英语音标基础学习及练习

1、英语音标基础学习及练习英语音标学习认识几个定义：1、音素英语语音中最小的发音单位。2、元音发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍。3、辅音发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍。4、音节说话时最小的语音片段。一个可以为单个元音（如I/a?/），或者一个元音加上一个或多个辅音（如tree /tri:/ ）。 单词可以根据音节数量分为：单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。5、开音节以读音为元音的字母结尾的音节，即辅音+元音（如me, he 等）；或以不发音字母 e 结尾（如 name, come 等）。6、闭音节以一个或几个辅音字母结尾且中间只有一个元音，即元音 +辅音（如 it, pen, pick等）。

2、7、重读在双音节或多音节单词中，有个音节必须读得特别强而重，而其它音节读得相对弱而轻，这种现象就叫单词重读。用符号“ ”表示。8、清音和浊音（辅音）发音时声带不振动叫清辅音；声带振动叫浊辅音。音标基础学习一、英语共有48 个音素，元音20 个，辅音 28 个元音1.长短： /i:/ / ?/?:/ /?/?:/ / ?/ /U:/ / ?/2.大小： /e/ /?/:/ /?/3. I 组： /e?/ /a?/ /?/4. U 组： /?/ /a?/5. ? 组： /?/ /e?/ /?/清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /?/t?/s/tr/ /ts/ /h/浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /

3、g/ /v/ /e / /z/ / ?/ /d ?/ /dr/ /dz/ /r/ /m/n/ /?/ /?/ /w/j/注： s 与辅音元音里的爆破音结合时，通常是清辅音被浊化, /p/t/ /k/ 它们浊化后，分别发成: /b/ /d/ /g/二 26 个字母在单词中的具体发音a1./ei/nameablecaketabletakedate2./?/applecatmap am match mattersad and angry3./: /dancelastpassplant4./?/wantwhatwatchwash5./?/a arrivealongalikealoude1./i:/he

4、 she me evening meter2./e/elephant eggbedpenbestgetemptyFebruarynextthen send3./i/enjoyEnglisheleven becauseforesti1./ai /finebikefiveiceclimberhikingkind2./i/issitmiss pigpictureinterestingilldinnerhimlistenpickrivero1./?u /oldhomenosecoketomatotofuover holdpiano2./?/dognotclockboxrobotonfromforest

5、oftenstop 3.4.u1.2./?/ sonmonthmotherloveyoung /u:/whodowhose /ju: / use usually excuse menu/?/bus us sun duck uncle up trunk funny must3./ u / put pullhelpfulb/b/bookbig bag boxc1.2./k/clean climb cup clock cook collect curtain clothes /s/face nice pencil city cinemad/d/desk doll dog dad day don t

6、dish does deepf/f/fine friend fly foot fan fall fight favourite fruit funnyg1.2./ gun glass glad go get/d?/ageorangevillageh/h/hat her house honey happy have heavier hurt hobby hospitalj/ d?/jeepjacket jump Jan. July Junek/k/kite cake thank kangaroo speak take walk work lake likel1.2.n1.2./n/ no kno

7、wnew hand/?/ thank think thinguncleswing/l/legleftruler flaglamplonger relax play/l/ apple bowl tell old tail whalem/m/am map my mouth milkp/p/map jeep pig pen apple plant play potato please policeman q/kw/quitequilt quickr/r/red radio brother rain read run rabbit write mirror library s1.2./s/ sit m

8、iss this salty books spring swim sleep sometimes grass/z/ nose those rose rulersseasont/t/it sit not that table little tired take left fruit but plant v/v/five very sevenvillage livew/w/we windowwatch want wait water Wednesday winterwithx/ks/boxsix fox relax四、单词重音（y1.2.3. /ai /my fly why bye/ j / ye

9、s yellow young yesterday / i /happy baby very windy snowy studyz/ z / zoo zero三、常见字母组合（一）元音组合ai/ei/ wait paintay/ei/ may play day sayair/ ?/air hair chairal/?:/ tall small ballar/ : / farther farm car armea /i:/ meat please tea read /e/ head bread ready /i ?/theaterear / i ? / earhearnear / ?/ bear

