经济学原理试题

1、1、The primary focus of economics is on: (A)A、The related problems of scarcity and choice.B、How to make money on the stock market.C、Why there are no choices to be made.D、Mathematical estimation of theoretical models.2、When there are in sufficie nt resources to satisfyall in dividual wan ts; (D)A、Gove

2、rnment has to decide which wants go unsatisfied.B、A market system must be implementedC、Choices must be made.D、Prices must rise.3、The primary implication of scarcity is that; (C)A、One should never wait until tomorrow to buy something that is available today.B、Government planning is required to determ

3、ine how resources are to be used.C、Choice must be madeD、The standard of living will decline over time.4、Time: (D)A、is not a scarce resource becausbere ' s always tomorrowB、Is a scarce resource for producers, but not for consumers.C、Is a scarce resource for consumers. but not for producers.D、is a

4、 scarce resource for every one5、Economics is about how individuals and countries; (A)A、Satisfy unlimited wants with limited resources;B、Satisfy limited wants with unlimited resourcesC、Satisfy unlimited wants with unlimited resources.D、Satisfy limited wants with limited resources6 Scarcity; (D)A、Refl

5、ects greedB、indicates the need for a control planning authorityC、Indicates the need for free marketsD、Requires making choices among alter natives.7、When resources are limited but wants are unlimited individuals must; (A)A、Make choices among availableautomotives.B、Put the public in crust before self-

6、i nterestC、Become less greedy.D、Reduce their expectations8、In the United States, the question of which goods are produced, and in what Quantities, are primarily answered by: (D)A、The governmentB、Producers.C、Consumers and the governmentD、Consumers and producers;9、The numbers of automobiles, televisio

7、ns, and pizzas that are produced at any point in time represent and answer to the basic economic question of ; (B)A、How items are produced.B、Which goods are produced, and in what quantities.C、For whom these items are produced.D、Who makes economic decisions10、In the United States, goods are primarily

8、 produced for; (C)A、Those who want there but cannot afford themB、Those who can afford them but do not want them;C、Those who want them andcan afford them;D、Those who need them but cannot afford them;11、Under a system of central planning;(D)A、The government is invoIved only in the basic economic quest

9、ion of which goods are produced;B、The gover nment is invo Ived only in the basic econo mic questi ons of how goods are produced.C、The market system is left to function in less complex markets;D、The government answers the threes basic economic questions;12、Whe n econo mists talk about a mixed economy

10、 they referri ng to the; (B)A、In terlake n betwee n the product and labor markets;B、Observation that both government and individuals make decisions;C、 Interaction between consumers and products;D、Relati on ship betwee n microec ono mics and macroec ono mics;13、The United States is an example of a ec

11、onomy, in which markets censure theof the economy andthe government addresses concerns of (B)A、Centrally planned ; efficiency; equity;B、Mixed; efficiency;equity;C、M arket: equity; efficiency;D、Mixed: equity; efficiency;14、Markets: (D)A、Allow buyers and sellers to com muni cate their desire to make e

12、xcha nges.B、Will not resolve the question of how much of each good is produced.C、Will not resolve the economic question of for whom goods are produced;D、Eliminate scarcity and the problems associated with limited resources削减)15、in a market economy; the questions of which goods are produced, and in w

13、hat qua ntities, are an swered by; (D)A、the government;B、producersC、consumers and government;D、consumers and producers;16、The market system will not; (A)A、Provide individuals with all they want;B、Determine how goods are produced;C、Determine which goods are produced;D、Determine for who goods are prod

14、uced.17、All of the following, except one are accurate descriptions of the U.S. government ' s roWhich is not true? (B)A、It sets the legal structure under which firms and individuals operate.B、 It answers the basic economic question of which goods are produced and in what qua ntities.C、It supplie

15、s goods and services not provided by the market;D、It aids many of those citizens who are disadvantaged.18、In the product market; households; (B)A、are sellers of goods;B、are buyers of goods;C、determine how goods are produced;D、are sometimes buyers; sometimes sellers, of goods.19、Microeconomics is tha

