：B 段 3-4 句“Professor Joe Forgas discovered He also found that sadpeople had better recall of past events and feelings,”解题思路：题干说的是“sad people 更容易记住一些事情，对应到 B 段，这个观点刚好是 Professor Joe Forgas 提出的，故选 A。Question 30：E：teenagers原文：E 段第 6 句到最后“Laura Young, a researcher at Boston College, hasfo

30、und that adolescents or young adults who participate in arts programmes are more likely to experience sadness than their peers,”解题思路：“Laura Young 表明参加艺术的年轻人更容易经历悲伤，但是艺术也能帮助他们表达自己的愤怒”与题干正好对应，所以这里选 E。Question 31：A：careful/alert原文：B 段最后两句“Forgas notes that a positive mood indicates comfort and familiar

31、ity, whereas a negative mood alerts the brain to be vigilant. As a result, hebelieves,sadnessencouragesa'moreattentiveandexternallyfocused,information-processing style' whereas happiness prompts us to switch off, making us prone to deception. In other words, bliss is ignorance.”解题思路：题干的意思是“悲

32、伤的人更加谨慎，并且警觉”，这句话正好对应文中的 B 段 Forgas 的观点，即“悲伤能够促使更加故选 A。及集中的信息处理风格”，Question 32：F：focus/important原文：F 段倒数第 2 句“What is more important than experiencing the transient flush of happy feelings, he suggests, is moving through life in accordance with our core values. ”解题思路：题干的意思是“人们应该专注于那些对他们重要的事情”，而这句话对应

33、的刚好是 F 段，Hayes 表示，比起经历起瞬间的幸福，更重要的是依照我们的价值观一直向前。”所以选 F。Question 33：C：bad decision原文：D 段最后一句“Without the prodding of sadness upon our memory of these situations, we might endlessly repeat these follies with no reason to alter our behaviour.”解题思路：题干的意思是“悲伤能够我们反复做一些错误的决定”，而 D 段最后这句话正好是提干的同义转换，“没有悲伤的刺激，我

34、们可能会无止境地重复这些愚蠢的事情”，故选 C。Question 34：D：original material原文：E 段第 5 句“Akinola speculates that this feedback encouraged researchparticipants to dwell on their negativity, and this unearthed hidden feelings and bolstered their creative output.”解题思路：题干的意思是“思考悲伤能够帮助人们产生一些的东西”，文中这句话说的是 Akinola 推测情感的反馈能够发掘出一

35、些隐藏的情绪也能支撑他们有一些创造性的”。故选 D。Question 35：NO：less interested原文：A 段第 2 句“There is now a and everyone from self-help gurus tosociological researchers to public policy makers is trying to understand what happiness is and how everyone can get more of it. ”解题思路：题干中说人们对越来越不感，很明显与文中表达的相反，文中说的是每个人都在尽力了解幸福的含义以及怎

36、样能拥有NO。故是Question 36：NO：undesirable原文：A 段最后一句“By framing sadness as solely a negative condition, a fetter to free ourselves from, these scholars believe that we may be neglecting an important facet of the human experience.”解题思路：题干中说的“悲伤是不合需要的一种状态”，而文中 A 段最后一句话说的是这些学者发现，我们可能忽略了人类经历中很重要的一个方面，可见悲伤对人类来说

37、是很重要的，故是 NO。Question 37：YES：psychology pain原文：C 段第 1 句“In other contexts, sadness allows us to cope with traumatic occurrences and, ultimately, move on from them.”解题思：体感这句话刚好是文中 C 段第一句话的同义替换，故“traumatic”是“（心理）创伤的”的意思。是 YES。Question 38：NO：energetic原文： C 段第 2 句“ Unlike other negative emotions such as

38、anger or fear, sadness drains energy.”力”，很明显与题目中恰好相反，是 NO，解题思路：文中说的是“悲伤消“drain”的本义是“排出，放出”，在这里指的是“消耗”。Question 39：NOT GIVEN：grief原文：C 段第 4 句“This process, known as grief, serves an important role in helping humans to adjust to loss and to integrate it into their lives.”解题思路：文中只说到 grief 在人们适应得失中扮演着重要

