英语一轮复习学案选修 Unit A land of diversity新人教

1、复习目标闯关要点名师讲解【重点单词】2.majority n.大多数，大半the / a majority of +名词，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致。the majority 单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。in the /a majority 占多数be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数 a majority over sb 超过对方的票数1). A / The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health. 大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。2).The majo

2、rity was/were in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。【即境活用】1). English speakers form the _ (大多数) of the population.2). Among the members of the committee those who favour the proposed changes are _ (介词) the majority.3). They had a large majority _ (介词) the other party at the last election. 4). The maj

3、ority of people _ (prefer) peace to war.5). The majority of the damage _ (be) easy to repair.Keys: 1). majority 2). in 3). over 4). prefer / prefers 5). is3. occur vi. 发生；出现；存在occur to. (主意) 浮现于脑海中；被想到；被想起；（某人）想到【温馨提示】occur是英语中很重要的动词，它用法灵活，常作为命题点来考查经常考查的角度是sth. occurs to sb. 或It occurs to sb. that从句

4、；以及occur与happen, take place等动词或动词短语的词义和用法辨析1). The tragedy occurred only minutes after take-off. 这一悲剧在起飞后几分钟内就发生了。2). Didn t it occur to you that he might be late? 你当时没有想到他可能会迟到吗?【即境活用】Has it ever _ you that this old book might be valuable?A. occurred B. occurred to C. struck to D. come【解析】选B。句意：你是否

5、曾经想过这本旧书可能有价值？occur to sb. 表示“某人想起”符合搭配形式。4.applicant n. 申请人 apply for. 申请 apply to. 适用fill in the application form for sth. 填写申请表application n. 申请(书)；应用；用途 apply v. 申请；运用，适用1). We had 250 applicants for the job. 有250人申请这份工作。2).As the wages were low, there were few applicants for the job. 因为工资低, 没有什

6、麽人申请这份工作。【即境活用】 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). Successful _ (apply) will receive notification within the week. 2). This rule can t be applied _ (介词) every case.3). You should _ _(申请) the job immediately, in person or by letter. 4). The question in the second half of the form _ _ (适用) married men only.Keys

7、: 1). applicants 2). to 3). apply for 4). apply to5. indicate vt. 指出；标示；表明indicate sth (to sb) 指示；指出；标示indicate that/wh-表示；示意indication n. 指出；表明indicative adj.指示的；暗示的1). I asked him where my sister was and he indicated the shop opposite. 我问他握姐姐在哪，他指指对面的商店。2). Research indicates that men find it easi

8、er to give up smoking than women. 研究表明男人感到比女人更容易戒烟。【即境活用】根据句子的意思，在括号里填入适当的词。 1). The government has _ (表明) that it intends to cut taxes.2). A flashing red light _ (标示) that a stretch of road was undergoing repairs.3). There is every _ (indicate) of a change in the weather.Keys: 1). indicated2). indi

9、cated3). indication【重点短语】1. live on 继续生活或存在 【相关短语】live on sth 以某物为食；靠某种经济来源生活live by doing sth 靠做某事物为生live for sth 以某事物为生活目标live through sth 经历某事物而幸存live together 在一起生活；同居live up to sth 依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准live with sth 接受或容忍某现象 live to be. = live to the age of. 活到岁live a. life 过着的生活【即境活用】 根据句子的意思在括号

10、里填入适当的live短语。1). The lonely old man _ _ charity. 2). Mozart is dead but his music _ _. 3). My grandfather _ _ both world wars. 4). We should work hard and try to _ _ _ our parents expectations.5). The brave girl is learning to _ _ her disability.Keys: 1). live on 2). lives on 3). lived through 4). l

11、ive up to 5). live with2. make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等【相关短语】bring sb/sth (back) to life 给某人/事物的活力；使复活lay down one s life (for sb/sth) 为献身；牺牲生命lead a dog s life 过狗一般的生活（长期忧虑、痛苦或悲伤）make one s way in life 在生活中有所成就take one s (own) life: commit suicide 自杀put an end to one s life: kill oneself 自杀take sb s li

