核能工程专业英语词汇郑东宏

1、abnormal异常的,不正常的absorber rod吸收棒acceleration加速度acceptable cost可接受费用acoustic monitoring声音监测acoustic声音的actinides锕类元素active system能动系统active能动的,有源的actuation触发,驱动actuator传动机构,制动机构, 触发器acute effect急性效应aerodynamic空气动力学的agent介质agitation搅动,震动air ejector condenser除气冷凝器air ejector抽汽器airplane crash飞机撞击airtight气

2、密的alarm system报警系统alignment lug定位凸台alignment plate定位板alignment成直线allay缓和allotropic同素异形体allowable power level or peaking容许功率水平或峰值alpha particle氦核alpha phase uranium 相铀altitude高度aluminum oxide氧化铝aluminum铝amplitude limiting device振幅限制装置amplitude振幅amu=atomic mass unit原子质量单位analogy类似anisotropic structure

3、各向异性结构anisotropic各向异性的annihilation radiation湮灭辐射annihilation湮灭annulus环形套筒annunciator alarm报警信号器anticipated transient without scram ATWS未能紧急停堆的预期瞬态antifreeze防冻液antimony锑antireverse rotation device防止反转装置annunciator信号器apparent radius表观半径appendix附录appreciable可观的argument论证array阵,列as low as reasonably ach

4、ievable ALARA合理可行尽量低ASME American society of mechanical engineers美国机械工程师协会aspirator吸气机assemblage集合,总体assembly组合,组合件atm=atmospheric pressure大气压atomic number原子序数atom原子attenuation衰减austenitic stainless steel奥氏体不锈钢automatic protective system APS自动保护系统auxiliary equipment辅助设备auxiliary feedwater pump辅助给水泵a

5、uxiliary spray line辅助喷淋管auxiliary辅助的availability可利用率average lifetime平均寿命average specific power平均比功率Avogadros number阿伏伽德罗常数axial load轴向载荷axial power distribution轴向功率分布axial轴向的azimuthal tilt方位角偏差azimuthal方位角backpressure反冲压力，背压backup power备用电源backup备用baffle隔板,折流板balance of plant BOP电站辅助设备balanced bello

6、w平衡伸缩管ballast resistor镇流电阻器bank组件,管排barely几乎没有barium钡barn靶恩,10-28m2barrel吊篮,桶,屏障barrier屏障base load operation基本负荷运行base load基底负荷base metal基体金属baseline基本的beam拉杆bending moment弯曲力矩beryllium oxide BeO氧化铍beryllium铍beta particle 粒子bidirectional双向的binary二元的binding energy结合能biological shield生物屏蔽biological生物的

7、bismuth铋blackout停电blanket再生区blind封闭的blowdown下泄blunt nose钝头Bohr theory波尔理论boil dry time蒸干时间boiling water reactor沸水堆bolt螺栓bombardment轰击bombard轰击bonnet阀盖booster pump升压泵booster增强,调升borated用硼酸处理过的bore孔径boric acid硼酸boron carbide碳化硼boron硼boss凸台,浮凸boundary边界的braking radiation韧致辐射breach破口breeder reactor增殖反应堆

8、breeding ratio增殖比breeding增殖bremsstrahlung韧致辐射brittle failure脆性失效brittle fracture脆性断裂bucket叶片bulk大块,大多数bundle棒束,组件burnable absorber rod depletion可燃性吸收棒消耗burnable absorber rod可燃吸收棒burnable poison可燃毒物burnout燃毁burn-up燃耗bypass旁通,支路cadmium镉calandria排管容器californium锎capital cost投资成本capsule腔,囊capture gamma r

9、adiation俘获伽马射线capture俘获carbide碳化物carbon dioxide二氧化碳Carnot efficiency卡诺效率casing机壳cast铸造,浇铸caustic苛性钠cavitation气蚀cavity内腔centrifugal pump离心泵centrifuge离心ceramic陶瓷的cesium铯chain reaction链式反应charged particle带电粒子charging pump上充泵Charpy impact specimen夏氏冲击试样Charpy test摆锤式冲击试验check valve单向阀chemical and volume

