英语语法主谓一致ppt课件

1、Subject-Verb Agreement主谓一致主谓一致一、名词1.名词变复数的规那么:1以s,x,ch和sh结尾的2以辅+y结尾的3元+y结尾的4以f/fe结尾的(5)以0结尾的2.几个不规那么的复数名词如:man,woman,child,foot,tooth,sheep,deer, Englishman,Frenchman,Japanese,Chinese,3.只用复数方式的名词如:people,clothes,goods,police,trousers4.一些集体名词如:class,team,family,school5.不可数名词如:news,information,wood,fo

2、od,work,weather,room, space,population,metal,glass,cotton,silk,bread,meat,water,coffee,milk, porridge,money,fun,etc.6.名词一切格如:Womens Day, Teachers Day,a map of China, a few minutes walk, Lucy and Lilys father, Lucys and Lilys shoes a friend of mine ,todays newspaper , at the doctors , etc.7.与复数名词连用的单

3、词如:many, (a )few , a number of , these,those,two,different,one of-;与不可数名词连用的单词如:much,(a)little;都可连用的如：some,any,no,enough,a lot of,lots of,etc.8.不可数名词及其量的表示法，如：a cup of tea,two glasses of milk等。 1. These girls will become when they graduate from the medical college. A. woman doctors B. womens doctors

4、 C. women doctors D. the women doctors2. Usually are very careful in doing exercises. A. girl students B. girls students C. girls students D. girls students3. The waiter brought us . A. glasses of juices B. glasses of juice C. glass of juices D. glass of juices4. The news reporter has collected abou

5、t it. A. lots of informations B. a lot of information C. much of information D. many information5. Finally Billy got as a waiter in a restaurant. A. a job B. a piece of job C. a work D. some work6. Please give me . A. a few papers and two newspapers B. some paper and some newspaper C. a paper and a

6、newspaper D. a piece of paper and two newspapers 7. The ship went down and many were lost. A. lifes B. lives C. life D. live8. Its about to the zoo. A. two hours ride B. two hours ride C. two-hours ride D. two hours ride9. Jack showed me . A. some stamps of him B. the stamps of his C. some his stamp

7、s D. some stamps of his10. These are and those are . A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japaneses, Germen D. Japanese, Germans在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必需在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必需和主语在人称和数上坚持一致，这就叫主谓一和主语在人称和数上坚持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原那么，即致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原那么，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原那么。语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原那么。一语法一致

8、原那么：语法上一致就是谓语一语法一致原那么：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数方式上坚持一致。动词和主语在单、复数方式上坚持一致。1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词普通用单数方式；主语为复数时，谓语普通用单数方式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数方式。动词用复数方式。 His father is working on the farm. To study English well is not easy. What he said is very important for us all.

9、 The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. (6) The number of the errors is suprising 2、Lucy and Lily are twins. She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. Both she and he are Young Pioneers.由衔接词由衔接词and或或bot

10、h and衔接起来的衔接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数方式的谓语动词。合成主语后面，要用复数方式的谓语动词。留意：留意： 假设假设and所衔接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，所衔接的两个词是指同一个人或物时， 它后面的谓语动词就运用单数方式。它后面的谓语动词就运用单数方式。如：如：The writer and artist has come. 由由and衔接的并列单数主语前假设分别有衔接的并列单数主语前假设分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数方式。修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数方式。如：如：Every student

11、 and every teacher was inthe room.No boy and no girl likes it. 主语为单数名词或代词，虽然后面跟有主语为单数名词或代词，虽然后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数方式；等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数方式；假设主语为复数，谓语用复数方式。假设主语为复数，谓语用复数方式。3、 Mr Green, together with

12、his wife and children, has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. She, like you and Tom, is very tall.4、either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数对待。如：Each of us has a new book. Everything around us is matter.留意： 在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词或代

13、词作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. 假设none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；假设它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America.5、在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。I am not one who is afraid of difficulty. 我是个不怕困难的人。He is one of my friends who are

14、 working hard. He is the only one of my friends who isworking hard.6、假设集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；假设它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数方式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。留意：people, police, cattle等名词普通都用作 复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child.Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four

15、are unable to agree upon a monitor. 7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。留意： a number of“许多，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；the number of“的数量，主语是number，谓语用单数。There are a lot of people in the classroom. The rest of the lecture is wonderfu

16、l. 50% of the students in our class are girls.8、在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语 一致。There comes the bus. On the wall are many pictures. Such is the result. Such are the facts.二逻辑意义一致原那么：逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必需和主语的意义一致因有时主语方式为单数，但意义为复数；有时方式为复数，但意义为单数。1、what, who, which, any, more, all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决议。如：Which is y

