基础英语Iunit14words

1、 accompany v. 1）happen or exist at the same time as 伴随；与同时发生 strong winds accompanied by heavy rain 狂风夹着暴雨2）(formal)to travel or go somewhere with sb 陪同；陪伴e.g. His wife accompanied him on the trip. 那次旅行他由妻子陪同。2. artificial: adj. 1) not natural 非自然形成的; 人造的； 虚假的2)（行为）虚伪的；矫揉造作的3.assume v. suppose 假设，假定

2、，假想Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds.咱们暂时假设计划成功。e.g.4.attendance n. 1) the act of being present, esp. regularly 出席；参加；到场Teachers must keep a record of students attendances.老师必须记录学生的出勤情况。2) 出席人数There was an attendance of 31 at the meeting.有31人参加了会议。e.g.e.g.5. body n. 1)a large amount

3、or collection of sth. 大量；大批；大堆 of sth. abody of evidence/information/research大量证据/信息/研究2)身体，躯体bodybuilding健美/健身运动bodylanguage体态语言6. capacity: n. 1） sb.s ability or power to do sth. 能力，才能creative capacity 创造能力2）role; a particular position or duty 职位；职责，身份，资格e.g.He said that in the capacity as mayor.他

4、是以市长的身份说那番话的。3) 容量；容积The seating capacity of this theatre is 500.该剧院有500个座位。7. competence n. the ability and skill to do sth. what is needed 技能，本领； 能力，胜任professional/technical competence专业/技术能力competent adj. 有能力的，称职的8. contact n. 1) sb. one knows in a position to be of help熟人 （尤指）社会关系Hes made some u

5、seful contacts in journalism.我在新闻界结交了一些有用的人。2) the act of communicating with sb, especially regularly（尤指经 常的）联系，联络I finallymade contact with her in Paris.我最终在巴黎与她取得了联系。v. 联系，联络（如用电话或信件） Ive been trying to contact you all day. 我整天一直在设法与你联系。e.g.e.g. As soon as the singer sang a very beautiful song, th

6、e cultivated audience stood up, cheering and clapping their hands.9. cultivated: adj. 1) showing good education, manners, etc. 有教养的；有修养的；举止文雅的 cultivated fields2) (ofland土地)usedtogrowcrops用于耕作的e.g.cultivated mushrooms3) 栽培的，培植的10. diction n. choice and use of words and phrases in speech and writing

7、措辞；用词 发音Her manner and diction were always faultless.她的风度举止、遣词用字总是无可挑剔。e.g.dictionary n. 词典11. discipline n. the practice of making people obey rules and orders, or the controlled situation that results from this practice 纪律，训练The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.这所学校因纪律严格而名闻

8、遐迩v. 训练；训导；管教 oneself自我控制；严格要求（自己）e.g. 12. efficiency: n. the state or quality of being working well and without waster 效率；效能；功效e.g. Weweremostimpressedwithyourefficiency.你的效率给我们留下很深刻的印象。efficient: adj.Antonym: inefficiency13. endeavor n. an attempt or effort, esp. to do sth. new or difficult 努力，尽力

9、vi. (fml) try very hard, strive 尝试，试图Our endeavor was valuable.我们的努力是有价值的！e.g.We always endeavor to please our customers.我们总是尽力满足顾客。14. inconsiderable: adj. very small 微小的； 不值得考虑的； 无足轻重的not inconsiderable (formal) 巨大的；值得重视的e.g. We have spent a not inconsiderable amount of money on the project alread

10、y. 我们已经在这一项目上投入了一笔相当大的资金。antonym: considerable 15. indispensable adj. that is too important to live without不可或缺的；必不可少的She made herself indispensable to the department.她成为这个部门不可缺少的一分子.Syn. essentiale.g. 16. induce: vt. 1) bring about; give rise to 引起；引发；导致2) 劝说；诱使The medicine will induce sleep.这种药使人入

11、睡。I would do anything to induce them to stay.我会想尽一切办法劝他们留下来。Derivation:inducement: n. 劝诱，刺激17. institution n. 1) a habit, custom, etc. that has been in existence for a long time （由来已久的）风俗习惯，制度the institution of marriage婚姻制度aneducational/financial, etc. institution教育、金融等机构3） 慈善机构，社会福利机构2) 机构18. outst

12、anding adj. extremely good 优秀的；杰出的；出色的an outstanding player/achievement杰出的运动员/成绩19. philosopher n. sb,. who studies and develops ideas about the nature meaning of existence, reality, knowledge, goodness, etc. 哲学家, 深思的人；善于思考的人philosophy n. 哲学philosophical adj. 哲学的philosophize v. 使哲学化，用哲学推究20. precisi

13、on n. exactness 精确；准确；细致 He chose his words with precision .他用词确切。e.g. adj.精确的，准确的21. prose n. written language in its usual form, as different from poetry 散文refined adj. 1) showing, or intending to show education, and gentleness of manners 有礼貌的；优雅的；有教养的2) 精炼的；提纯的；精制的refined sugar/oil精制糖/提炼过的石油refin

14、ed and gentle manners 温文尔雅的举止refine vt. 净化，精练refinement n. 精练，文雅，提纯23. scholarship n. 1）the knowledge, work, or method of a scholar 学问；学术；学术研究Hewenttodramaschoolonascholarship.他靠奖学金上了戏剧学校。2）奖学金a magnificent work of scholarship学术巨著24. slovenliness n. the state or quality of being not concerned about

15、conventional standards of personal hygiene and tidiness 脏乱，不修边幅The slovenliness of our language makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts.我们语言的混乱使用是我们更容易产生一些愚蠢的想法。e.g. 25. superficial: adj. 1） on the surface 表面的；浅表的 A superficial wound is not serious. 表面的伤不太严重。2) 肤浅的，浅薄的；缺乏深度的She has a superfi

16、cial knowledge of the language.她对这种语言仅略知一二。e.g. e.g. superficiality n. 表面性的事物，浅薄，肤浅superficially adv. 表面地，浅薄地26. trait n. a particular quality in sbs character 性格，品质，特质Two traits in the American character are generosity and energy.美国人性格的两大特点是豪爽和充满活力。e.g. 27. unconscious a. not knowing about sth. 不知道

17、的，未觉察的， 未意识到的He was quite unconscious of the danger.他丝毫没有意识到危险。unconsciously adv. 无意地，不知不觉地unconsciousness n. 处于失去知觉的状态e.g. 28. variously adv. in all kinds of ways or at different times 各种各样地，不同地various adj. 各种各样的variety n. 多样化，各种各样的事物29. visionary a. existing only in sbs mind and unlikely to ever e

18、xist in the real world 空想的，幻想的Mary is a visionary girl; she spends her time daydreaming.玛丽是个好幻想的女孩，她常把时间消磨于做白日梦。e.g. n. 空想家，占卜者30. vulgarity: n. the state or quality of being impolite and showing bad manners 庸俗； 粗俗；粗野的行为Derivations:vulgar adj 粗俗的，庸俗的vulgarize: v. 使庸俗vulgarization: n 庸俗化e.g. I hate the vulgarity of this room. 我讨厌这个房间的庸俗劲儿。1. after all 1） in spite of everything 毕竟，仍然2）everything else having being considered 终究，最终He rejoiced that all the work was af