10、 control system化学和容积控制系统chemical bond化学键chemical shim化学补偿chemically inert化学惰性chloride氯化物choke阻塞chromium铬circumference圆周,环形circumferential环形的clad creep包壳蠕变cladding material包壳材料cladding strain包壳应变cladding包壳clearance间隙closure stud封头螺栓cluster束clutch离合器coastdown flow惰转流量coastdown惰转coated particle fuel包覆颗

11、粒燃料cobalt钴code法规,规范cold diametrical gap冷态径向间隙cold pressing冷压cold reservoir冷源cold-worked冷加工collapse消失,破裂collide碰撞collision碰撞column柱,列coma昏迷commence开始commission投入运行commit委托,使承担任务compact tension specimen紧凑拉伸compensate补偿component元素,组成部分, 成分composition组成,成分compound nucleus复合核compound复合compression spring压

12、缩弹簧Compton scattering康普顿散射concentrate同心的concrete混凝土condensate booster pump suction冷凝水增压泵吸水口condensate pump冷凝水泵condensate system冷凝系统condensate冷凝液condenser hotwell冷凝器热井condenser冷凝器condense冷凝conduction导热conductivity传导率conduit导管cone圆锥体consistent一致的constituent组成的constraint制约containment sump安全壳地坑containme

13、nt安全壳contaminate污染contour形状,外形control element assembly CEA控制棒组件control rod控制棒convection对流converging减缩的conversion efficiency转化效率coolant pump冷却剂泵coolant冷却剂core barrel堆芯吊篮core parameter monitoring method堆芯参数监测方法core periphery堆芯外围core power distribution堆芯功率分布core shroud堆芯围板core support barrel堆芯支撑吊篮core

14、support structure堆芯支撑结构core thermal margin堆芯热裕量core堆芯correlation关联式corrosion腐蚀cosmic rays宇宙射线cost penalty成本损失Coulomb electrostatic force库仑静电力Coulomb force库仑力counterpart对应物,正负二份中之一couple耦合coupling联轴节crack破裂cramp绞痛creep strength蠕变强度creep蠕变,屈服crescent-shaped月牙形的crevice corrosion缝隙腐蚀crevice裂缝critical si

15、ze临界尺寸criticality临界critical临界cruciform十字形crust地壳crystalline structure晶体结构crystalline晶状的curie居里current density流量密度curtain屏蔽curved弯曲的cylindrical pellet圆柱状燃料芯块cylindrical圆柱的daily fluctuation日常波动daily load follow maneuvering日常负荷跟踪操纵data processing system数据处理系统daughter product子产物dead band无控制区，死区debris残留物

16、decay heat衰变热decay衰变deenergized断电的deficit亏损deflection折射,偏转delayed effect慢性效应delayed neutron缓发中子densification密实化density密度departure from nucleate boiling ratio DNBR偏离泡核沸腾depleted uranium贫化铀deplete用尽deposit堆焊,覆盖, 储存derivation导出,起源detachable可拆卸的detonate爆炸,爆燃deuterion氘核,重氢核deuterium氘,重氢diagnostic诊断的diaph

17、ragm隔板diarrhea腹泻die out灭绝diesel generator内燃发电机, 柴油发电机differential expansion膨胀差diffraction衍射diffuser扩压段diffusion coefficient扩散系数diffusion type pump casing扩口型机壳diffusion扩散diluent稀释剂dilution稀释dimensional尺寸的diminish减少dioxide二氧化物direct vessel injection DVI直接注入disassembly拆下discharge head出口压头discrete不连续的,分