12、fe: kill sb 取某人性命a/sb s way of life（某人的或某些人的）生活方式a walk of life 行业；职业；阶层to the life 逼真 end one s days/life (in sth)（处於某状况下或在某处）度过余生【即境活用】 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。1). He laid down his life _ the cause of freedom. 2). They interview people from _ _ _ _ (各行各业的人). 3). She adapted easily to the French _ _

13、_ (生活方式). Keys: 1). for 2). all walks of life 3). way of life 3. keep up坚持；维持；沿袭古老的风俗、传统等；使某人不能去睡觉【相关短语】keep up with sb/sth. 跟上（某人/某事物）；（与某人/某事物）同步前进或保持联系；跟上（形势）keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事物；重复做某事物keep away from（使某人/事物）不靠近某人/事物 keep sb back from sb/sth（使某人）与某人/事物保持距离keep sth. back 阻止某事物keep oneself/sb

14、 from sth/doing sth 使自己/某人不能做某事物keep sth from sb 不将某事告诉某人keep off (sb/sth) 不接近或不接触某人/事物keep sb/sth out (of sth) 不让某人/物进入（某处）keep in touch with保持与某人的联系keep fit 保持健康1). You re all doing a splendid job; keep up the good work! 你们干得都很出色, 要坚持下去!2). I do hope we re not keeping you up. 我希望我们没有耽误你睡觉。【即境活用】In

15、 the face of all these difficulties, were not discouraged and our spirits _ well.A. keep up B. go up C. hold up D. pick up【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：面对所有这些困难，我们没有气馁，而是继续保持斗志。keep up继续保持；go up上升；hold up支撑，耽搁；pick up捡起，接收。4. mark out 划线标出界线be marked with. 标记着Please mark out the sentences that you don t unders

16、tand with a red pen. 请用红笔标出你不懂的句子。【即境活用】根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。1). I ve lost a case _ _ (标记着) “IX” on its back.2). She carefully _ _ (划线标出) the important phrases and sentence patterns.Keys: 1). marked with 2).marked out 5.take in 包括；吸收；接纳；欺骗【相关短语】take apart拆开；剖析，抨击(论点等)take down拿下，取下；拆卸；记下take back取回，带回；

17、收回说过的话；使回忆起昔日 take care of 照料，保管take up开始从事；占用(时间或空间)；着手处理 take medicine服药take it easy别紧张，慢慢来take over继承，接收，接管take off脱下(衣服等)；起飞take on承担，从事；呈现take one s place入座；代替某人的位置 take one s time不急，慢慢干 1). The students find it easy to take in what you teach. 学生发现你的课很好懂。2).He had nowhere to sleep so we offered

18、 to take him in. 他没地方可以睡，我们于是就提出让他留宿。【即境活用】用与take相关的短语填空。1). Don t be _ _ by his promises.2). Who do you think will _ _ now that the governor has been dismissed? 3). These boxes of yours are _ _ too much space. 4). 1 was really _ _ when seeing old photos. 5). Dear ladies and gentlemen，please now _ _

19、 _.The opera is soon to begin.6). Tom carefully _ _what the teacher saidKeys: 1). taken in 2). take over3). taking up 4). taken back 5). take your place 6). took down6. a great/good many 相当多，很多a great/good manya large number ofscores ofdozens ofmany/few修饰可数名词复数many a 修饰可数名词单数a good/great deal ofa la

20、rge/great amount of large amounts of much / little / a little修饰不可数名词a lot of = lots ofplenty ofa large/great quantity of = quantities ofa supply of = supplies of可数名词复数/不可数名词【重点句型】语法核心突破名词性从句1、名词性从句中连接词的运用名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomeve

21、r / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。（1）that的用法主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略如：That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem is that we dont have enough money.She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：

22、（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；（B）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉如：He judged that, because he was a child, he did not understand wine. Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.that从句作主语和宾语

