英国文学复习资料

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上What is the French influence over English literature? The French influence is most marked in the drama. Rimed couplets instead of blank verse, the unities, a more regular construction, and the presentation rather than individual these were some of the French requirements which the Engli

2、sh dramatists had more or less in mind. The comedies are coarse in language and their view of the relations between men and women is immoral and dishonest. What is the main theme of Sonnet 18? This poem asserts the power of literature to combat the ravages of time and declare the greatness of man an

3、d his immortality. Shakespeare expresses that as long as there are breaths in mankind, his poetry will also live on, and ensures the immortality of his thought.What are the features of Dickenss works? Dickenss novels offer a most complete and realistic picture of the English bourgeois society of his

4、 age. They reflect the protest of the people against capitalist exploitation; criticize the vices of capitalist society. Dickens is a petty bourgeois intellectual. He could not overstep the limits of his class. He failed to see the necessity of a bitter struggle of the oppressed against their oppres

5、sors. There is a definite tendency for a reconciliation of the contradictions of capitalist society. Almost all his novels have happy endings. His novels tell much of the experiences of his childhood. Dickens is a great humorist. His novels are full of humor and laughter. What are the common feature

6、s of the novels in Victorian Age? The common features of the novels in Victorian Age are: a. The plot is unfolded against a social background.b. The cause-effect sequence is much more striking.c. Most of the Victorian novels were first published in serial form, that is, by installment, before they w

7、ere fully published in a single book.d. The Victorian novels were tainted by the spirit of Puritanism of the Victorian age.e. The Victorian novels were characterized by their moral purpose.1. Give a summary about the English literature during the Renaissance. English literature in the Renaissance Pe

8、riod is usually regarded as the highlight in the history of English literature. In the second period of English Renaissance that is, in Elizabethan Period, English literature developed with a great speed and made a magnificent achievement. The greatest and most distinctive achievement of Elizabethan

9、 literature is the drama. Thus appeared a group of excellent dramatists and great poets, such as John Lyly, Thomas Kyd, Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, Thomas Wyatt, Henry Howard and Edmund Spenser. Since English Renaissance Period was an age of poetry and drama, and was not an age of pros

10、e, there were not so many prose writers. In the beginning period, the great humanist, Thomas More wrote his famous prose work Utopia, which may be thought of as the first literary masterpiece of the English Renaissance. In Elizabethan Period, Francis Bacon wrote more than 50 excellent essays, which

11、make him one of the best essayists in English literature. 2. Give a brief introduction to Utopia. Utopia is Mores masterpiece, written in the form of a conversation between More and a returned sailor. The whole work is divided into two books. The first book contains a long discussion on the social c

12、onditions of England. In the second book, More describes in detail and ideal society called Utopia. The name “Utopia” comes from two Greek words meaning no place. It was used by More to name his ideal society. Book One of Utopia is a picture of contemporary England. The author severely criticizes En

13、glish society and exposes social evils: the enclosure for land and the ensuing expulsion of peasants. Book two offers us a good picture of an ideal society in some unknown ocean. All citizens in Utopia are politically equal. Everybody takes part in labor. The products of the society are distributed

14、according to the needs of the citizens. All religions in this ideal society are authorized and tolerance is the law. Life there is pleasant. This work became very popular after its publications. It is regarded as one of the earliest work of Utopian socialism. Karl Marx highly commended this work3. G

15、ive a brief comment on The Merchant of Venice. Of Shakespeares earlier comedies, The Merchant of Venice is certainly the most outstanding one in which Shakespeare creates tension, ambiguity, a self-conscious and self-delighting artifice that is at once intellectually exciting and emotionally engagin

16、g. The sophistication derives in part from the play between high, outgoing romance and dark forces of negativity and hate. The traditional theme of the play is to praise the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a heroine of great beauty, wit and loyalty, and to expose the i

17、nsatiable greed and brutality of the Jew, especially the holocaust committed by the Nazy Germany during the Second World War, it is very difficult to see Shylock as a conventional evil figure. And many people today tend to regard the play as a satire of the Christian hypocrisy and their false standa

18、rds of friendship and love, their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and their unreasoning prejudice against Jew. 4. What is the main idea of Hamlet? The story of the play comes from an old Danish legend. It is very likely that Shakespeare borrowed something from Thomas Kyds The Spanish Tragedy. T

19、he whole play shows how Hamlet, hero of the play who represents good and justice, fights against his uncle in whom all the evil things of the time can be seen. Hamlets father, the old King has been poisoned to death by his own brother. The new king, that is, Hamlets uncle, has married the Queen, Ham

20、lets mother. Hamlet wants to revenge for his father. He is not a weak-minded young man. He loves his people and is loved by them. He shows his bravery in running after the Ghost of his father, in killing the kings minister, Polonist, in fighting with the pirates on the sea, and with Laertes. He has

21、seen through the wicked and unjust world which he lives in. He observes that “Denmark is a prison”. He is determined to do away the evils in the society. Finally he kills all the enemies and avenges his father. He dies a heroic death. Shakespeare showed his great creative abilities in writing this p

22、lay. Hamlet is made a hero of the Renaissance period and the representative of humanism. Through him Shakespeare expressed his own humanist ideas. This play is usually regarded as the summit of Shakespeares art. 5. In which period did Shakespeare write his main comedies? What did he tell us in this

23、comedies? 【第一问略】 In these plays Shakespeare portrayed the young people who had just freed from the feudal fetters. He sang of their youth, their love and ideal of happiness. The heroes and heroines were sons and daughters of the Renaissance. They trust not in God or King but in themselves. Shakespea

24、re put women characters at a prominent place in his comedies. He showed great respect for the dignity, honesty, wit, courage, determination and resourcefulness of women. The young heroines in Shakespeares comedies are independent in character and very frank. In speaking, thinking and feeling, they a

25、re equals or even superiors of men. Shakespeares comedies are imbued with bourgeoisie ideas and show progressive significance. 6. When were Shakespeares main tragedies written? What did he write about in his tragedies? 【第一问略】 Shakespeares main tragedies are associated with a period of gloom and sorr

26、ow in his life. During this period, England witnessed a general unrest and social contradictions became very sharp. His main tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth. All of these plays express a profound dissatisfaction with life. They show the struggle and conflicts between good and

27、evil of the time, between justice and injustice. In these plays, the writer Shakespeare condemns the dark and evil society. 鱼知水恩，乃幸福之源也。鱼离不开水，人离不开亲人和朋友，当你处于逆境和灾难时，帮助你一臂之力，渡过难关的人，都是你的亲人和朋友。吃水不忘挖井人，度过苦难，不能忘记援助过你的人。知恩图报，善莫大焉。一个人要想获得幸福，必须懂得感恩。生活需要一颗感恩的心来创造， 一颗感恩的心需要生活来滋养。一饭之恩，当永世不忘。顺境里给你帮助的人，不能全部称作朋友，但是能够在你逆境时依然愿意援助你，走出困境的人，一定是你要用一生去感谢和珍惜的人。唐代李商隐的晚晴里有这样一句诗：天意怜幽草，人间重晚晴。久遭雨潦之苦的幽草，忽遇晚晴，得以沾沐余辉而平添生意。当一个人闯过难关的时候，一定要记住那些支撑你，陪你一起走过厄运的朋友和亲人，这个世界谁也不亏欠谁，帮你是情分，不帮你是本分。如古人所说：淡看世事去如烟，铭记恩情存如血。学会感恩父母养育之恩，学会感恩朋友的帮助之情，生活里做一个有情有义的人。你要知道，父母，永远是你最亲近的人，是最