18、立的dish-ended UO2 pellet碟形端面UO2芯块dislodge移出,撞出disrupt分离disseminate传播dissipate弥散的distortion变形distribution system配电系统diverging扩张的diverse多样性domed圆顶的Doppler broadening多普勒展宽Doppler feedback多普勒反馈Doppler多普勒dose-risk coefficient剂量风险因子dose剂量doubling time倍增时间downcomer annulus环形下降通道downcomer下水管,下导管downstream下游d

19、rain排放drawing抽出drench湿透drive mechanism驱动机构driveshaft驱动轴drop weight落锤drum鼓筒dryness fraction蒸汽干度dryness干度dryout干涸drywell干井ductibility延展性,可锻性ductile可延展的,易变形ductility延展性dumbbell哑铃状体dump蒸汽排放dynamic load动态载荷dynamic动力学eccentricity偏心的economies of scale规模经济economizer节热器eductor排放装置effective full power year有效全

20、功率年effective multiplication factor有效倍增系数keffeffluent废水,流出物eggcrate fashion蛋箱形式Einsteins theory爱因斯坦理论ejection放出,排出ejector引射器elastic scattering弹性散射elastomer弹性体electromagnetic pump电磁泵electromagnetic radiation电磁辐射electron-positron pair正负电子对electron电子electrostatic静电的element元素elevation高度eliminate消失emerge

21、from出现emergency紧急emission发射emitter发射极empirical equation经验公式empirical经验的enclosed bonnet阀盖encounter碰到,遇到end cap端塞energy balance能量守恒energy conservation能量守恒energy level能级engineering code工程法规,设计法规enriched uranium浓缩铀enrich富集,浓缩enthalpy焓entrain携带epithermal reactor超热中子反应堆equivalence等效的,等价,当量erosion侵蚀error s

22、ignal错误信号escalation逐步升级estimated additional resource预计附加资源europia氧化铕eutectic共晶的evolutionary design进化设计,改进设计exceedingly非常,极其excited nuclei受激核excited state受激态exclude除去excore detector堆外探测器excursion功率骤升,漂移explicitly明显的,清楚的explosion爆炸explosively expanded爆炸胀管exponentially按指数规律的exponential指数的exposure辐照extr

23、apolation外推fabricate制造,生产fail-safe失效安全,故障安全fallout坠尘fast breeder reactor快中子增殖反应堆fast fission factor快中子裂变因子fast leakage快中子泄漏fast neutron快中子fast non-leakage probability快中子不泄漏几率pNLFfast reactor快中子反应堆fatigue疲劳faulty signal错误信号feed and bleed stream上充和下泄流feed pump给水泵feedring环形冒口feedwater heater给水加热器feedwa

24、ter inventory给水装量feedwater给水ferrite铁素体fertile isotope可增殖的同位素fertile material增殖材料fertile可变成裂变物质的Ficks law of diffusion斐克扩散定律finned cladding带肋片的包壳fins肋片fissile易裂变的fission fragment裂变碎片fission neutron裂变中子fission product裂变产物fission threshold detector裂变临界点探测器fission裂变fitting配件fixed incore detector system固

25、定堆内探测系统flange sealing法兰密封flange法兰flashing闪蒸flask贮罐flexible diaphragm type coupling柔性隔膜式联轴器flexible挠性的flexural扰性的,弯曲的flick轻按flooding淹没flow distribution baffle导流板flow distribution plate流量分配板flow path流程,流道flow restrictor节流阀,限流器fluctuation波动fluorescent荧光的fluoride氟化物flux通量flywheel飞轮forced circulation强制循环

26、forging锻件fouling水垢four alignment keys四个定位键four equally spaced keys四个等距离键four-loop plant四回路电站fractional分部的fraction分数,部分fragment碎片free-standing自力支撑的fretting微振磨损frictional resistance摩擦阻力friction摩擦fuel assembly燃料组件fuel cladding燃料包壳fuel cycle燃料循环fuel densification燃料密实化fuel element燃料组件fuel lattice燃料栅格fuel