17、our bag? / Which are your bags? / All have gone to .2、表示“时间、分量、长度、价值等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数方式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体，如：Thirty minutes is enough for the work. 3、假设英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数方式，其谓语动词通常用单数方式。如： “The Arabian Nightsis an interesting story-book.4、表数量的短语“one and a half后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数方式也可用复数。如

18、:One and a half apples is (are) left on the table.5、算式中表示数目字的主语通常作单数对待，其谓语动词采用单数方式。如：Twelve plus eight is twenty. Fifty-six divided by eight is seven.6、一些学科名词是以 ics 结尾，如：politics, mathematics, physics 以及news, works等，都属于方式上是复数的名词，实践意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数方式。如：The paper works was built in 1990. I thi

19、nk physics isnt easy to study.7、trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但假设这些名词前有a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：My glasses are broken. The pair of shoes under the bed is his.8、“定冠词the + 描画词或分词，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。三就近一致原那么：在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语坚持一致。1、当两个主语由either or, neither nor, whether or , n

20、ot only but also衔接时，谓语动词和临近的主语一致。如：Either the teacher or the students are our friends. Neither they nor he is wholly right. Is neither he nor they wholly right?2、there be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。假设其后是由and衔接的两个主语，那么应与接近的那个主语坚持一致。如：There are two chairs and a desk in the room.留意：Here引导的句子用法同上。1.I, who_ your f

21、riend, will try my best to help you with your English.A.am B.is C.are D.be2. The rich _ not always happy.A.are B.is C.has D.have3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I _ his students.A.are B.am C.is D.was4. Mary as well as her sisters _ Chinese in China.are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study5. Neith

22、er my father nor I _ at home.A.am B.is C.are D.beExercises22.He is the only one of the students who _ elected.A. are B.have C.has D.is23.This is one of the most interesting questions that _ asked.A.have B.has C. have been D.has been24.Many a man _ come to help us.A.have B.has C.is D.are25.All_ prese

23、nt and all_ going on well, our monitor said.A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is D.is;are用括号内所给动词的适当方式填空。用括号内所给动词的适当方式填空。1. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads _ (keep) rising these days.2. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ (repair) at the garage. 3. What we used to think _ (be) imposs

24、ible does seem possible now. 4. The moment the 28th Olympic Games _ (declare) open, the whole world cheered. keepsis being repairedwaswere declared5. The use of credit cards in place of cash _ (increase) in recent years.6. Newton _ (explain) the movements of the moon from the attraction of the earth

25、.7. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ (phone) to ask how I am going to spend the money. has increasedhas explainedare phoning考点分析：考点分析：1. At last，we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ down to eat our picnic lunch Asitting Bhaving

26、 sat Cto sit Dsat此题调查并列谓语的选择。此题调查并列谓语的选择。found与与sat down应为并列谓语，而其他各项均为非谓应为并列谓语，而其他各项均为非谓语动词方式不能单独作谓语，解题时务必语动词方式不能单独作谓语，解题时务必留意并列连词的作用。留意并列连词的作用。 2. Professor Smith，along with his assistants，_ on the project day and night to meet the deadline Awork Bworking Cis working Dare working此题调查主谓一致用法。当此题调查主谓一

27、致用法。当“主语主语+along with/ with/ together with + n. / pron 构造作主语时其谓语动词的单复数应与构造作主语时其谓语动词的单复数应与主语坚持一致。主语坚持一致。 因因Professor Smith作主作主语，故运用单数谓语动词语，故运用单数谓语动词is working。3. The evening news comes on at seven oclock and _only thirty minutes.A. keepsB. completes C. finishes D. lasts4.-Has Sam finished his homewor

28、k today? -I have no idea. He_ it this morning. A. didB. has done C. was doingD. had done5. The forest guards often find campfires have not been _ completely. A. turned down B. put out C. put awayD. had done6. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _visiting a museum when the earthquake s

29、truck. A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 6. Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _ good painters.,A.are;are B.am;am C.am;are D.is;is7. Every boy and every girl _ to attend the evening party.A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like8. Over 80 percent of the population of China _

30、peasants.A.was B.is C. would be D.are9. The population of China _ larger than that of any other country in the world. A.is B.are C.has D.have10. Every means 方法_ tried but without any result. A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been11. Alice, together with two boys,_ for having broken the rule. A. was punished B. punished C. were punis