高考英语名词性从句复习课件

1、2021/3/261一、相关概念二、种类三、常见引导词四、七大常考考点1.thatwhatwhich 2.it形式主语、宾语的用法3.语序问题 4.同位语从句和定从的区别5.whatwhatever6.ifwhether 7.虚拟语气问题五、高考定语从句和名词性从句考题2021/3/262What I am thinking now is that it is our responsibility that we should do whatever we can to realize our dream that wellmake our motherland richer,stronger

2、, and more prosperous. 2021/3/263. 什么叫什么叫“名词性从句名词性从句”?v名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语主语 His job is important.What he does is important.表语表语This is his job.This is what he does every day. 2021/3/264宾语宾语 I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.同位语同位语 I dont know about the man, Mr. White

3、.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.2021/3/265相关概念1.名词名词:表示人或事物的名称的词表示人或事物的名称的词2.名词的句法作用名词的句法作用:名词在句中主要作名词在句中主要作主语主语,宾语宾语,表语和同位语表语和同位语。另外还可以作。另外还可以作定语定语,状语状语。3.名词性从句名词性从句: 在英语的句子结构中在英语的句子结构中,本来该由名词充本来该由名词充当的当的主主 语语、宾语宾语、表语表语和和同位语同位语,由一个由一个句子来充当句子来充当,这个句子就叫这个句子就叫:名词性从句。名词性从句。2021/3/2661.

4、When we will start is not clear.2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief.3. My idea is that we should do it right now.4.I had no idea that you were her friend.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句二、二、 名词性从句的种类名词性从句的种类（动词、介词、形容词之后的宾从）（动词、介词、形容词之后的宾从）2021/3/2671）从属连词）从属连词that只引导只引导,本身无意义本

5、身无意义,仅起引导仅起引导作用。（引导宾语从句时作用。（引导宾语从句时省省,但是如果是并但是如果是并列的多个宾语从句，只能省第一个）列的多个宾语从句，只能省第一个）2）连接代词）连接代词who,whom,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等等,有意义有意义,作成分作成分3）连接副词）连接副词where,when,how,why等等,有意义有意义,在句中作状语在句中作状语4）从属连词）从属连词if,whether（是否）（是否）(if 只能引导动只能引导动词、形容词之后的宾语从句词、形容词之后的宾语从句)2021/3/268 1._he said has

6、nothing to do with you.2. _well start tomorrow will be told soon.3. _he did such a thing satisfied me.4_ we can protect cultural relics needs to be discussed.whatwhenThatHow2021/3/2692021/3/2610 1. _ he said it made us angry . _ he said at the meeting made us angry. 2. A modern city has been set up

7、in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. whereThatWhat2021/3/2611考点考点1:连接词连接词: that 与与 what 的区别的区别 That (a new teacher will come to our school ) is true . What we cant get seems better than what we have .that 只起连接作用只起连接作用,无意义无意义,在从句中不在从句中不 充充当任何成分当任何成分 what 既有连接作用既有连接作用, 又要在从句

8、中作成分又要在从句中作成分（ 主语，宾语，主语，宾语， 表语）表语）( 的东西的东西;物物;话话;时间时间;地点地点;人物人物;数目等不同概念数目等不同概念)2021/3/2612 1.After five hours drive, they reached was the place theyd been dreaming of. 2. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at was a dangerous speed. 3. The way he did it was different from we were

9、 used to. 4._ the earth is round is known to us all.5. Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer.whatwhat whatThatthat2021/3/2613B : what (什么什么) / which ( 表选择表选择, 哪哪一个一个) 1. -Do you know_Mr Blacks address is ? -He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im

10、 not sure of _. 2. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was? whatwhichwhich2021/3/26141）_ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 高考题选萃高考题选萃2021/3/26152)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A.What B. That C. The fact D. The

11、matter3) Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is - not ever. A. that B. which C. of which D. what 2021/3/26161.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_ is a pity .2.他来不来不重要。他来不来不重要。_doesnt matter.It doesnt matter whetherThat he made such a mistakeIt is a pity that考点考点 2 :it作形式主语作形式主语,形式宾语的用法形式宾语

12、的用法 it 作形式主语作形式主语Whether he will come or not2021/3/2617 It is well known/reported/ thought/said that It is clear/necessary/certain/true that It is a pity/a shame/an honor that It doesnt matter whether It seems that It happens that2021/3/2618 1. _is known to all, Taiwan is only part of China. A. As B

13、. That C. Which D.What 2. It is known to all_ Taiwan is only part of China.A. as B. that C. if D. for 3. It was on Sunday _ I met him. A. that B.when C. what D.which （非限制性定语从句）（非限制性定语从句）（强调句）（强调句）2021/3/2619 * (2) it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容指代后面从句所叙述的内容, 常用于这些动词后常用于这些动词后, like/dislike/love/hate /appreciate/make