39、的，并没有谈到它在人类生活中出现的频率，所以这里很明显是 NOT GIVEN。Question 40：YES：necessary/important原文：A 段最后一句“By framing sadness as solely a negative condition, a fetter to free ourselves from, these scholars believe that we may be neglecting an important facet of the human experience.”B 段第 1 句“Much evidence suggests that s

40、adness plays an important and constructiverole in our lives.”解题思路：这两段话分别表明了悲伤是人类经历中必不可少并且十分重要的一部分，所以题干叙述是正确的。EG-TEST2-READINGQuestion 1：C：Manet原文：C 段整段解题思路：题干问的是哪段再描述 Manet 绘画，而对应到 C 段，刚好这段都在Manet 如何绘画的。故选 C。Question 2：F：scholars/interested原文：F 段第前两句“Ever since its debut at the Paris Salon of 1882,

41、whether Manet's seemingly distorted point of view might have been possible after all.”解题思路：F 段整段都在介绍历史学家以及一些学术工作者对这幅图感的不同的方面，故选 F。Question 3：E：writer/idea原文：E 段第 1-2 句“Why would Manet engage in such deceit? Perhaps for that very reason: to depict two different states of mind or emotion.”解题思路：E 段

42、开头采取了自问自答的方式，表达了作者的观点，“是因为想要描述两种不同的心理和情感的状态”。故正确应该是 E。Question 4：D：example原文：D 段第 3 句到最后“In the foreground, for example, disjuncture between reality and illusion.”解题思路：题干问的是“哪一段对于酒吧场景是不真实的给出了例子”，很明显 D 段从“for example”开始，后面一直在说这种场景是如何不真实的，并且结尾句做了总结，“整体对观众的影响就是现实和幻想之间一个梦幻的脱节”。故对应的是 D 段。Question 5：A：pop

43、ularity原文：A 段最后一句“it is now in the possession of The Courtauld Gallery inLondon, where it has alsoe a favourite with the crowds.”解题思路：文章开头 A 段即描述了这幅画的受欢迎程度，提到了这幅画现在在伦敦 Courtauld 画廊，并且成为人们最喜爱的画作。所以描述这个绘画受欢迎程度的应该是 A 段。Question 6：Emmanuel Chabrier：A Bar at the Folies原文：A 段“One of the most critically re

44、nowned paintings of the 19th-century A Bar at the Folies. Originally belonging to the composer Emmanuel Chabrier,” 解题思路：题干问的是谁是 A Bar at the Folies 这幅画的最初拥有者，而 A 段中很明显地提到了这幅画最初是属于作家 Emmanuel Chabrier，所以这里Emmanuel Chabrier。是Question 7：a black bodice：barmaid原文：B 段第 2 句“A barmaid stands alone behind he

45、r bar, fitted out in a blackbodice that has a frilly white neckline,”解题思路：题干问的是酒吧女侍穿的什么，文中 B 段第 2 句话很明显的提到了穿的是黑色的紧身衣，这里“fit out”本来的意思是“装备、配备”，这里引申为“穿”这个含义，故是 a black bodice。Question 8：auditorium：back原文：B 段 4-5 句“but much of the activity in the room takes place in the reflection of a mirror behind th

46、e barmaid. Through this mirror we see an auditorium, bustling with blurred figures and faces”解题思路：题干问的是在画的背面我们看到了什么，文中说的是“很多事情都发生在女侍后面的镜子的反射中”后面又说到了“从镜子中我们可以看到一个礼堂”，可以得出，画的后面我们能看到的是 auditorium。Question 9：a trapeze artist：perform原文：B 段倒数第 2 句“men in top hatseven the feet of a trapeze artist demonstra

47、ting acrobatic feats above his adoring crowd.”解题思路：题干问的是“谁在为观众表演”，文中说的是“甚至连空中飞人的脚都在像那些他们的人群中展示着自己的特技”，所以这里表演的是 a trapezeartist。Question 10：a private studio：Where原文：C 段第 2 句“The painting was largely completed in a private studio belonging to the painter, where the barmaid posed with a number of bottl

