2019届高三英语一轮复习Unit1Alandofdiversity课时作业新人教版选

1、Un it 1 A land of diversityI阅读理解A（2018 广东省佛山市检测）Lakshmi grew up in India in the first half of the twentieth century, seeing many people around herwho did not get eno ugh food, were ofte n sick and died young.In the 1960s, she was asked to help man age a program to improve nu triti on in her country.

2、 Atthat time, most advice on nutrition came from North American and European countries.Nutritionistssuggested foods that were commonand worked wellfor people who lived in these n ati ons.For example, they told poor Indian women to eat more meat and eggs and drink more orangejuice. But Lakshmi knew t

3、his advice was useless in a country like India. People there did nt eat suchfoods. They were nt easy to find. And for the poor, such foods were too expe nsive.Lakshmi knew that for the program to work, it had to fit In dia n culture. So she decided to adjustthe nutrition program. She first found out

4、 what healthy middle-class people in India ate. She took note ofthe nutrients（营养物）availablein those foods. T hen she looked for cheap, easy-to-fi nd foods that would provide the same nu trie nts.She created a bala need diet of locally grow n fruits, vegetables, and grains. These foods werecheap and

5、could be cooked with simple equipme nt. Her ideas were thought unu sual in the 1960s. Forexample, she in sisted that a diet without meat could provide all major nutrients. Now we know she wasright. But it took her con ti nu ous efforts to get others to fin ally accept her diet about 50 years ago.Bec

6、ause of Lakshmis program, In dia n childre n almost doubled their food in take. And many childre nwho would have bee n hungry and ill grew healthy and strong.【文章大意】 拉克希米负责一个改善印度人饮食营养的项目，她没有照搬西方人的建议，而是调整了她的营养计划，来适应印度人的实际情况。经过不断的努力，她的做法才逐步被人们接受，并被认为是正确的。【长难句分析】 Lakshmi grew up in India in the first ha

7、lf of the twentieth century, see ing manypeople around her who did not get eno ugh food, were ofte n sick and died young.句式分析： 本句为主从复合句，Lakshmi grew up in In dia in the first half of thetwen tieth cen tury是主句。 see ing many people around her.died young作伴随状语，seeing 后跟宾语从句，many people 是宾语从句的主语，were 和 d

8、ied 是由 and 连接的并列谓语，who did not get eno ugh food 为定语从句，修饰 many people。句意：拉克希米成长在20 世纪上半叶的印度，她看到她周围有许多人因得不到足够的食物而常常患病并早早死去。1. Why did Lakshmi think European nutritionists advice was useless?A.It worked well for European people.B.It suggested too many foods for Indians.C. It was not practical in India

9、at that time.D. It in cluded foods that did nt exist in In dia.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据题干中的 useless 到文章中找信息，根据文章第三 段中的ButLakshmi knew this advice was useless in a country like India. Peoplethere did nteat such foods. They were nt easy to find. And for the poor, such foodswere too expe nsive. ”可知，欧洲营养学家们的建议在

10、当时的印度是不合实际的。故选C项。2. Lakshmi studied healthy middle-class peoples diet in order to_ .A. know about their eating habitsB. learn about Indian cultureC. find out nutrients in their food2D. write a report on food nutrients答案与解析： C考查细节理解。 根据第四段最后一句Then she looked for cheap, easy-to-fi nd foodsthat would p

11、rovide the same nu trie nts.”可知，拉克希米之所以研究印度健康的中产阶级的饮食，为的是发现便宜的、易找到的能提供相同营养的食物。故选 C 项。3. Lakshmis balaneed diet was consideredunusualbecause people thoughtA. those foods were too cheapB. it should include some meatC. it provided all major nutrientsD. it enabled kids to grow healthy答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据最后一

12、段中的For example, she insisted that a diet withoutmeat could provide all major nu trie nts.Now we know shewas right. ”可知，拉克希米经过研究发现， 不含肉的饮食也能提供所有主要的营养。这个观点当时却不为人所接受，但现在证实她是正确的。故选B 项。4. What can we infer about Lakshmi?A. She came from a rich family.B. She disliked middle-class people.C. She worked with

13、 European nutritionists.D. She was a determined scientist.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段中的But it took her continu ous efforts to getothers to fin ally accept her diet about 50 years ago.”可知，经过不断的努力，她才使人们接受她的饮食观点，由此可推测，拉克希米是一个意志坚定的人。 故选 D 项。B（2018 陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测）A prin cipal in Man hatta n in formed pare nt