27、 loading pattern燃料装载图案fuel management scheme燃料管理方案fuel rating燃料功率fuel rod燃料棒fuel-clad interaction effect燃料-包壳交互作用fuel-handling system燃料装卸系统full length guidance全长度导向full penetration weld完全贯穿件焊接full-strength全强度fusion核聚变gadolinium钆gagag盖塞gallon加仑gamma ray 射线gaseous气体的general electric通用电器genetic遗传学的geol

28、ogy地质学giga十亿,千兆,109gland seal condenser轴封冷凝器gland steam system压盖蒸汽系统,蒸汽轴封系统granite花岗岩grant给予graphite石墨ground state基态guide tube导向管guide导向机构hafnium铪Hahalf thickness半厚度half-life半衰期hardface表面硬化hardfacing表面硬化header联管箱health physics保健物理学heat affected zone热影响区heat conductor热导体heat flux热通量heat pipe热管heat si

29、nk热阱heat transfer coefficient传热系数heat transfer medium传热介质heater switchgear加热器开关柜heavy charged particle重带电粒子heavy particle重粒子heavy water重水helical spring螺旋弹簧helical螺旋型的helium leak tested氦气检漏helium氦hemispherical半球形的hereditary effect遗传效应hereditary遗传性的hermetically sealed气密封装hexafluoride六氟化物hexafluorite六氟

30、化物high amplitude vibration大振幅振动high burnup高燃耗high temperature gascooled reactor HTGR高温气冷堆holddown ring压紧环homogeneous mixture均相混合物homogeneous均匀的hookup挂钩,联接轴hot channel factor热通道因子hot reservoir热源hot spot热点hot-channel factor热管因子hotwell热井hour-glass-shaped沙漏形的hub轴心hydraulic stud tensioner液压螺栓拉伸机hydraulic

31、ally液压的hydride氢化物hydrocarbon碳氢化合物hydroelectric水电的hydrogenated氢化的hydrogen氢hydrothermal deposit热液矿床hydroxide氢氧化物hyperbolic双曲线的hypothesis假说ideal gaseous reactor coolant理想的气堆冷却剂imaginary想象的impart分给,给予,传递impeller转子,动叶轮impermeability不可渗透的impermeable不渗透的impingement冲击impulse turbine冲动式汽轮机in service inspecti

32、on在役检测inadvertently shutdown偶尔停堆inadvertent偶然的incident入射的incipient开始的inconel因康镍合金in-containment refueling water storage tank IRWST换料水箱in-core instrumentation assembly堆内仪表组件in-core instrumentation堆内仪表in-core neutron monitoring system堆内中子监测系统incremental增加的indium铟induce导致,感应induction motor感应电机inelastic

33、非弹性的inertia惯性inert惰性的infinite multiplication factor无限倍增系数kinfinite无限的ingest摄入inhalation吸入inhale吸入inherent energy内在能,固有能inherent protection固有保护inherent safety固有安全性inherent固有的inhibit防止,防腐蚀initial absorber strength初始吸收强度insertion and withdrawal下插和提棒instantaneous瞬时的instantly立刻,马上insulate绝热的, 使绝缘integral

34、 axial flow economizer集成轴向流动节热器integrity完整性interaction相互作用interelectrode电极间的interlocking可联动的internal bleeding内出血internal shroud内部围板internal内部的inventory装料量,总装量iodine碘ion pair离子对ionization电离ionizing effect电离作用irradiate照射,辐照isothermal等温isotopes同位素jack传动jet impingement shield喷射冲击屏障juncture联接justifiable合

35、理的,正当的Kelvin绝对温度keyway键槽,销座key用键固定kilovolt千伏kinetic energy动能kinetic动力学的known deposit of uranium ore探明铀矿量krypton氪label把称为lashing捆索latch凸轮latent heat潜热lateral density wave instability横向密度波动不稳定性lateral movement横向运动lateral support横向支承lattice栅格leading edge前缘lead铅leak before break先漏后破leak tightness密封性ledg