16、t branch of economics that focuses primarily on: (D)A、inflation and unemployment;B、Behavior in highly aggregated markets;C、Economic growth in less developed countries;D、The behavior of firms, households, and individuals20、All of the following except one ,would an appropriate focus of study for micro

17、ec ono mics Which is not? (B)A、The determ in atio n of prices in the computer in dustry;B、The determ in ati on of the rate of in flati on;C、The level of product ion by a firm in the compact disc in dustryD、The in teracti on of supply and dema nd in the corn market.21、Macroeconomics is that branch of

18、 economics that focuses primarily on: (C)A、Market economies;B、The behavior of in dividual un its;C、Economic aggregatessuch as unemployment and inflation;D、Centrally planned economies;22、Positive economics (D)A、Is of no help in making judgments;B、Concerns what should be;C、Is a subset of normative eco

19、nomics;D、Predicts the consequences of action s 23、Which of the following is a positive economic statement? (C)A、Un employme nt in sura nee is too low;B、Lowering unemployment is more important than curbing inflationC、The typical doctor earns more than the typical blue-collar worker;D、Un employme nt i

20、n sura nee is too high.24、Normative economics (C)A、Describes how the economy operates;B、Focuses on what is ;C、Concerns what should be;D、Predicts the consequences of actions;25represe ntsA、macroeconomic analysis;B、a shot in the dark;C、microeconomic analysis.D、positive economic analysis.26、The belief

21、that in dividuals weigh the costs and ben efits of each possibility ope n to them is referred to as the assumpti on of; (A)A、opportunity cost;B、scarcity;C、production possibilities;D、rational choice;27、The econo mist ' s assumpti on of rati onal choice is based on the expectati on thatin dividual

22、s:(B)A、Use economic models to make choices.B、Make choices and decisions in pursuit of self-interest;C、Collect all possible information prior to making a choice.D、All have the same preferences;28、In their study of rational consumers,economists focus on; (C)A、What determines the goals and desires of c

23、onsumers;B、Why different consumers have different preferences;C、 How consumers ' preferences affect tth©ices consumers make;D、Why consumers ' preferences change over time;29、Rati on ality in the case of fins is take n to man that they strive to : (A)A、Maximize profits;B、Charge the highe

24、st possible price;C、Maximize revenues;D、Sell the highest quantity prosodic;30、Competitive markets are efficient This means that; DA、Scarcity is eliminated;B、it is possible to produce more of all goods with existing resources;C、The only way to produce more is to put currently idle resources to work;D

25、、it is not possible to produce more on one good without producing less of some other good.31、Which of the following is the most eccentrically efficient method of allocating resources? (B)A、LotteriesB、pricesC、RationingD、first-come, first served32、Assume that pizza and Coke are the only two goods avai

26、lable to Ian. The price of Coke is $2 per pitcher and Pizza is $1 per slice If lane has $20 to spe nd, which graph in Figure represe nts 1an s budget con stra int? (D)A、Graph aB、Graph b33、Anthony spe nds all his in come on loaves of brand and fish Bread costs S2 per loaf and fish are SS. Anthony 

27、9; income is S20 Which of the followi ng comb in ati ons ofloaves and fish lies on AnthonyA、4 loaves and 3 fishC、6 loaves and 2 fishs budget comstra int?B、5 loaves and 2 fishD、7 loaves and 2 fishs budget con stra int. What is the price of atte nding a (A)D、S1534、Figure 2 shows Christopher movie if C

28、hristopher in come is $ 30?con certsA、$ 1.535、Karen sleeps eight hours a night, and works eight hours a day. She spends the remaining eight hours swimming and watching TV. If the were to ignore the time she spe nds work ing and sleep ing her time con stra int would in dicate; (A)A、The various comb i

