职称英语真题及答案：卫生A(完型填空)

1、职称英语真题及答案：卫生A( 完型填空 )More about Alzheimer s DiseaseScientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identify people with Alzheimer s disease1 and may ultimately allow physicians to predict who is at risk of getting this neurological disorder. The only current means of diagnosin

2、g the disease in a living patient is a long and expensive series of tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia.“ Since Alois Alzheimer described the disease nearly a century ago， people have been trying to find a way to accurately diagnose it in its early stages2 ，” said Patricia Grady，actin

3、g director3 of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokein Bethesda, Maryland.“ This discovery, if confirmed, could prove a big stewpafrodrin our efforts to deal with and understand the disease.”Alzheimer iss the single greatest cause of mental deterioration in older people, affect

4、ing between 2. 5 million and 4 million people in the United States alone. The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function ， and eventually causes death.6 There is currently no known treatment for the disease.Researches discovered that the skin cells of Alzheimer s pati

5、ents hav interfere with their ability to regulate the flow of potassium in and out of the cells. Thefact that the cell defects are present in the skin suggests that7 Alzheimer physiological changes throughout the body ， and that dementia may be the firstnoticeable effect of these changes as the defe

6、cts affect the cells in the brain, scientistssaid.The flowof potassium is especially criticalin cells responsible formemory formation8. The scientists also found two other defects that affect the cellscalcium, another critical element.One test developed by researches calls for9 growing skin cells in

7、 a laboratory culture and then testing them with an electrical detector to determine if the microscopic tunnels that govern the flow of potassium are open. Open potassium channels create a unique electrical signature.A spokesman for the Alzheimer Asssociation said that if the validity of thediagnost

8、ic test can be proven it would be an important development, but cautioned thatother promising tests for Alzheimer s have been disappointing.10词汇：neurological /inju9r9 lDd3i神k9经l/ a病dj. 学的dementia /di 丨 menjis/ n. 痴 呆 deterioration /d iom reijan/ n. 恶 化 ， 退 化devastating / devosteitiB破/坏adj.性极大的，毁灭性的

9、defect / di，ifedkitfekt / n. 缺损，毛病 physiological /丨 fizio丨lt)d3ikal/ adj. 生理的 ; 生理学的 potassium /ps taesio钟m/ n. formation /fo: me形ijs成n/，n.组成calcium / kaelsism考/ 丐n.microscopic / 丨 maikrs 丨 skDpik / adj. 极小的， 微小的 一signature / signitj9(r) 只/n另. i !J 标志;署名，签名，签字 validity /vs lid效st力i/ n，.注释：有效 (性)1. t

10、o identify people with Alzheimer老s性d痴ise呆ase ;识别患早老性痴呆的人 ;Alzheimer s dise早ase:2. in its early stages：在它的早期阶段3. acting director：执行主任4. the singly greatest cause：的重要原因5. in the United States alone：仅在美国6. The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function,and eventually cau

11、ses death这.致死亡。种毁灭性的疾病逐渐破坏记忆和行动的能力，最终导7. The fact that. suggests that.：. 事实表明 ，8. cells responsible for memory formation：对记忆的形成至关重要的细胞9. call for ：要求10. . butcautioned that other promisingtests forAlzheimerhsave been disappointing. 但提醒人们其他有关早老性痴呆症的试验曾经也颇有吸引力，结果却令人失望。词汇：impairment/jim peQmsnnt/. 损 伤

12、community/ko mjuiniti/ n. 社 区 ， 社 会magnifier/ maegnifai3(r) / ti. 方夂大镜 cane /kein/ n.手杖，藤 Braille /breil/ n. 盲文译文：早老性痴呆研究的新进展科学家们发现，采用皮肤化验的方法可以判断病人是否患有早老性痴呆症， 并且最终有助于医生预测哪些人有患上这种神经功能紊乱性疾病的危险。要诊断一个病人是否患有这类疾病，目前的方法是进行一系列长期而昂贵的测试，以排除 导致痴呆的其他病因。“自从艾洛伊斯阿尔茨海默记载了这一病症以后，近一百年来人们一直在努力寻找能够在早 期阶段就精确地诊断出这种疾病的方法，

13、”马里兰州贝色斯达神经紊乱与中风国家研究院执行主任Patricia Grady 如是说。“这个发现如果得到证实，将会意味着我们在治疗和了解这种病症方面前进了一大步。 ”早老性痴呆是导致老年人大脑功能退化的的重要原因。仅在美国， 就有约 250万到 400 万 人患有这种疾病。这种毁灭性的疾病会逐渐破坏记忆和行动的能力， 并最终导致死亡。目前仍然没有办法治愈这种病症。研究者发现早老性痴呆症患者的皮肤细胞有缺损。这种缺损会影响人体对出 入于细胞的钾的流量的调控。科学家认为皮肤细胞有缺损这个事实表明，早老 性痴呆是由人体全身的生理变化引起的，并且大脑细胞受损带来的变化所产生的最为明显的后果就是痴呆。钾的流量对于与记忆密切相关的细