14、s that there would be no more homework for the publicschools stude nts. And the n came the argume nts not from teachers,but from pare nts. Some said they would tran sfer their childre n to ano ther school.Somesaid they were findingonline sources of homework for their children. They werenot convinced

15、 of the explanation from PrincipalJane Hsu about the negative effectsof homework on young children, including lack of time for other activitiesand familytime, and loss of in terest in lear ning. Hsu suggested childre n should spe nd their time on activities thathad bee n found to be good for their a

16、cademic, social and emoti onal developme nt.As a supporter of Hsus approach, I won der how many of the pare ntal argume ntsoccur not because of what children will miss out on, but because parents themselves no Ion ger feel confide nt about their ability to help their childre n develop without highly

17、 structured activities to guide them.rm remin ded of a meeti ng at the school my youn ger daughter was about to start whe n she was6. The head of the school met with pare nts to say that she was also con sideri ng doing away withhomework. One mom objected because homework was her“special time ” each

18、 day with her child when they could sit down together to go through the work.The head of the school appeared surprised at this. She gen tly suggested that the mother should readto her child, or that they should cook dinner together.Itsbeen sad already to see that kids,betweentheir structured soccer

19、practices and their homework, have very little time to play. But its even sadderto see the pare ntal n ervous ness about what might happe n to a third-grader who has more time tocreate, thi nk, read, in teract with others, or imagi ne. What might happe n, I believe, must be more happin ess, more en

20、ergy and better physical fitn ess.【文章大意】曼哈顿的一位校长通知家长她的学校将不再给学生布置家庭作业，此举在家长中引发了激烈的讨论。作者本人对这位校长的方法表示支持，并持乐观的态度。【难句分析】 As a supporter of Hsus approach, I wonder how many of the parental argume nts3occur not because of what childre n will miss out on, butbecause pare ntsthemselves no Ion ger feel con fi

21、de nt about their ability to help their childre n develop without highlystructured activities to guide them.分析：本句为复合句。介宾短语As a supporter of Hsus approach作状语；wonder后为宾语从句；该宾语从句中含有not.but. 结构，not 后的 because of.out on 为原因状语，且介词短语 because of 后为 what 引导的宾语从句，but 后为 because 引导的原因状语从句。译文：作为 Jane Hsu 校长这一做法

22、的支持者，我想知道有多少家长不是因为孩子将错 失什么，而是因为在没有高度系统化活动指导他们的情况下，家长自己对帮助他们孩子发展的能力不再有信心而进行争论的。5.From the passage, we know_ .A. teachers are strongly opposed to giving no homework to their studentsB. the idea of no homework has led to a heated debateC. childre n greatly ben efit from the idea of nohomeworkD. other a

23、ctivities have taken the place of the homework答案与解析：B考查细节理解。由第一段中的And then came the arguments not from teachers,but from pare nts.”可知，不再布置家庭作业的做法在家长中引起了激烈的讨论，故选 B 项。6.Why did one mom object to the idea of no homework for kids?A. Her child might lose interest in learning.B. Her child might have less

24、time to think.C. She enjoyed the time doing homework with her child.D . Homework is good for childrens academic development.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。由第三段中的One momobjected because homework was her special time each day with her child when they couldsit down together togo through the work. ”可知，与孩子一块儿做作业对这位母亲来说是件

25、让她高兴的事，所 以她反对取消家庭作业这一想法，故选Co7.What is the authors attitudetowards PrincipalJane Hsussuggestion?A. Indifferent. B . Positive.C. Negative. D . Critical.答案与解析：B考查观点态度。由第二段中的As a supporter of Hsus approach ” 禾口最后一段中的 What might happe n, I believe , must be more happ in ess, more energy and better physic

26、al fitness.”可以看出，作者持乐观的态度，故选B。8.The passage is mainly about_.A. whether the parents should transfer their children to public schoolB. the ben efits of doing homeworkC. the necessity of changing the education systemD. whether the students should do homework after school答案与解析：D考查主旨大意。结合全文可知，一位校长通知家长她的

27、学校将取消家庭 作业。家长之间就此展开了激烈的讨论，讨论的焦点是“应不应该取消学生的家庭作业”，D 项与此相符合，故选Dbn.完形填空（2018 合肥市高三调研性检测）Not many people can say theyve been hit by a vehicle, but I can. I rode my bike to my daily. _1_practice in a gym last summer. I crossed the street as the light _2_ ; however, a young woma n _3_me with her fancy raci

28、ng car. Like James Bond in a very _4_ situation, I rolled across the hood(弓 I擎盖)onto the other side of4the car. You may wonder _5_ a womandriver could be so careless. The truth is that the woma n wason her pho ne while driv ing, so her _6_ was clearly draw n away from driv ing, which caused theaccid

