外研版高中英语必修2培优练习Unit1FoodforthoughtPeriodⅡ

1、Period n Using languageGrammar &Vocabulary-19 -Grammar （情态动词一）思维甘图课前自主预习观察句子，总结规律 .I was able_to hold a knife and for and chopsticks! But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother.Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen! .

2、wed_better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies, .You neednt try it if you dont want to, Mum said, .我的发现以上五个句子都使用了情态动词。（1）句中的be able to意为（2）句中的dare意为（3）句中的have to意为（4）句中的d better为的缩写，意为 “（5）句中的need意为答案：（1）能够（2）胆敢，敢于 （3）不得不 （4）had better；最好 （5）需要精讲课时语法一、be

3、able to 的用法be able to意为“能够，有能力”，不仅有时态、人称和数的变化，而且还可 以与某些系动词或情态动词连用（通常不与can连用），甚至还可以有非谓语形式。He hasnt been able_to get in touch with her.他一直未能和她联系上。You might be able_to persuade him.你也许能够说服他。I hope to_be_abje_to do the work.我希望能干得了这项工作。I regret not_being_able_to help her.我很遗憾未能帮助她。易混辨析 can和be able to都可以

4、表示能力，前者泛指一般的能力，只有两 种形式，即can, could；后者表示通过努力可以具备具体做到某件事的能力或实现 某种状态，重点强调的是要有一个努力的过程。如：I can drive a car.我会开车）I will_be_able_to drive the car in a week.（隐含着我努力一周后就有能力学会开 车的意思）、dare的用法 dare既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。1. dare作情态动词时，表示“敢，敢于，后跟动词原形，常用于疑问句、 否定句和条件句中。此时的dare没有人称、数和时态的变化，能单独构成否定和 疑问。例如：Dare you climb tha

5、t tree?你敢爬那棵树吗？He darent go there because it is very dangerous.他不敢去那儿，因为那儿很危险。2. dare用作实义动词时，有时态和人称的变化，用 do, does或did来构成否 定句或疑问句。She didnt dare to say a word, did she?她一句话也没敢说，是吗？三、have to的用法have to意为“不得不”，有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式为 dont/doesnt/didnt have toIts too late. I have_to go home now.天色太晚了，我现在得回家了。

6、You dont_have_to finish the work now.你现在没有必要完成这项工作。易混辨析 have to和must的区别have to表示一种客观的需要，而 must表示一种主观的需要。止匕外，must还表 示“偏要” “非得”的意思。I have_to attend an important meeting this afternoon.今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。I must clean the room because its dirty.我必须打扫一下房间，因为太脏了。四、had better的用法had better意为“最好”，后跟动词原形，常用来提出

7、建议，或表示迫切地希 望、警告等，语气较强。其中动词 had没有人称或数的变化。had better的简略式 为d better,否定式为 had better notShed_better get here soon or shell miss the opening ceremony.她最好快点到这儿来，否则她会错过开幕式的。They had_better_not be late.他们最好不要迟到。五、need的用法1 .作情态动词(1)need作情态动词时，常用于疑问句、否定句或表示疑问的从句中，意为“需 要”。 Need I finish the work today?Yes, you

8、 must./No, you neednt.我需要今天干完这活吗？是的，必须干完。/不用，你不必干完。(2)neednt意为“不必”，表示客观上不必如何。So I neednt pretend, need I?因此我不必假装，对吧？2 .作实义动词need作实义动词时，后可接名词、动名词、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的 变化。The bike needs repairing.=The bike needs_to_be repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。趁热打铁选词并用适当形式填空：be able to; dare; have to; had better; need1. She答案：dare

9、not go out alone at night.2. Its quite warm here so we 答案：neednot turn the heating on.3. You arrive early so that you will not miss anything.答案：had better4. He walk home yesterday because his car broke down.答案：had to5. Neither my wife nor I 答案：am able topersuade my daughter to change her mind now.6.

