名词可数名词和不可数名词)

1、专题名词主要考查三个方面：1、联系上下文，考查同义词、近义词辨析；2、可数名词的单复数、不可数名词、抽象名词、名词词组的意义和用法；3、名词的固定搭配和习惯用语。名词的数规则名词的复数形式规则、七W读曰例子1一般情况在词尾加 s在清辅音后读/s/在元音及浊辅音后读/z/mapseagirl day apple 规则、七W读曰例子2以 s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加 eses般读作/iz/class watchbox-brush(刷子）-3 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词ves 一般读作leaf （叶子）thief（小偷）一变 f 和 fe 为 v 再加 es/vz/knife wife（

2、妻子）一规则、七W读曰例子4以 y 结尾 的名 词以辅音字母+ y 结尾的名 词，变 y 为 i，再加 es（e） s 一般读 作/iz/family party story city 以元音字母+ y 结尾的名词+ss 一般读作/z/toy boyday5.以 o 结尾的名 词有生命的一般加-eshero potatotomato pia no _ radio无生命的一般加-szoo_ photo可数名词复数形式的不规则变化规则例词1改变名词中的元音字母或其他变化形式marwoma n foot tooth goose 特殊：child mouse 2单复数同形sheepdeer 3只有复数

3、形式trousers clothes chopsticks glasses（眼镜）goods（商品）4一些集体名词用作复数people police cattle（牛）staff（全体职员）规则例词5表示“某 国人”变 复数加-sAmerica n Germa n Europea n单复数同形Chin ese Japa nese以-man 或-woman 结尾的改为- men或-wome nEn glishma n Fren chwoman-记忆口诀：中日不变英法变，其余 s 加后面常见的不可数名词类别例词orange 橙汁milk牛奶water水液体wine 酒juice果汁tea茶物质名

4、词coffee 咖啡soup汤oil油食物bread 面包meat肉cheese奶酪自然物体 soil 土壤sand沙子wood木头类别例词抽象名词情感joy 咼兴 friendship友谊 peace 和平学科math 数学geography地理physics 物理chemistry化学概念advice 建议 in formatio n信息 n ews 消息time 时间 money 金钱 populati on人口knowledge 知识 music 音乐不可数名词的量化具体的量数词+量词+ of +不可数名词two bottles of orange大概的量表示量的限定词+不可数名词so

5、me good pieces of n ews不可数名词的多少可用以下词组来表示:a block of 一块； a bottle of 一瓶 a group of一群；a pile of 一堆 a pair of一组/ 双/ 对；a piece of 一片 / 张/ 块既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词的词单词词义可数名词不可数名词fish鱼，鱼类（条数，种类）（复数形式：fish ）鱼肉room房间 a room空间glass玻璃杯 a glass; 眼镜（glasses）玻璃time次数，倍数 three times时间experie nee经历 an experie nee经验单词词义可数名

6、词不可数名词work作品 a work工作water水域（waters）水orange橘子（oranges）橘子汁food食物种类食物【2016 广东】The broke n_ may cut into your hand if you touch it, you should be careful.A. glassB. glassesC. can dleD. can dles【2016 广西来宾】There are many_about this farm.Yes, lots of_are pla nted on it.A. photo; potatoB. photos; potatosC.

7、 photos; potatoesD. photoes; potatoes1. Help yourself to some_ . There are lots of vitami ns in them.A. tomatoB. tomatoesC. tomatosD. potatos2.if you take a pla ne, you cannot take_ onto the pla ne with you.A. knifeB. knifesC. kni vesD. a kni ves3. The_have caught the two_already.A. policema n; thie

8、fB. policeme n; thiefsC. policeme n; thievesD. policema n; thieves【2016 重庆】It s sports time. Mostfootball on the playgro und.A. boyB. boys C. boy s【2015 攀枝花】All the are fromstudents in Class 1 are play ingD. boysA. men doctors; Germa nyB. men doctors; Germa nC. man doctors; Germa nyD. man doctor; Ge

