英国英国君主立宪制的发展

1、 英国君主立宪制一、The Definition of Monarchy二、The Development Of British Constitutional Monarchy三、The Power of the King四、The Prime Minister五、Parliament1. Monarchy: a king or queen serves as the head of state.2. Constitutional monarchy: a form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within the

2、 parameters of a written or unwritten constitution. (1).the power of monarch is limited by the consititution (2).the legal authority is given to the government (3).the executive authority to the government (4).the sovereignreigns,but does not rule.Contemporary constitutional monarchies include Austr

3、alia, Belgium, Cambodia, Canada, Denmark, Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, The Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Thailand and the United Kingdom.The Development Of British Constitutional MonarchyuFight for democracy争取民主争取民主 The battle in the 13th century 13世纪的斗争世纪的斗争The revolution in the 17th century

4、17世纪的革命世纪的革命 uEstablishment ofdemocracy建立民主建立民主 Bill of right 权利法案权利法案uComplement of democracy完善民主完善民主 The expansion of the right to be voted as the parliament representative议会选举权的扩大议会选举权的扩大The evolution of party system 政党制度的演变政党制度的演变The formation of responsibility cabinet system 责任内阁制的形成责任内阁制的形成1.G

5、ives effects to all laws as the head of the executive branch of the government2.May pardon criminal offences and cancel punishments3.The commander-in-chief of the armed forces and the temporal head of the Church of England4.Confers all titles of rank, and appoints judges, army officers, governors, b

6、ishop and diplomats 5.Concludes treaties, declares war, and makes peace with other nationsThe Royal DutiesVisits many parts of BritainPays state visits to foreign countriesTours other Common-wealth countries*Leader of his party in the House of Commons *Head of the government *Chief spokesman for the

7、 government *He has the right to select his cabinet, hand out departmental positions, decide the agenda for cabinet meetings which he also chairs. *He directs and controls policy for the government. *He keeps the Queen informed of government decisions. (weekly meeting with the Queen)10all the cabine

8、t members take up the responsibility collectively,keep consistent in the fundamental policy , and be with the prime minister in total原则原则1： 内阁成员集体负责，在大政方针上保持一致，内阁成员集体负责，在大政方针上保持一致，与首相共进退。与首相共进退。Rule 1:if parliament pass the governments mistrust case, the cabinet is going to pot;The prime minister do

9、nt have to resign, but have to submit to the king to dissolve the parliament for a new one. 原则原则2： 如果议会通过了对政府的不信任案，内阁如果议会通过了对政府的不信任案，内阁就要垮台；首相也可不辞职，提请国王解散议会，就要垮台；首相也可不辞职，提请国王解散议会，重新选举。重新选举。Rule 2: 责任内阁制的形成责任内阁制的形成The formation of responsibility cabinet system 11 政党制度的演变政党制度的演变The evolution of party

10、system The cabinetWhigsthe liberal party the labour partyToriesthe conservative party House of Lords Red Chamber 红厅红厅 House ofHouse of commons commons Green Chamber 绿厅绿厅1.Composition : About 1,100 hereditary and life peers 2.The speaker : Appionted by the sovereign on advice of Prime Minister3.The q

11、ualification: (1).The Lords Spiritual (神职贵族) (2).The Lords Temporal(世俗贵族) no parliamentary salary 4.Functions: To revise bills from the House of Commons as the supreme court of justice and the highest court appeal for criminal ,civil cases from the lower courts Hear appeals in the highest Court of A

12、ppeal in Britain 1.Composition : 651 MPs(Members of parliament) 2.The speaker : election by Britian citizens 3.Tenure: 5 years 4.The qualification: (1)at least 18years old (2)no members of the upper house 5.Functions : (1)Make laws (2)Control and criticize the executive government (3)Control the rai

13、sing and spending of money 16The expansion of the right to vote as the parliament representative 议会选举权的扩大议会选举权的扩大in 1830 in 1918in 1969in 1689in 1832Ohly the adult males with a certain real estate are eligible to be elected as a MemberEmerging industrial assets class access to the parliament Women over the age of 3