10、 Heplay the piano when he was 5 years old.答案：was able to/O2Vocabulary1related adj.后美系的，相关的(P5)归纳 拓展(1)be related to= be connected with 与有关系 /关联(2)relate v.联系,使后联系 relate to涉及；与 相关 relate . to .把 和联系起来 Light industry is closely related to agriculture.轻工业和农业密切相关。The questionnaire relates_to our lifest

11、yle.这份问卷调查和我们的生活方式有关。 It is difficult to relate these results to any known cause.很难把这些结果和任何已知的原因联系起来。Z即景活用(1)单句语法填空 This is an French word(relate) to music. We must relate what he says what he does.答案：related to(2)单句写作未来，工资的增加将和绩效相关。In the future, pay increases will productivity.他问了 一些和他的专业有关的问题。He

12、asked some questions his major.答案： be related to related to2diet n.日常饮食 vi.节食；按规定饮食(P5)归纳 拓展keep a balanced diet保持均衡的饮食 be on a diet节食(表状态)go on a diet节食(表动作) Everyone should keep a balanced diet for the benefit of health.为了健康，每个人都应该保持平衡的膳食。 Have you been_on_a_diet? Youve lost a lot of weight.你最近在节食

13、吗？你瘦了好多。 Ive been dieting ever since the birth of my second child.我生完第二个孩子后就一直在节食。即景活用单句写作My sister wants to (节食)，because she thinks she is overweight.狗衡的饮食)is important for a childs development.Drinking water is a key part of(健康的饮食)and it makesyour skin clearer and takes weight off.答案： go on a diet

14、 A balanced diet a healthy diet3addict n. 对着迷的人vt.使上瘾(P5)归纳(1)addict oneself to 沆WT;醉心于(2)addicted adj.上瘾的；沆迷丁某种嗜好的71 1。 拓展be/become/get addicted to . (3)addictive adj.使人上瘾的 addiction n.瘾，入迷，嗜好沉迷于;热爱After his divorce, Bruce addicted himself to drinking, thus losing his job.离婚后，布鲁斯终日醉酒，结果丢了工作。Teenage

15、rs who are addicted jo the Internet are more likely to suffer fromdepression.有网瘾的青少年更可能患忧郁症。 You should stop taking this medicine because it is addictive.你应该停止服用这种药，因为它令人上瘾。 Some students are now fighting their addiction to computer games.现在一些学生正努力戒除对电脑游戏的瘾。q即景活用(1)单句语法填空 Alcohol and tobacco are bot

16、h highly(addict) He is now fighting his(addict) to alcohol. We are addicted to(buy) new things.答案： addictive addiction buying(2)单句写作曾经有一段时间他玩电脑游戏上瘾。There was a time when he computer games.答案： was addicted to playing4in case 以防万一 (P5)归纳 拓展in case of以防万一（后跟名词）in that case如果那样的话in this case在这种情况卜in mos

17、t cases在大多数情况卜in any case无论如何，不管怎样in no case决不（位于旬首时句子用部分倒装）thats not the case情况并非如此as is often the case情况常常如止匕，常有的事Take an umbrella with you in case of rain.=Take your raincoat in _case_(that) it should rain.带上雨伞，以防下雨。 Inany case, I have to leave soon.无论如何，我必须尽快离开。 Inno case should you leave here.在

18、任何情况下你都不要离开这里。即景活用单句写作对他来说是常有的事，他上课迟到了。with him, he was late for class.带张地图吧，以防迷路。Bring a map you get lost.汤姆现在很忙。在这种情况下，我们就不再等了。Tom is very busy now. we wont wait any longer.无论如何我不能输掉这次重要比赛。this important match.万一有火警，将玻璃击碎。fire, break the glass.答案： As is often the case in case In this case In no ca