10、/?:/earthee /i:/ meet see bee feet jeepeir/ ?/theirer/?/worker teacher /?:/herere/i ?/here / ?/where thereew /ju: / newfew /u: / flewgrewight/ai / right high brightir/?: / bird girl shirt thirtyoa/?u/ boat coatong/o?/longsongoo /u/bookfootgood /u:/ moon balloonor /?:/short fork port/?: /word world w

11、orkoor/?:/ doorfloorore/?:/more store soreou/au/ out house mouthour /?:/fouryour /au?/ ourow /?u/ bowlwindow /au/ now cowfloweroy/oi/boytoyur/?: /turn（二）辅音组合th / / thank mouth / / this that with tr/tr/ tree train truckdr/dr/ dress driversh/ / shirt wash shortch /t / child chaircatch / k / schoolChri

12、stmas / d /sandwichtw/tw/two twin twentywh /w/ white wheel what /h/ who whose whomts/ts/jacketskitesds/dz/birdsfriends（三）特殊组合tion/ n/ questionnationword stress）英语单词分为单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。含有一个元音音素的字母组合叫做一个音节，由一个音节构成的词叫做单音节词，如bedb?d,dadd?d.由两个音节构成的词叫双音节词，如funny f?n? ， famous fem?s由两个以上音节构成的单词叫多音节词，如deliciou

13、s d ?l?s英语单词如果有一个以上的音节则有重读音节和非重读音节，由符号“ ”表示，如about? baut。有的多音节词有两个重音，一个是主重音，一个是次重音，或两个都是主重音，次重音用符号 “， ”表示，标在次重音的左下方。如 anybody ?n?,bd?。双音节的重音一般落在第一个音节上，多音节的重音通常为倒数第三个音节，如documentary ,d kj ?m?nt?r?， grandfather gr?nd,fe。四句子重音（sentence stress）一个句子中，实词（名词，实义动词，数词，形容词，副词等）重读；虚词（冠词，介词）不重读。英语音标练习题一、口语练习（一）

14、读出下列单词：1. /i:/i/e/?/bit/wi:k/di:l/ri ?l/kid/dig/kwik/tip/zip/rid/wil/bitweekdealrealkiddigquicktipzipridwill/p?k/g?p/tr? ?/n?g/r?m/b?tl/sed/ h?pi/ / setl/di pend/packgaptrashnagrambattlesaidhappysettledepend2. /a:/?:/ ?/u:/u/ma:sk/pa:st/fra:ns/st?:m/n?:t/f ?ks/s?k/fa:/la:d ?/ma:k/maskpastFrancestorm

15、naughtfoxsockfarlargemark/ ?t/pr ?mis/lu:s/tuk/mud/ ru:/pul/wud/thoughtpromiseloosetookmoodthroughpullwood3. /?/?/?/d?l/ h?ri/g?lf/ ?bl/tr/?:n/s?:f/ :n?/t?/ beg?/t?k/dullhurrygulftroubleearnsurfturnerbeggertuck/k?:b/?:k/? merik/ s?k?/ k?mp?/s? vei/p? veid/p? h?ps/ curbirkAmericasoccercampersurveyper

16、vadeperhaps4. /ei/?u/ai/au/?i/keip/greit/mein/pr?p?uz/ m?u ?n/st?un/ ?uv?/sait/ kapegreatmainproposemotionstoneoversight /raim/daut/ taipist/aust/m ?ist/ ?ist?/rhymedoubttypistoustmoistoyster5. /i?/?/u?/vi ?/?f?/d ?/sk ?/bu?n/gu?d/ ru?l/? pi?/k?l?mbi ?/ veeraffairdarescarebourngourdruralappearColomb

17、ia6. / /e/m ?n / i:f/e?t/e?n/fei /t? gee?/ / ?k/e?m selvz/monththiefthatthanfaithtogetherthankthemselves（二）、绕口令：1. A tidy tiger tied a tie tighter to tidy her tiny tail.2. A mad man says that Amanda has captured a fat panda.3. If you notice this notice, you will notice that this notice is not worth

18、noticing.4. A big black bug bit a big black bear, made the big black bear bleed blood.5. If two witches watched two watches, which witch would watch which watch?Which wristwatch is a Swiss wristwatch?6. She sells sea shells on the seashore. The seashells she sells are seashells she is sure.二、笔头练习：（一） . 找出画线部分读音不同的单词(B CD(B C D() 12. ABC D()13.A BC D(（二）根据音标写单词：fa:_da:ns _mu:n _ka