高中英语语法 主谓一致（27张）ppt课件

1、GrammarSubject-Verb Agreement主谓一致主谓一致The boy _ diving.They _ diving.Both Jack and Tim _ diving.All of them _ diving.Neither Jack nor Tim _ walking.isareareisareFinish the following exercises:Bob Bob _ a worker.isMike Mike and Bob _ workers.areBoth Mike and Bob _workers.areNeither Mike nor Bob _a tea

2、cher.isBill Neither of them _ (know) how to teach English. knows/knowAll of them _ workers.None of them _ (know) how to teach English.are knows/know主主谓谓一一致致主谓一致是指谓语在人称、数及意义方主谓一致是指谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词坚持一致。面要与作主语的名词或代词坚持一致。二、意义一致二、意义一致三、就近原那么三、就近原那么一、语法一致一、语法一致Subjectverb Agreement 主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致主要有以

3、下几种情况：主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：1. and衔接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词衔接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况：谓语动词有以下两种情况：(1) He and I _both students of this school. 假设指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时假设指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候候,谓语动词用复数。谓语动词用复数。语法一致原那语法一致原那么么are(2) 但假设衔接两个以上的名词指的是同但假设衔接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时

4、候或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。谓语要用单数。 The singer and dancer_ going to give us a performance. The knife and fork _on the table. is is表整体概念的并列构造：表整体概念的并列构造： bread and butter a knife and fork the writer and poet iron and steel a watch and chain a cart and horse2. 假设主语是不定式假设主语是不定式, 动词动词ing方式或主语方式或主语从句的时候从句的时候,谓语动

5、词用单数。谓语动词用单数。What he is doing _(seem) very important. Collecting stamps _(be) his hobby. seemsis3. 定语从句的关系代词定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，从句动词要与先在从句中作主语时，从句动词要与先行词的人称和数坚持一致。行词的人称和数坚持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who _ your friend, should help you.is4. 主语后有主语后有with, along with, to

6、gether with, as well as, rather than, besides, except, like, without, but, including 等词或短语等词或短语时时,谓语动词的方式不受这些短语的影谓语动词的方式不受这些短语的影响就远原那么。例如：响就远原那么。例如：The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. either . or, neither . nor, notbut, not only . but also在句子中衔接主语的时候在句子中衔接主语的时候或

7、者在或者在there be句型中句型中,谓语动词要和就近谓语动词要和就近的主语坚持一致。的主语坚持一致。就近原那就近原那么么Neither you nor I _ (be) wrong. There _ a cup of tea and some apples on the table.amis意义一致原那意义一致原那么么 所谓意义一致原那么是指谓语动词和所谓意义一致原那么是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法方式主语一致不是取决于主语的语法方式, 而是其实践意义。有的主语名词在方式而是其实践意义。有的主语名词在方式上是单数上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名

8、词在方式上是复数主语名词在方式上是复数, 但在意义上但在意义上却是单数。却是单数。1. 不定代词不定代词all, some, any, none, neither作主语作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples _rotten. 一切的苹果都烂了。一切的苹果都烂了。All of the apple _rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。整个苹果都烂了。 are isNone of the money_ left. 没有剩下一点钱。没有剩下一点钱。is2. 分数、百分数或分数、百分数或the rest of; half of; part of +n/pron作

9、主语时作主语时,谓语动词谓语动词与与of后面的名词后面的名词/代词坚持一致。代词坚持一致。Half of the students _ havefinished their composition. Half of the apple _bad. About 60 percent of the students in ourschool _boys. haveisare3. 集合名词作主语集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数动词可用单数, 也可以用也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决议。强调整体复数。主要由句子的意思决议。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词那么动词那

10、么用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有family, class, group, team, government , population 等。等。His family _going out. 他们全家要外出。他们全家要外出。His family _all music lovers. 他们全家人都是音乐喜好者。他们全家人都是音乐喜好者。is are 4. 某些名词如某些名词如people, police, cattle等等,方方式上是单数式上是单数, 但意义上是复数但意义上是复数, 谓语动谓语动词运用复数。词运用复数。people指指“民族时是例民族时是例外。外。 T

11、he police are searching for a thief. The cattle are eating grass on the hill.5. 表示成双成套的名词如表示成双成套的名词如trousers, scissors, shoes, socks, glasses 等作主等作主语时，谓语动词用复数方式语时，谓语动词用复数方式, 但当它但当它们与们与a pair of 或或pairs of连用时连用时, 谓语谓语动词与动词与pair的数坚持一致。如的数坚持一致。如: The shoes are worn out. 鞋子破了。鞋子破了。 The pair of shoes is

12、worn out. 这双鞋破了。这双鞋破了。 6. 某些以某些以s结尾的学科、国名、书刊名结尾的学科、国名、书刊名如如maths, politics, the United States, the New Times, Great Expectations, news等，谓语动词运用单数。等，谓语动词运用单数。 Physics is a very interesting subject. Roots is a famous American novel. 7. 不定代词不定代词someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, ev

13、eryone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, each等作主语等作主语, 谓语动词要用单数。谓语动词要用单数。 Someone wants to see you. Nothing is found in the room. 8. every. and every .; each . and each .; no . and no .; many aand many a 在以上短语中在以上短语中and衔接的单衔接的单数名词数名词, 整个短语在句中作主语时整个短语在句中作主语时, 谓谓语动词常运用单数。语动词常运用单数。Every

14、doctor and every nurse was given a new shirt. Many a boy and many a girl _(have) made the same mistake. has 9. many a, more than one与单数名词组成与单数名词组成的短语的短语, 谓语用单数。谓语用单数。 Many a boy has seen it. 10. 时间、间隔、金钱、度量衡等的复数时间、间隔、金钱、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。谓语动词常用单数。 Thirty years _(be) not a long time. is 1

15、1. 以以a number of 作主语时作主语时, 谓语动词谓语动词用复数用复数; 以以the number of 作主语时作主语时, 谓谓语动词用单数。语动词用单数。 A number of new books_ on the desk. The number of students in you class _ 50. are is Task1 Choose the correct verb form to complete the following sentences. Our family _ (is/are) not poor any more. 2. The class _ (

16、have/has) disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic. 3. A poet and artist _(is/are) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting this afternoon.ishaveis4. Not only you but also he _ (is/are) wrong. 5. Neither you nor he _ (is/are) right. 6. There _ (is/ar

17、e) two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. 7. He is the only one of the students who _ (has/have) passed the exam. isisarehas1. To finish the work _ hard work. A. needs B. need C. needing2. Many a man_ the story. A. believes B. believe C. believing3. The teacher as well as the students _

18、the book already A. are reading B. is reading C. has read D. have readTask2 Choose the correct item.AAC4. Only half of the work_ done yesterday. A. is B. was C. are D. were5. When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. has not decided B. have not decided C. has not been decided D. have not been decidedBC1.这是今年出版的最畅销的小说之一这是