（人教版）八年级下学期英语Unit3SectionAGrammarFocus-4c课件

1、Unit 3Could you please clean your room?人教人教版版八八年年级英语下册级英语下册Section A Grammar Focus-4cenjoy dinner with my familyA: Mum, could I go out for dinner with my friends?B: Sure, that should be OK.A: Could I get something to drink with my friends after the movie?B: Sure, you can.A: Could I get something to

2、drink with my friends after the movie?B: No, you cant, you have a basketball game tomorrow.take the dog for a walk遛狗遛狗A: Can you please take the dog for a walk?B: OK, but I want to watch one show first.take out the rubbish扔垃圾扔垃圾A: Can you please take out the rubbish?B: Yes, sure.Could I go out for d

3、inner with my friends?Sure, that should be OK.Could we get something to drink after the movie?No, you cant, you have a basketball game tomorrow.Grammar FocusCan you please take the dog for a walk?OK, but I want to watch one show first.Can you please take out the rubbish?Yes, sure.只作情态动词的只作情态动词的 can

4、/ could, may / might, ought to, must可情态可实义的可情态可实义的 need, dare 可情态可助动词的可情态可助动词的 shall / should, will / would相当于情态动词的相当于情态动词的 have to, used to情态动词的用法情态动词的语法特征1)1) 情情态动词不能单独做谓语态动词不能单独做谓语, , 除除ought和和have外外, , 后面只能接不带后面只能接不带to的不定式。的不定式。 2)2) 情情态动词没有人称态动词没有人称, , 数的变化数的变化, , 但有些情态动但有些情态动词词, , 如如can、will也有

5、一般式和过去式的变化也有一般式和过去式的变化。3)3) 情情态动词的态动词的“时态时态”形式并不是时间区别的主形式并不是时间区别的主要标志要标志, , 不少情况下不少情况下, , 情态动词的现在式形式情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间间和将来时间。can 和和could：1) can的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. 表示体力或脑力的能力：表示体力或脑力的能力： e.g. The girl can dance very well. B. 表示说话的推测表示说话的推测事物的可能性等事物的可能性等: e.g. Can t

6、he news be true? C. 在口语中在口语中, can可以表示请求或允许可以表示请求或允许: e.g. Can I sit here? can表示表示“能够能够”时与短语时与短语be able to同义同义，但，但can只用于一般现在时或过去时只用于一般现在时或过去时，而，而后者可用于后者可用于各种时态各种时态。另外，。另外，can表示个人有某种能力，而表示个人有某种能力，而be able to表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某事，相当于事，相当于succeed in doing sth.；叙述过去事；叙述过去事实时，最好用实时，最好用was / we

7、re able to，因为，因为could只只表示过去具有某种能力。表示过去具有某种能力。如：如：Can you understand the different kinds of English these people are using?Two years later, he was able to speak very good Chinese.2) could的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. could 是是can的过去式的过去式, , 表示与过去表示与过去有关有关的的 能力和推测能力和推测: : e.g. We all knew that the young man couldn

8、t be a doctor. B. could可以代替可以代替can表示请求表示请求, , 但语气较但语气较can 客气、委婉客气、委婉: :e.g. Could you lend me your dictionary? Could I use your bike?3) can和和could接动词的完成形式，表示接动词的完成形式，表示可能已可能已经做某事经做某事。can用在否定和疑问句用在否定和疑问句中，表中，表示示不不相信、怀疑等态度相信、怀疑等态度。e.g. They cant have gone out because the light is still on.以以could或或wou

9、ld提问时，不能再以提问时，不能再以could或或would作答，而应该用作答，而应该用can或或will。如：如：Could I borrow your dictionary?Yes, of course you can. could与与can都是情态动都是情态动词词，could是是can的过去式。的过去式。二者都可用于表示请二者都可用于表示请求求，但但是用法稍有不同。是用法稍有不同。can 表示一般性的请求，语气随表示一般性的请求，语气随便便，常常用于熟人用于熟人之间之间或长或长辈对晚辈对晚辈，上辈，上级对下级的场合级对下级的场合。e.g. Can you tell us your sto