19、se can I lose In case of5differ v.不同，不一样，有区别（P5）归纳 拓展(1)differ from 与不 1司differ in在方面不同(2)different adj. /、同的;相异的 be different from . in . 在与不同(3)difference n. /、同;区别tell the difference between . and 分辨和的/、同make a difference有影响；起(重要)作用This proposal differs from the last onejn many important respects

20、.=This proposal is different from the last onejn many important respects.这个建议在很多重要方面与上一个不同。Compare the two pictures and tell_the difference between them.比较一下这两幅画，分辨出它们之间的不同。 One false step w川 make a great difference.差之毫厘，谬以千里。语境申记 Though they are twins, they have many differences. First of all, they

21、 differ_in hobbies. Jim likes playing football while Tom enjoys playing chess. In addition, they are_different_from each other in_ shape. Jim is tall and fat while Tom is short and thin.虽然他们是双胞胎，但他们有许多不同之处。首先，他们的爱好不同。吉姆 喜欢踢足球，而汤姆喜欢下棋。止匕外，他们体形不同。吉姆又高又胖，而汤姆又 矮又瘦。EZ即景活用单句语法填空 These two books differ col

22、ouLone is red and the other is blue. Our village is very(difference) from what it was before. The behavior of parents makes a great(different) to the children.答案： in different difference6recommend v.推荐(P6)归纳 拓展recommend doing sth.建议做杲事recommend sb. to do sth.建议某人做杲事 recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐某物 reco

23、mmend sb. as推荐某人为recommend that .建议 （that 从何应用 should+动词 原形，其中should可以省略）It is recommended that .建议（It 作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语） He strongly recommended going there by train. 他强烈建议坐火车去那儿。 Why did you recommend him to take such an important position?你为什么推荐他担任这么重要的职位？Would you recommend a book to me?你能给我推荐一

24、本书吗？ Ill recommend Tom as his assistant.我要推荐汤姆当他的秘书。 It is recommended that you should consult your doctor.建议你去咨询医生。q即景活用 1)单句语法填空 It is such a great hotel that I would recommend it any friend of minewho is going to Beijing. He recommended(read) the book before seeing the movie. Its strongly recomme

25、nded that the machine(repair) every year. 答案： to reading (should) be repaired (2)句型转换The doctor recommended (that) my father (should) take more exercise. fThe doctor recommended my father more exercise.答案：to take随堂演练 S UI TANG I .用be able to的适当形式完成句子1 .每个人都看得出两者的区别。Everyone see the difference betwee

26、n the two.答案：is able to2 .由于他的帮忙，我们昨天才能提前完成这项工作。Thanks to his help, we finish the work ahead of timeyesterday.答案： were able to3 .我还看不出两者的区别在哪儿。I see the difference between the two yet.答案：havent been able to4 .如果你睡个好觉，那么你就能做出这道题。If you have a good sleep, you work out this problem.答案：will be able to5

27、.我对不能帮助你感到抱歉。I feel bad about help you.答案：not being able to6 .他似乎能把复杂的思想用简单的话语说出来。He seemed put complicated thought in simple words.答案：to be able toH .用have to的适当形式完成句子1 .我把自己锁在了我们的公寓外面，不得不破门而入。I locked myself out of our apartment and break in.答案：had to2 .制定计划要从调查研究入手。To work out a plan, one start w

28、ith investigation.答案：has to3 .我得在5点钟到学校接孩子。I pick up the children from school at 5 oclock.答案：have tom .单句写作1 .我们的老师建议我们定期锻炼以保持身体健康。Our teacher recommends that.答案： we (should) take exercise regularly2 .犯罪率上升可能与失业率上升有关。The rise in crime is likely an increase in unemployment.答案：to be related to3 .这两个地区

29、的气候差异很大。These two regions.答案：differ greatly in climate4 .你应该带着你的雨伞以防下雨。You should take your umbrella.答案：in case it rains5 .不言而喻保持平衡的膳食能帮助你保持健康。It goes without saying that can help you stay healthy.答案：keeping a balanced dietIV .一句多译1 .时间很充足，你不必开这么快。Theres plenty of time. You so fast.Theres plenty of