14、+it 后后常跟常跟if 或或when从句从句 . it 作形式宾语作形式宾语*(1) make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that / to doI think it necessary that we take plenty of water every day.I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .*(3) depend on it that 2021/3/26201. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear an

15、d bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one2.You may depend on _ that you parents will help you whenever you need it. A.them B. yourself C. it D. me 2021/3/26211.The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our

16、village looks like 2021/3/2622v2.You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news .vA. how he was excitedvB. how was he excitedvC. how excited he wasvD. he was how excited2021/3/26233.He asked_for a violinA. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2021/3/26244.Wh

17、at time do you think _?A.will Besty come here B.Besty will come hereC.is Besty coming hereD.can Besty get here2021/3/2625考点考点4 4 同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句一般跟在名词同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, information, knowledge, doubt, hope, law, opinion, plan, suggest

18、ion后面后面, 用以说用以说明或解释前面的名词的内容明或解释前面的名词的内容.定语从句定语从句:对先行词起修饰限制作用对先行词起修饰限制作用2021/3/2626The news that she passed the exam excited her parents .The news that we know from her excited all of us .解释说明解释说明;that在从句中不充当成分在从句中不充当成分但是不能省。但是不能省。修饰限定修饰限定;that在从句中有成分、在从句中有成分、作宾语时可以省。作宾语时可以省。同位语从句同位语从句定语从定语从句句2021/3/

19、26271.The suggestion that he should not go there is of great value.2. The suggestion that he made is of great value.3.The fact that he won the first place cant be denied.4.The fact that he told me excited me.同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从定语从句句定语从定语从句句2021/3/2628注注: 1. 1. 同位语从句多用同位语从句多用that 引导引导2. 在在have no

20、 idea 之后常用之后常用wh-引导同位语从句引导同位语从句. I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.2021/3/2629考点5.选择填空（what,whatever,who,whoever)v1._ was said here must be kept secret.v2. _we need is more time.v3._ made the long distance call to him is not important.v4._ brea

21、ks the law will be punished. WhateverWhatWhoWhoever2021/3/2630v _等引导的等引导的名词性从句名词性从句不含有疑问意义不含有疑问意义, ,相当相当于名词后加一个定语从句于名词后加一个定语从句, ,而而v_等引导的等引导的名词性从句都名词性从句都含有疑问意义含有疑问意义。whoever, whateverWho, what 请你归纳请你归纳who,whoever/what,whatever ?2021/3/26311._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A

22、.Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever高考题选萃高考题选萃2021/3/26322. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A.anyone B. whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 注注:wh-ever 既可引导名词性从句既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语从句又可引导让步状语从句no matter wh- 只引导让步状丛只引导让步状丛2021/3/2633 3. It is generally considered unwise to give a

23、 child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 2021/3/2634考点考点6.用用if 或或whether 填空填空v1. I dont know _Ill be free tomorrow.v2. It seemed as if he was indifferent(漠然漠然)_ he could get into a lifeboat.v3. The question is _ this vbook is worth writing.whether / ifwhetherif2021/3

24、/2635v4. It depends on _ we will have enough money.v5. _ they can do it matters little to us.a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从主语从句、表语从句、同位语从 句、句、 介词后面的宾语从句只能用介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether, 不能用不能用if ;b.后面紧跟后面紧跟 or not 时时, 用用whetherc.宾语从句是否定结构时只用宾语从句是否定结构时只用ifwhetherWhether2021/3/2636 1._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the

25、 weather. A. If B.Whether C. That D.Where2021/3/26371.在在order,demand,request，advise，等所接的等所接的宾语从句宾语从句中用中用should 型虚拟语气。型虚拟语气。should 常省略常省略。 2.在在order，suggestion等名词后等名词后同位语从句，表同位语从句，表语从句语从句中用中用should 型虚拟语气，可省略型虚拟语气，可省略should3.在在as if，as though引导的引导的表语从句表语从句中，在必要中，在必要的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。2021/3/2

26、6384.在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有常用的句型有:（1）It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that. （2） It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.) that. （3） It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that.如如: It is strange that she

27、 (should) think so. 2021/3/26391.It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master 2.His suggestion was that we_another meeting to discuss the question. A. hold B. would hold C. held D. holding 2021/3/26405. wish后后,从句中的时态在原本的

28、时态上退一步从句中的时态在原本的时态上退一步,即即 wish that did/were(跟现在相反跟现在相反)would +do (跟将来相反跟将来相反)had done (跟过去相反跟过去相反)I wish that I _that film star yesterday.A saw B. had seen C would see D has seen would rather that sb did sth sb had done 2021/3/26412021/3/2642 做题三步曲做题三步曲: 步骤一步骤一:首先把主句和从句区分首先把主句和从句区分开来。开来。步骤二步骤二:分析从句缺何种成分。分析从句缺何种成分。步骤三：根据分析步骤三：根据分析,选择恰当的选择恰当的连词连词2021/3/2643福建卷福建卷27. _ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. A. It B. What C. AsD. Which湖南卷湖南卷29. When asked _ they nee