29、n ati ons of hours she can devote to swimmi ng and watchi ng TVB、Which TV shows she watches;C、How many TV shows she could watch if she did not go swimming;D、Which TV shows she could watch and how many lengths of the pools she could swim;36、A production possibilities curve defined over guns and butte

30、r shows;(B)A、How much land the country needs to produce guns and butter;B、The maximum amount of guns that can be produced for each amount of butter produced.C、The minimum amount of guns and butter required by the country given its populatio n;D、The minimum amount of guns that can be produced for eac

31、h remount of butter produced;37、A country ' s production possibilities curve is downwsloping because;(D)A、Resources are equally well equipped for the production of any good;B、The more a country ' s inhabitants have of anything the lower is the value the paler on hav ing more of it .C、Some re

32、sources are better equipped for the product ion of one good tha n ano ther;D、If we want to produce more of one good. We must sacrifice some production of the other good;38、If a country ' s production possibilities curve bows outward ,this indicates that;(D)A、to produces more of one good the coun

33、try must sacrifice intrudingly large amounts of the other good;B、Scarcity is less of a problem the more of the country produces;C、The country faces fixed trade-offs;D、The country can produce more of all goods simultaneously;39、Figure 3 how ' s a country ' s product ion possibilities curve de

34、fi ned over hamburgersD、Point DC、Point CB、Point Eand machines. At which point can the country be said to be producing in sufficie ntly?(D)HamburgersA、Point A's propkuciioinity curve defined over hamburgers40、Figure 3 shows a countryand machines. Which of the following statement about point C is

35、correct? (C)A、It represe ntsa comb in ati on of hamburgers and mach ines product ion that is less desirable tha n point E.B、It reflects inefficient production.C、It reflects an un atta in able comb in ati on of hamburgers and mach ines;D、It reflects idle resources;41、The opportunity cost of an activi

36、ty is: (B)A、The amount of money spent on the activity;B、The next-best use of the resources devoted to the activity;C、Any cost that cannot be recovered;D、The value of the time spent on that activity.42、The saying“ there ' s no such thing as a free lisibased on the premise that:(C)A、Foot banks do

37、not exist.B、Food banks should not exist;C、 Everything has and opportunity cost;D、Gover nments always subsidize food product ion;43、 Jean has just begun attending college, Which of the following should not be in cluded in the opport unity cost of this activity ?(B)A、tuition feesB、the value of the mea

38、ls she consumesC、the value of books she purchases for courses;D、the wages she could have earned and she not gone to college44、The slope of a vertical line is (D)A、zeroB、 PositiveC、 negativeD、 Infinite45、Choices of individuals and films are limited by: (D)A、time constraintsB、product ion possibilities

39、C、budget constraintsD、all of the above;46、Individuals or countries trade with each other because theCA、are concerned with increasing society' s welfare;B、Cannot consume all they produce;C、Expect to gain as result of the trade;D、Have to dispose of excess resources;47、One of the principal advantag

40、es of trade is that allows countries to;(A)A、specialize according to comparative advantage.B、Dispose of excess supplies of goods that they do not want;C、Share equally in the potential gains from trade;D、Leave the exchange feeling that they have been treated fairly.48、Whe n the forces of supply and d

41、ema nd operate freely, the effects of a drought on the corn harvest will be indicated in the market by BA、 government-imposed limits on individuals' purchases of corn;B、An in crease in the price of corn.C、Advertisements in the newspapers advising people to reduce consumption;D、A reduction in the

42、 price of corn.49、The con cept of dema nd refers to the qua ntity of a good that buyersBA、would like to buy at a given price;B、Need to maximize satisfaction.C、Are able to purchase in the marketplace.D、Would purchase if they had un limited in come.50、The curve that describes the quantities of a produ

43、ct that a buyer would like to purchase at differe nt prices is called the:A、dema nd curveB、supply curveC、production possibilities curveD、budget constraint 51、The dema nd curve is dow nward slop ing which means that the qua ntity dema nded for a good whe n its price(D)A、rises; risesB、falls; fallsC、is