30、time. You so fast.答案：neednt drive; dont need to drive2 .看看这些花，它们需要浇水了。Look at the flowers. They need.Look at the flowers. They need.答案： watering; to be watered3 .他一句话也不敢说。He a word.He a word.答案：dare not say; doesnt dare to say课后课时作业I 阅读理解Turning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating cou

31、ld be a quick way to lose weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works becauseit stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers （I发）a part of the brain thatis worried that unseen food may go bad.An experiment by the University of Konstanz, in Germany, found th

32、at people who were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full, compared to those who could see. They also vastly overestimated how much they had eaten becausethey could not see how much was left on the plate. Blindfolded volunteersestimated they had eaten 88 percent more

33、than they actually had.Scientists believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might have taken a full plate to feel full.In the experiment, 50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see

34、their food. All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment. They were then given three 95g bowls of chocolate ice cream and invited to eat for 15 minutes. Their bowls were taken away and the remaining ice cream weighed, while the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they h

35、ad eaten.On average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded group ate 105g. However, the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with 159g for the non blind volunteers. They were also asked how pleasant the ic e- cream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower

36、 than those who could see.“Theexperienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group. Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite. Sight plays an important role in the eatng experience and in the overall dining experience.”Previous studies have shown that the visua

37、l influence of food plays a large part in the taste. While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家通过研究发现人们在关灯或者 戴着眼罩时用餐可以减肥。1. With the lights out, diners eat less p

38、artly because.A. they want to quickly finish their mealsB. they trust their feelings more than everC. they focus more on fun than the caloriesD. they worry about the quality of the food答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句It also triggers （弓I发）a part ofthe brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.可知， 当关灯后，饮

39、食者可能 会担心食物的质量，故选D项。2. We can learn from the passage that the blindfolded group.A. spent a much longer time eating the same foodB. believed they ate more than they really didC. depended on past experiences to feel fullD. thought the food tasted better than usual答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Blindfolded voluntee

40、rs estimatedthey had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had以及实验过程可知，戴眼罩进食的志愿者们对进食量的估计远高于实际情况，故选B项。3. The last two paragraphs tell us that.A. diners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darknessB. senses rather than sight play an important role in the tasteC. findings of this experiment

41、differ from the previous studiesD. restaurants benefit a lot from allowing diners to eat in the dark答案：A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite并结合最后两段内容可知，最后两段主要讲的是在黑暗中用 餐，饮食者可能会降低食欲，故选 A项。4. The main purpose of the passage is to.A. provide statistics related to eating

42、 in the darkB. offer reasons for people to eat in the dark areasC. inform the readers of the result of an experimentD. persuade the readers to lose weight in a new way答案：C 推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文主要是通过叙述实验过程来告知 读者实验结果。故选C项。n 七选五Everyone knows that fish is good for health. _1_ But it seems that many people do

43、nt cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. _2_ This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way._3_ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you

44、should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh. _ 4_ When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or

45、two. Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish. _5_ First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices 倜料).Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more t

46、ime.) Then, its ready to serve.A. Do not buy it.B. The easiest is to steam it.C. This is how you can do it.D. It just requires a little knowledge.E. The fish will go bad within hours.F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.篇章导读：本文为

47、一篇说明文，介绍了购买、储存和烹饪鱼的小窍门。1. G 上旬提到吃鱼对人的健康有益，设空处应是对上旬的进一步解释说明，故G项“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病。”符合语境。2. D 上旬指出：购买、储存和烹饪鱼并不是难事。设空处承接上句，强调 “它只需要一点儿知识”，从而引出下文对这些知识的介绍。故D项符合语境。3. F下文指出了新鲜的鱼和不新鲜的鱼都有什么气味，F项“买鱼时应该先 闻闻味道”，与下文话题衔接紧密，且 F项中的“smel吗下文中的“smell呼应， 符合语境。4. A 上旬指出有腥味或者味儿很大的鱼不新鲜，本句承接上句，指出不要 购买这样的鱼，故选A项。5. B 上旬指出做鱼的