9、rma n【2015 广安】How manycan you see in the picture?Two.A. dog B. child C. sheeps D. sheep【2015 天河】Would you like someth ing to drink?_ e.A. Two bottle of orange B. Two bottle of oran gesC. Two bottles of orange D. Two bottles of oran gess所有格使用场合与构成方法例子1单数名词在末尾加sthe boy s father名词所有格复数般在末尾加the teachers

10、roomthe way to the bankthe key to the door名词不规则复数名词后加sChildren s Day3表示各有关系时，各名词末尾均须加sJane s and Mary s bikes（两人各有）表示共有关系时，在取后一词末加sJane and Mary s bike（两人共有）of 所有格使用场合与构成方法例子多用在无生命事物名词前a map of Chinathe legs of the chair“名词+of+名词”表示物体所属关系。也可用于表示人和其他有生Do you know the n ame of the命的名词，一般用在名词定语较长的时候boy

11、 sitt ing in bed?注意孙杨的故事the story of Sun Yang =Sun Yang s story双重所有格of +名词所有格Lucy is a frie nd of my sisters.露西是我妹妹的一个朋友。of +名词性物主代词a picture of her son s她儿子的一张照片the way to the bankthe key to the door（属于儿子所有，但照片中的人不一定就她儿子） 由“数词+名词”构成的合成名词作定语时，其所有格一般用名词的单数形式，注意中间有 连字符“-”。 少数名词使用的固定搭配（to 所有格）a two-day

12、 holiday两天的假期a 200-metre-wide river一条 200 米宽的河the an swer to the question【2016 山东东营】Are you sure this is a photo, the famous comedy actress?It surprised you, didn t it? But she was once really thin.A. Jia Ling B. Jia Li ngs C. of Jia Li ng D. of Jia Li ng s【2015 武威】_ mothers can t go to parents meet

13、ing because they are too busy.A. Jack s and PaulB. Jac k s and Paul sC. Jack and Paul sD. Jack and Paul【2014 广东】Katheri ne was excited to receive a doze n of roses from her husba nd on_Day.A. Woman B. Women C. Woman s D. Women s【2015 黑龙江】一 Whose room is this? Is it theYes, it is _A. twins ; Tom and

14、Tim s B. twinC. twins ; Tom and Tim【2015 临沂】I live near the station. Itwalk .s; Toms and Tim ss only about five -A. minute s B. minuteC. minutes D. minutes1._school is quite n ear the bus stati on.A.Ted and Tom s B. Teds and Tom s C. Ted and Tom D. Ted and Toms2. Do you know the boy who is play ing

15、soccer there?Certa in ly. He is a friend of my_A. brotherB. brothers C. brothers D. brothersRead ing timeA GREedy dog went into a butcher shop and stolea big juicy bone. He ran away so fast that the butcher could not catch him. He ran out into thefields with his bone.He was going to eat it all byhim

16、self.the dog came to a stream . There was a n arrowbridge across it. The dog walked on to the bridge, andlooked into the water. He could seea no ther dog with a big bone i n his mouth.the GREedy dog thought the bone in the water looked much bigger tha n the one hehad stole nfrom thebutcher .the GREe

17、dy dog dropped the bone from his mouth. Itfell into the water and was lost. Hejumped into the water tosn atch the bigger bone from the other dog.the GREedy dog jumped into the water with a big splash. He looked everywhere buthe could not see the other dog. Hisshadow had gone.the silly dog went home

18、hun gry. He lost his bone and got nothing because he had b een tooGREedy.Lion was awake ned from sleep by a Mouse running over his face. Rising up in an ger,he caught him and was about to kill him, when the Mouse piteously entreated,say in g: If you would onlyspare my life , I would be sure to repay your kindn ess.The Lion laughed and let him go.It happe ned shortly after this that the Lion was caught by somehun ters, whobound him by strong ropes to the ground. The Mouse, recog nizing