44、 unchanged; fallsD、rises; falls 52、An in dividual is typically willi ng to purchase more of a good at low prices tha n at high prices, which implies that the in dividual dema nd curve will be;(C)A、horizontalB、verticalC、downward slopingD、of in determ in ate shape 53、The market dema nd curve is BA、der

45、ived by vertically sum ming the in dividual dema nd curves at each qua ntity;B、derived by horiz on tally sum ming the in dividual dema nd curves at each price;C、derived by vertically sum ming the in dividual dema nd curves at each price;D、In depe ndent of the in dividual dema nd curves;54、Figure 4 s

46、hows two in dividualsdema nd curves for the same product. If these arethe only two in dividuals in the economy market dema nd at a price of S4 will be: DA、10 units B、15 unitsC、20 units D、25 units55、A decli ne in con sumers' in come will no rmally dauie;A、the dema nd curve to shift to the left;B、

47、A moveme nt along the dema nd curve such that qua ntity dema nded decli nes;C、An in dividual to in crease con sumpti on of any goods she purchases;D、A moveme nt along the dema nd curve such that qua ntity dema nded in creases;56、If and in crease in the price of good A leads to a rightward shift in t

48、he dema nd for good B. we would conclude that A and B: (A)A、are substitutes;B、could be either substitutes or complementsC、are unrelated;D、are neither substitutes nor complements;57、Which of the followi ng factors is most likely to lead to a shift in the dema nd curve for movie tickets? (C)A、A change

49、 in the price of attending a movie;B、A change in the size of movie theatersC、A change in the price of video rentals;D、Would buy at a given price;58、The concept of supply refers to the quantity of a good that firms: CA、Need to sell if they are to make positive profits;B、Are able to sell in the market

50、place.C、Would like to sell at a given price.D、Would buy at a given price.59、By the term “ supplycurve" , econo mists mean the curve describ ing the relati on ship betwee n price and the qua ntity supplied This focus on price meansDA、 econo mists believe price is the only factor that in flue nce

51、s qua ntity supplied.B、Prices is the only factor that in flue nces qua ntity supplied;C、 econo mists are in appropriately overlook ing other in flue nces on qua ntity supplied;D、econo mists are assu ming that other in flue nces qua ntity supplied are con sta nt so that the effect of price can be iso

52、lated,60、The supply curve is upward sloping which means that the quantity supplied of a good whe n its price(A)A、rises; risesB、 falls; fallsC、is unchanged; fallsD、rises; falls61、firm is typically willing to offer more of a good for sale at high prices than at lowpries which implies that the firm'

53、; s supply curve will be;(C)A、horizontalB、verticalC、upward slopingD、downward sloping62、An in crease in the price of an in put will no rmally cause; (D)A、a movement along the supply curve such that quantity supplied decanis;B、The supply curve to shift to the rightC、A firm to in crease the amount it o

54、ffers for saleD、The supply curve to shift to the left;63、A tech no logical improveme nt will no rmally cause; (A)A、the supply curve to shift the rightB、A movement along the supply curve such that quantity supplied declines;C、The supply curve to shift to left;D、An in dividualist to in verse con sumpt

55、i on of any goods she purchases.64、The qua ntity supplied is in flue need by both cha nges in price and cha nges in variables other than price Changes in result in the supply curve. (B)A、variables other than price; movements alongB、variables other than price; shifts ofC、price; shifts ofD、in put pric

56、es; moveme nts along65、At the equilibrium price; (D)A、the quantity demanded exceeds the quantity supplied.B、Both consumers and films think the price is fair.C、the quantity supplied encodes the quantity demanded.D、the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied.66、Excess dema nd will exist whe nev

57、er;(A)A、the actual price is below the equilibrium price;B、The price is such that the quantity demanded equals the quantity suppliedC、Scarcity has been eliminated.D、The actual price is above the equilibrium price.67、If the market price for a good is such that consumer wish to buy more of the good than fil