23、时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that （B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that .（C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that （D）It seems/happens that。如：It happened that I went out last night.It is said that China will win in the World Cup.【点拨】t

24、hat和what的区别。that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词 + 关系代词即常说的先行词 + that。如：Its shame that he has made such a mistake. Do what he says.【点拨】同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用wh

25、ich.同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰如：They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句)The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.（定语从句） 【点拨】whether和if的用法whether和if在宾语从

26、句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether如：It all depends on whether they will come back.后面直接跟or not 时用whether如：I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.主语从句表语从句中只能用whether。如：Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.The question is whether they have so much money.whether可以引导同位语从句，用

27、以说明前面的名词的内容，if不能。如：We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能如：The question of whether they are male or female is not important.I have not decided whether to go or not.间接引语位于句首时或者是间接引语提前时用whether不用if如：Thank you, but wheth

28、er Ill be free Im not sure at the moment.whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而if不能。如：Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.【点拨】疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分如：Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.You can choose whatever you like in the shop.疑问词 + ever还

29、可引导让步状语从句如：Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,Whatever you do, you must do it well.no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句如：No matter what you do, you must do it well.No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.【点拨】when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位

30、语从句如：They put forward the question where they could get the money.This is the place where the accident happened.2、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致（1）宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句表示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时如：Hello, I didnt know you were in London. How long have you been here?The teacher told us that light travels at a ve

31、ry high speed.（2）主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数如：When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.3、名词性从句的词序名词性从句在句

32、中要用陈述句语序如：He asked me what was the matter with me.Weve heard the news that well move into the new house.Whatever you say will interest us all.【语法专练】1life began on the earth is one of the biggest puzzles to scientists.AHowBWhatCWhereDThat2surprised me most wasthey had finished it so quickly AWhat；wha

33、t BThat；that CWhat；that DThat；what3. Many of the creatures in the movie “Avatar” are not real, but much of _ happens is attractive. A. whichB. thatC. whatD. them4. The firm invested approximately 60 million dollars init says is the worlds largestbottle-bottle recycling plant. A. that B. where C. wha

34、t D. how5. _never gives up will succeed.A. Whoever B. Who C. No matter who D. Whom6.The art centre is _ used to be a factory, _ millions of tractors were made. A. what; where B. where; where C. what; whichD. where; which7.It didnt surprise us at all caused his success.A. whyB. thatC. howD. what8It,s

35、 really no business of yours_I spend my summer holidays Awho Bwhich Cwhere Dwhom9. Is this research center _ you met some foreign guests last week? A. that B. where C. which D. in which10You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something what you might get in the future.A

36、 what B. that C. which D. whomKey: ACCCA ADCBA高考真题链接1.（2010江苏卷T27）Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?_.Ours is much stronger than theirs.A. Of course B. It depends C. Dont mention it D. By no means【解析】选D. by no means 表示绝不 It depends. 表示看情况而定.2（201

37、0北京卷T31）I want to be liked and loved for I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how【解析】选C. what 引导的宾语从句作for 的宾语，what在从句中作am的表语。3.（2010江苏卷T35）I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. Thats_I dont agree .You should have a more active life.【解析】选A. 这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词,

38、所以用where. 用表语从句.4.（2009安徽卷T10）We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all.A. given away B. kept awayC. taken up D. used up【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们努力找一个有七个人座位的桌子，但是它们都被占了。give away“分发, 泄露”；keep away“不接近，使离开”；take up 占用（时间、空间等）；use up“用完，用光”。5.(2008上海卷T36) It has been proved _ eating vegetables

39、in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.A. ifB. becauseC. whenD. that【解析】选D. 按照句意：据证明-可知it为形式主语，用that。综合效能检测一、听力(略)二、单项选择21. Either you or he _ to be invited to the partyAis likelyBare likelyCis possiblyDare possibly22. Less than twenty percent of the employees in t