29、e nt.After assessingmy _7_ and believing that allmy bones were undamaged in anyway, I _8_ and talked to the woman driver. I could tell she was obviously quite _9_. So was I. Afterassuri ng her of my well-be ing, we _10_ ways._11_ my surprisingly shabby bicycle, I went on my way. I rode into the _12_

30、 20 minutes late.Upon my arrival, my tennis coach and friends asked me why I was late. Nervously, I _13_ the caraccide nt. Every one seemed to be far more _14_ than I was. In fact, I _15_ joked, say ing that nowI know how the squirrels feel after a nice escape.After this _16_,I realize the importane

31、e of bike lanes and watching outfor pedestria ns.Now as I drive, I always 17 for people on bikes so that they do not 一 the same fate (命运)thatI did. _19_, for all the bikers and runners out there, watch out for cars, as one small mistake could_20_ an un forgivable mistake.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”在骑车去体育馆参加网

32、球训练的途中，被一辆跑车撞到，幸运的是“我”的骨头没有受伤。通过这起事故，“我”意识到了自行车车道和注意行人的重要性。1. A.football B. tennisC. volleyball D . badminton答案与解析：B 根据第三段第三句中的“ my tennis coach”可以判断，“我”骑自行 车到体育馆参加网球训练，故B 项正确。2. A.permitted B . brokeC. appeared D . exploded答案与解析：A 根据该句中的“ I crossed the street”可知，“我”穿过了街道；根据常识可以判断，此举是在信号灯的允许(permitt

33、ed)下进行的，故 A 项符合语境。3. A.passed B . greetedC. hit D . met答案与解析： C 根据该句中的“ a young woman 3_ mewith her fancy racing car ”， 并结合第一段第一句中的“ been hit by a vehicle”可知，一位年轻的女士开着跑车撞到了“我”。C 项意为“撞击，击中”，符合语境。4 . A.roma ntic B . humorousC. awkward D . dan gerous答案与解析： D 根据该句“ Like James Bo nd in a very _4_ situati

34、o n, I rolledacross the hood ( 引擎盖)onto the other side of the car.”可知，就像詹姆斯邦德在非常危险的(dangerous)情况下那样，“我”从引擎盖上滚到了车的另一边。5 . A.how B . ifC. whe nD . where答案与解析：A 分析该句结构可知，空处在宾语从句中作状语；结合该句“You maywon der _ a woma n driver could be so careless.”及语境可知，你可能想知道，一个女司机怎么会如此粗心？how 表示“怎么，如何”，故选 A。6 . A.passi on B

35、 . atte ntio nC. in terest D . exciteme nt答案与解析：B 根据该句中的“ The truth is that the womanwas on her phone while driving ”可知，这位女士在开车时打电话。据此可以判断，她的注意力(attention) 不在开 车上。57. A.needs B . behaviorsC. injuries D . conclusions答案与解析：C 根据该句中的believing that all my bones were undamaged in any way”可以判断，这是在对“我”的伤势进行

36、评定。C 项意为“损伤”，符合语境，故 C 项正确。A 项意为“需要”；B 项意为“行为”；D 项意为“结论”。8. A.stood up B. walked awayC. lay dow nD . blew up答案与解析： A 根据该句中的“ believing that all my bones were undamaged”可知，“我”的骨头都没有受伤；据此可以判断，“我”站起身和那位女司机说话。A 项意为“站起身”，符合语境，故 A 项正确。B 项意为“走开”；C 项意为“躺下”；D 项意为“爆 炸，爆发”。9 . A.rude B. cautiousC. forgetful D .

37、 scared答案与解析：D 根据上文可知，“我”被这位女司机开的跑车撞到；据此可以判断， 这位女司机很害怕(scared)，故 D 项正确。A 项意为“粗鲁的”；B 项意为“谨慎的”；C 项意为“健忘的”。10 . A.parted B . cleared C. explored D . cha nged答案与解析：A 根据该句中的“ After assuring her of my well-being”可以判断，在让她确信“我”身体没事以后，我们就分开(parted) 了。11. A.Turni ng in B. Picki ng upC. Putti ng aside D . Givi ng away答案与解析：B 根据上文可知，“我”被女司机驾驶的跑车撞到； 据此可以判断，“我” 扶起(Picking up) 了 “我”的破烂的自行车就上路了。A 项意为“交还”； C 项意为“把 放在一边， 撇开”；D 项意为“泄露”。12 . A.garage B . park ing lot C. gym D . bike store答案与解析：C 根