48、es ”解题思路：这道题比较容易找到，题干问的是这幅画的绝大部分是在哪完成的，而文中 C 段的后半部分很直接地说到了“这幅画大部分是在画家私人的工作室完成的”。Question 11：E：misrepresents原文：D 段最后一句“The overall impact on the viewer is one of a dreamlike disjuncture between reality and illusion.”解题思路：题干问的是 Manet 歪曲镜中图像的原因是什么，D 段从开头到中间的举例都在说明这种歪曲的现象，结尾总结句说“整体对观众的影响就是现实和幻想之间一个梦幻的脱节

49、”，所以可以知道这里的原因应该是想要感，故选 E。观众的真实Question 12：D： alienated原文：E 段第 2 句“Manet seems to be conveying his understanding of the modern workplace, a place - from his perspective - of alienation, where workers felt torn from their 'true' selves and forced to assume an artificial working identity.”解题思路：

50、文中这段话说的是工人们感觉他们并不是真实的自我，而是被迫地去承担一种的工人。所以这里感觉到被疏远的原因是觉得自己与其他人不一样，表现的不是真我。所以选 D。Question 13：A：re-constructed原文：F 段第 2 句“Some have even conducted staged representations of the painting in order to ascertain whether Manet's seemingly distorted point of view might have been possible after all.”解题思路：题

51、干问的是学术工作者在现实中重构了那幅画的原因，很明显文中“inorder to”后面说的是原因，是“为了弄明白 Manet 看似扭曲的观点是否真的有可能”，所以正确选 A。Question 14：viii：无原文：A 段解题思路：A 段主要讲的是 Davis 小号的演奏技巧，特色以及独特风格。“signature sound”以及“distinctive style”都是信号词，所以对应的是 viii。Question 15：iii：无原文：B 段（首句）解题思路：B 段的首句“he continued his musical education both in the clubs and i

52、n the classroom”说的是“Davis 的教育分成两个部分；即正统的音乐教育和在爵士的的教育。”对应的是 iii。Question 16： i：无原文：C 段解题思路：C 段的段落大意是“Davis 自创的独特声乐，以及自创的爵士乐的新式风格之后引来很多人的追随与效仿。”从结尾处的“Davis' legacy as one of themost innovative musicians of his era”，意思是“Davis遗产”也可以很容易地判断出是 i。最创新的音乐家之一的Question 17：ix：无原文：D 段（1-2 句）解题思路：D 段开头说的“The e

53、arly 1950s, in particular, were a time of greatpersonal turmoil”，这里的“personal turmoil”意思是“个人的或挣扎”与 ix中的“personalstruggles”是同义替换，所以是 ix。Question 18：iv：无原文：E 段（首句）解题思路：E 段开头提到在他职业生涯的后几十年，Davis 打破传统的音乐设置，开始多元化输出一系列音乐风格，对应的正好是 iv 中的“向新的领域拓展”。故是 iv。Question 19：vi：无原文：F 段（末句）解题思路：F 段末句“From this perspecti

54、ve, Davis' continual revamping of genre was not merely a rebellion, but an evolution, a necessary path that allowed him to releasehis full musical potential.”意思是“戴维斯的持续改进的风格不仅仅是一个,而是一种进化和一个必要的方式,来让他他的全部音乐潜能”，与这段内容最相关的便是 vi 选项，要注意，这里“revamping”是“改进”的意思，与 vi 中的change 是同义。Question 20：NO：vibrato原文：A

55、 段第2 句“WhereasDavis was taught to play with a long, straight tone, a preference his instructor reportedly drilled into the young trumpeter with a rap on the knuckles every time Davis began using vibrato.”解题思路：这段话说的是 Davis 的导师教他的是长且很直的音调，而并不是题干中说的 vibrato。所以题干描述是错误的。Question 21：YES：Julliard原文：B 段 2-3

56、 句“His enrolment in the prestigious Julliard School ofMusic however, that this time at the school was invaluable in terms of developing his trumpet-playing technique and giving him a solid grounding in music theory.”解题思路：根据 Julliard到 B 段，“however”之后文中说到，“在学校的这段时间对于发展他的吹喇叭的技能是无价的并且也给了他在音乐理论上一个坚实的基础”，与题干中的描述一致，故是 YES。Question 22：NOT GIVEN：New York原文：B 段末句“Much of his early training jazz pantheon such as Coleman Hawki