40、heir company are women. That is to say, women are in the _. A. majority B. activity C. probability D. minority23. Which director was he _when talking about the latest film?A. looking up B. giving out C. applying for D. referring to24. Its beyond words. Nowhere else in the world _ such a wonderful ho

41、use! A. can find you B. you can find C. there can be D. can there be25. Its not _books you read but the way _ you read them that decides how successfully you gain knowledge.Athe number of ; /Ba number of ; in whichCa good many ; which Dquite a few ; in which26. Some students find it hard to_ the new

42、 teachers dialect.A. take in B. take up C. take over D. take on27. In the end, they found a great deal of evidence _ that the so-caloled gentleman was a thief.A. indicate B. to be indicating C. to indicate D. indicating28. surprises us most is that she doesnt even know the difference between the two

43、 lies.A. What; where B. All; which C. What; that D. That; where29. It didnt surprise us at all caused his success.A. whyB. thatC. howD. what30. A warm thought suddenly came to me _ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.A. if B. whenC. thatD. which31. It is _ honor

44、for anyone to be elected _ manager of such an important department. A. / ; a B. / ; / C. a ; a D. an ; /32. A good idea _ to me, and I quickly picked up the phone to tell Jack about it.A. struckB. appeared C. happenedD. occurred33. A large _ of the hotels income _ from the visitors to the lake nearb

45、y.A. percentage ; are B. percentage; is C. percent; are D. percent; is34. -Heard about the TOYOTA Recall? -Yeah. _ the measure, the car company is heavily influenced on its reputation.A. without B. despite C. besides D. although35. As the wages were low,there were few _for the job.A.employees B.appl

46、icants C.inventors D.researchers三、完形填空 When I come across a good article in reading newspapers, I often want to cut and keep itBut just as I am about to do so, I find the article on the 36 side is as much interestingIt may be a discussion of the way to37 in good health, or 38 about how to behave and

47、 conduct oneself in societyIf I cut the front article, the opposite one is likely to 39 damage, leaving out half of it or keeping the text40 the titleTherefore, the scissors would 41 before they start, 42 halfway done when I findout the 43 resultSometimes two things are to be done at the same time,

48、both worth your 44 You can only takeup one of them, the other has to wait or be 45 upBut you know the future is unpredictablethe changed situation may not allow you to do what is left 46 Thus you are47 in a difficult position and feel sadHow 48 that nice chances and brilliant ideas should gather aro

49、und all at once? It may happen that your life 49 greatly on your preference of one choice to the otherIn fact that is what 50 is like: we are often 51 with the two opposite sides of a thing which are both desirable like a newspaper cuttingIt often occurs that your attention is drawn to one thing onl

50、y52 we get into anotherThe 53 may be more important than the latter and give rise to dividedmindI 54 remember a philosophers remarks: When one door shuts, another opens in life So acasual 55 may not be a bad one36Afront Bsame Ceither Dopposite37Aget Bkeep Clead Dbring38Aadvice Bnews Ca theory Da rep

51、ort39Asuffer Breduce Cprevent Dcause40Aon Bfor Cwithout Doff41Ause Bhandle Cprepare Dstay42Aor Bbut Cso Dfor43Asatisfying Bregretful Csurprising Dimpossible44Acourage Bstrength Cattention Dpatience45Agiven Bheld Cmade Dpicked46Anear Balone Cabout Dbehind47Afilled Battracted Ccaught Dstruck48Adares B

52、comes Cdeals Ddoes49Aimproves Bchanges CprogressesDgoes50Astudy BsocietyCnature Dlife51Afaced Bsupplied Cconnected Dfixed52Abefore Bafter Cuntil Das53Afollowing Bnext CaboveDformer54Astill Balso Conce Dalmost55Atreatment Baction Cchoice Dremark四、阅读理解 ANeed more evidence that London is a serious coffee town? Mr. Davies is actually Englands third consecutive world barista champion. The first was James Hoffmann, who started Square Mile Coffee Roasters ) in 2008.