36、e突出部分letdown排出,下降level indication水位测量level instrumentation水位仪表liable易于的licensing执照,批准lithium锂load following功率跟踪load reference参比功率load rejection甩负荷local power peaking局部功率峰值local thinning局部减薄locating pin定位销longitudinal纵肋的,纵向的loss of all feedwater失去全部给水loss of coolant accident LOCA失去冷却剂系统low alloy stee

37、l低合金钢low melting point alloy低熔点合金lump sum总额macroscopic cross section宏观截面macroscopic宏观的magnesium镁magnetic force welding磁力焊接magnetic jack磁性传动magnetically operated linear actuator磁性直线执行器,直线马达magnitude大小Magnox镁诺克斯合金main feedwater nozzle主给水管口main loop pipe主回路管道main steam header主蒸汽联箱main steam isolation v

38、alve主蒸汽隔离阀门main steam system主蒸汽系统maintain spacing保持间距maintainability可保养性malfunction工作不正常man way人道mandate托管maneuvering操纵,机动maneuver策略,操纵manganese锰manually手动marrow骨髓mass defect质量亏损mass number质量数massive大量的mating lug配合凸台mating surface配合表面mating配合件,连接件matrix基体Maxwellian distribution麦克斯韦分布mean free path平均

39、自由程mechanism机理,作用原理mega兆,百万melting point熔点membrane薄膜mercury水银metallic uranium金属铀metallurgical bond冶金结合metallurgical冶金的metallurgy冶金meterorology气象学microbe微生物microgram微克microscope微观microscopic cross section微观截面microstructure微观结构midplane中平面migrate迁移mill密尔,千分之一美元mineralization矿物,矿化作用mineralogy矿物学mineral矿

40、物质,无机物miniature小型的miscellaneous杂项的missile导弹mitigate缓和,减轻mixed oxide fuel MOX混合燃料moderator atom慢化剂原子moderator慢化剂mode模式moisture separator reheater汽水分离再热器moisture separator汽水分离器moist湿的molecules分子molten salt熔融盐mol摩尔momentum conservation动量守恒momentum动量motive force原动力motor deenergized马达失电motor for control

41、rod控制棒马达mount安装movable in-core detector system MICDS可移动堆内探测器系统multiple barrier多层屏障multiplexer多路调节器multiplex多路通信multiplication factor倍增系数multiplication倍增multi-zone refueling strategy装料方案mutual相互的,共同的nanosecond毫微秒natural background天然本底natural decay自然衰变natural uranium天然铀negative core moderator temperat

42、ure coefficient堆芯慢化剂负温度系数negative feedback负反馈negative power coefficient负功率系数negative reactivity负反应性neptunium镎net unrecoverable circumferential strain环向不可恢复的净应变neutral中性的neutrino中微子neutron capture cross section吸收截面neutron diffusion中子扩散neutron flux中子通量neutron irradiation中子辐照neutron lifetime中子寿期neutron

43、 moderator中子慢化剂neutron number中子数neutron source中子源neutronics中子物理学neutron中子nickel镍nil-ductility零延性nitrogen氮气non-condensable gas非凝结气体non-return valve单向阀,止回阀nosepipe管口nozzle接口, 喷嘴nuclear chain reaction核链式反应nuclear characteristics核特性nuclear fuel核燃料nuclear safety criteria核安全准则nuclear transmutation核嬗变nucle

44、ate boiling核态沸腾nuclei是nucleus的复数形式nucleon核子nucleus原子核nut螺帽occupational exposure职业辐照off-normal超常的,越界的oil lubricated thrust bearing油润滑推力轴承on-load refueling不停堆换料on-off controller开关控制器operating margin运行安全裕度operating margin运行裕度operating power level运行功率水平orbital轨道的ore矿orifice孔板outage停机outweight重于,胜过overes