10、ry,Tony？ 托尼，你托尼，你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗？能给我们讲讲你的故事吗？ could与can的区别 could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉婉，常常用于非用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈，下熟人之间或晚辈对长辈，下级对级对上级的上级的场合场合。比如：比如： Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia? Sure. 请请告诉我告诉我们们，澳澳大利亚冬天下雪吗大利亚冬天下雪吗? 当当然可以。然可以。 注意注意：1. 提出委婉的请求在回答中不可用提出委婉的请求在回答中不可用could。 A: Could I hav

11、e the television on? B: Yes, you can. / No, you cant.2. 在否定、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑用在否定、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑用couldnt。 He couldnt be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。他不大可能是坏人。may和might表表示允许或请示允许或请求；表求；表示没有把握的推示没有把握的推测；测；may放放在句在句首首，表表示祝愿。示祝愿。 May God bless you! He might be at home.注意注意: might 表示推测表示推测时时，不不表示时态，只是可表示时态，只是可能能 性性比比may小。

12、小。have to和和must1. 两词都两词都是是“必须必须”的意的意思思，have to 表示客观的表示客观的需需要要，must 表示说话人主观上的看表示说话人主观上的看法法，即主观的即主观的必要。必要。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我我弟弟病得很厉害，我只弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。得半夜里把医生请来。(客观需做此事客观需做此事)He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须他说他们必须努力工作努力工作。(主观上要

13、做这件事主观上要做这件事)2. have to 有人称、数、时态的变有人称、数、时态的变化，而化，而must只只有一种形式。但有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示可用于间接引语中表示过过去的必要或义务去的必要或义务。He had to look after his sister yesterday.3. 在否定结构中在否定结构中: dont have to 表示表示 “不必不必”，mustnt 表示表示“禁止禁止”。You dont have to tell him about it. 你你不一定要把此事告诉他不一定要把此事告诉他。You mustnt tell him about i

14、t.你你一定不要把这件事告诉他。一定不要把这件事告诉他。Write R for requests and P for permissions. Then match each one with the correct response. 1. _ Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?2. _ Could you please pass me the salt?3. _ Could I borrow that book?4. _ Could you help me do the dishes? 5. _ Could you lend

15、me some money?PRPRR4a a. Yes, here you are.b. Hmm. How much do you need?c. Yes, sure. No problem. I finished reading it last night.d. Yes, but dont come back too late.e. No, I cant I cut my finger and Im trying not to get it wet.1 d 2 a 3 c 4 e 5 bFill in the blanks in the conversation.A: I hate to

16、_ chores.B: Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores.A: Really? Great! _ I ask you to _ me with some chores then?B: What do you need help with? A: _ you please _ my clothes for me?B: I dont want to do that! Its boring!Could dohelpCould fold4b A: OK. Then _ you _ do the dishes for me?B:

17、Sure, no problem. But _ we go to the movies after that?A: Sure, Ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. Then we can go to the movies.couldpleasecouldMake a list of things your group needs to do for a camping trip. Then discuss who will do them and complete the chart.A: Could you pl

18、ease bring Liu Chang?B: Sure. And could you please ?C: Sorry, I cant. I have to4c Todo list Name Bring a tentLiu Chang Pair workI. 用情态动词can/could, cant, may, must, mustnt, neednt填空。 1. _ you come and play with us now? Im afraid I _. I _ do the cooking. I _ come later.2. _ we clean the windows today?

19、 No, you _. You _ clean them tomorrow. CouldcantmustcanMustneedntcan3. _ I watch TV this evening, mum? No, you _. Work _ come first.4. _ I come in, please? Yes, please.5. Excuse me. _ you tell me the way to the cinema?MaymustntmustCanCanA: Could you help me, please?B: _!A: I want to _these boxes to my home Lets _ the boxes _ the car now.B: _right.A: Oh, the box _ heavy. Can you carry it?B: Yes, I_.A: _ you _ it to my room?B: Certainly.CertainlytakeputinAlliscanCouldtakeII. 完成对话。（20192019四四川川 达州达州） Can I _