48、方法有很多种，根据下文出现的steam可知此处讲述了蒸鱼的方法，故B项符合语境，意为“最简单的方法就是蒸鱼”。m语法填空A Bite of China, a mouth-watering late-night documentary television series about Chinese food, 1_ (attract) countless viewers since it was aired on CCTV It became popular immediately after being shown, and has made viewers go beyond thinkin

49、g about food _2_ (it).From its very beginning, A Bite of China is not just a documentary about food. It is a serious documentary providing 3 unique view of Chinese as well _4_ the relations between people and food and between people and society. The documentary shows the techniques _5_ (use) in maki

50、ng food and their production process as well as the lives of ordinary people, thus _6_ (touch) the hearts of the audienceA Bite of China shows that the emotions of ordinary Chinese people should be exhibited, and that even a 7 (complete) commercial (商业的)program can achieve both artistic and commerci

51、al success. Being sincere is the most important thing for _8_ (artist) because they cannot move others unless they themselves are first moved.If you are the one _9_ is curious about the history and stories behind foods of various kinds in China, _10_ (switch) on TV and a fantastic world will spread

52、in front of you.1. 2. 3. 4.5. 6. 7. 8.9. 10.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍探寻中国美食的节目舌尖上的中国非常火爆的原因。1. has attracted考查动词的时态。句意：舌尖上的中国，一档让人垂涎的 中国美食的深夜纪录片，自从在 CCTV播出以来，吸引了无数的观众。根据时间 状语从句since it was aired on CCTV可知，本空应用现在完成时表示对现在的影响。2. itself考查代词。句意：（节目）播出后非常受欢迎，让观众不仅仅思考食 物本身。根据句意可知，本空应用反身代词让self表示“食物本身”。3. a考查冠词。句意：舌

53、尖上的中国是一部严肃的纪录片，对中国人、 人与食物以及人与社会的关系进行了一种独特的解读。因为unique是以辅音音素开头的单词，故本空应用不定冠词 a。4. as考查固定短语。as well as “和；以及”，故本空应用介词 aso5. used考查非谓语动词。句意：这部纪录片展示了用于食物制作的技巧、 生产过程和普通人的生活，因此触动了很多人的心。本空作后置定语修饰名词 technique,且technique与use之间为被动关系，故本空应用过去分词used6. touching考查非谓语动词。表示自然而然产生的结果，故应用现在分词 作结果状语，表示“自然而然，顺理成章”的结果。7.

54、completely考查词性转换。句意：甚至一部完全的商业节目也可以取得 艺术和商业成功。本空修饰形容词 commercial,故应用副词completely。8. artists考查名词。句意：真诚对于艺术家来说是最重要的。 artist为可数 名词，本空前没有冠词，故本空应用可数名词复数形式表示一类人。9. who考查定语从句。句意：如果你是一个对中国各种各样的食物背后的 故事和历史感兴趣的人，那么打开电视，一个神奇的世界就会出现在你面前。本 空引导定语从句，在从句中作主语指人，因为先行词为the one,故应用关系代词who。10. switch 考查祈使句。本句为 “祈使句+ and+

55、陈述句”句型，故本空应 用动词原形switch oIV 读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。“Hey! ” the voice called from behind me. “Are you a girl or a duck? ” I ignored the comments because I knew they were from the mean girl, Betsy. I ran to my class, causing my slight limp （跛行）to become even more apparent. Already, I could

56、see that things would be different here. At my old school, I had a group of friends to protect me. However, in this new school, I was on my own. I took my place in the first row of desks and I was grateful for alphabetic seating. My last name came at the beginning of the alphabet and Betsys last name came at the end. As the weeks went on, though, I made friend