45、timate过高估计overflow valve溢流阀overload过载overspeed超速overstress过应力oxide氧化物oxidize使氧化pair production电子对偶的产生parabola抛物线paraffin石蜡particle accelerator粒子加速器particle颗粒part-strength部分强度passive safety非能动安全性passive system非能动系统passive非能动的,无源的payload有效负载peak clad temperature包壳最高温度peak linear heat rate峰值线性热负荷pellet

46、-cladding interaction PCI芯块-包壳相互作用pellet燃料芯块penetrate穿透,透入penetration贯穿件perimeter strips围板periodic observation周期性的观测peripheral外围的periphery周边,边缘perpendicular垂直的phase相photoelectric effect光电效应photon-electron scattering光电散射photoneutron光激中子photon光子,量子pick up吸收,加速pin柱,棒,钉,栓,销pipe whip管道甩摆pipework管路plant p

47、erformance电站业绩plastic sheath塑料套管plenum腔室plugging堵塞plug阻力塞plutonium钚pneumatically靠压缩空气poison curtain毒物屏蔽polonium钋porosity多孔性positron正电子post-tensioned后张力的postulate假设pot type池式potassium钾potential hazard潜在危险potential scattering势散射powder metallurgy粉末冶金power coefficient功率系数power density功率密度power grid电网pow

48、er output功率输出preclude预防precursor产物母体,前驱物predetermined percentage预定百分比predominate起支配作用predominate主要的,起支配作用的pre-eminent优秀的preformed strip预成型条板preheat预热preincident事故前preset预设的pressure tube reactor压力管式反应堆pressure vessel压力容器pressurized thermal shock高压热冲击pressurizer稳压器prestressed concrete预应力混凝土presume假定,假

49、想primary coolant主冷却剂primary system pressure主回路系统压力prime mover原动机probability概率probe探测器procurement征购production cost生产成本programmed value设定值projectile抛射,入射粒子prompt critical瞬发临界prompt neutron瞬发中子propagate传播proportional controller比例控制器proton质子prototype原型protrude伸出,凸出proximity邻近pump wear泵磨损pumping head泵压头p

50、unched out切口,凸起punched-out凸起的pyrolitic热解的pyrolytic carbon热解碳qualitative定性的quality纯度, 蒸汽干度quanta为quantum复数quantum量子quench急冷radial and axial expansion径向和轴向膨胀radial power distribution径向功率分布radiation sickness辐照病变radiation放射性,发射,射线radiator散热器radioactive waste放射性废物radioactive放射性的radioactivity放射性radioisoto

51、pe放射性同位素radiological放射学的radium镭radon氡ramp线性的,斜面的random随机的rated load额定负荷rating负荷reactant反应物reaction turbine反动式汽轮机reactive excursion反应堆漂移reactively worth反应性价值reactivity insertion accident RIA反应性插入事故reactivity insertion or removal反应性的导入或导出reactivity worth反应性价值reactivity反应性reactor coolant bypass leakage

52、反应堆冷却剂侧漏reactor coolant pump反应堆冷却剂泵reactor coolant system RCS反应堆冷却剂系统reactor pressure vessel压力容器reactor regulating system反应堆调节系统reactor trip反应堆保护停堆reactor vessel internals反应堆压力容器堆内构件reactor vessel level monitor水位监测reactor vessel反应堆压力容器reactor-year堆年reasonable assure resource合理确认资源recirculation ratio

53、循环比recoil反冲,反作用redundant冗余的reed switch弹簧开关reference design参考设计reference nil-ductility transition temperature参考零延性转变温度reflector反射层refueling machine换料机refueling outage换料停机refuel更换燃料regenerative feed heating cycle回热给水加热循环regenerative再生的regulating valve调节阀reheater再热器reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土reiterate重申,反复的relay继电器reliability可靠性reliable instrument bus可靠仪器总线relief and safety valve卸压和安全阀门relief valve释放阀reposition复原位reprocessing再加工repulsion排斥residual parasitic absorption残余附加吸收resonanc