中考英语短文填空解题技巧讲解

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上中考英语短文填空解题技巧讲解1、 考点分析 1. 主要考察学生对词汇的变形拓展运用。2. 考察学生对前后句的逻辑理解。3. 需要学生熟悉常考重点词汇及其变形。2、 专题详解（一）通过标志词判断词形1. 冠词、名词类 art. +_n._此结构的特点是冠词后少空，而后又没有名词，那么所填空常为名词。a bookan hour the policemenThis is a book. I need an hour.练习1. However, one of the _near my house seems to use more of these bags than eve

2、 before.(shop) 拓展art. +_adj._ + n.此结构的特点是冠词后少空，后面再接一个名词，这种情况下空里常填的词语有形容词(最高级）、序数词、名词所有格。1. the beautiful girl the first person the Teachers Day2. She is the first person to finish this task.3. What's the real meaning of the word "peace"? The _story may tell us something about it. (foll

3、ow) opportunity use achieve me job quiet successful towards prepare treat care difference4. The _person, on the other hand, works little and just wait to see them pass by. 练习1. Before the beginning of every lecture, I found an _5_ phenomenon(现象). (interest) 2. There was once a king who offered an aw

4、ard to an artist who could paint the _ picture of peace. (good) 延伸：_仅用一个词修饰_ + n. 此结构的特点是名词前仅有一个词语修饰，此空经常的填法有形容词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、指示代词单数。例1. my book 2. their advice 3. this boy 4. I want to hear their advice.5.She met this boy three years ago. 拓展：如果adj.修饰复合不定代词，则必须为后置修饰。即 复合不定代词+ adj.Would you

5、60;think they were laughing at something _that one of them said? (fun) 练习somebody       feel            day          

6、60; successfully      lie           youpleasant         discover       careful        lose    &

7、#160;      instruction      embarrass1. Although Eiffel designed the tower for people to visit, it was also for _use. (science2. You might think of 11, or some _characters like “二” or “十”! 2系动词类。系动词+ adj. 中考12选10中常考的系动词包括look, feel, get, be这四类，系动词+ad

8、j.是常考考法。例1. look tiredget excited2. I feel relaxed when Im with my family.3. This did not look _ at all. (peace) 4. After we had travelled for about twenty miles, there was still no sign of the town which was marked on the map, we were beginning to get _. (worry) understand happy stop care he think

9、foot worry look good feel but5. He decided not go home at once, if he looked _, his other would notice.somebody       feel           day            successfully 

10、;     lie          you pleasant         discover       careful         lose        &#

11、160;  instruction     embarrass “Lets play a hoax on the man, we hide his shoes, hide ourselves and wait to see how embarrassed he would be when finds that his shoes are_. 拓展：be动词后常跟adj.，但也存在be+ n./ pron./ adv. 做表语的情况；“I told him Spiderman is _ to save him. No one will

12、hurt him now,” Mr. Smith said. (here) 3. 介词 此结构的特点是介词后填空，基本结构为 prep. + _n./ pron./v-ing_ 12选10常考介词有of, in, with, like等。例1. She is fond of swimming. 2. Mike does well in math.3. She included her Chinese address in the letter in the hope of_ a reply. (receive) 4. After _a conversation between the boys

13、 mother and his teachers about his love of superheroes, Mr. Smithhurried home to get his Spiderman clothes. (hear)拓展： 在n./ pron.+ of n./ pron.即介词of前是名或代词，of后也应该填名词或者代词练习1. You are all looking at each other's tea cups and _of you even en

14、vy (羡慕) the finer(比较级)  cups of others.(any) （二）通过结构判断词形1. 句子prep.或to do + n.或名词短语 / pron.此句式的特点是：一个句子之后有一个空，空后跟有人称代词宾格或名词（短语），则空格处应填一个介词或不定式。例 1. The old man told the children that he would give them 25 cents each week _them play football in the street at night. (see)e

15、ver use after hold Italian woman on final two she take skating2. Her victory(胜利) came _years of trail following the 2010 Games. 练习complain boss goal me rich winnerwhere but fail quiet high without1. If you want to stand out among people, there are no other choices _hard work. fight pollute whole eas

16、y kill serious few little become long use only2. Many countries have made rules _pollution.2. 句子to do +介词短语 此句式特点是：一个句子之后有一个空，空后跟着介词短语，则空格处只能填入不定式，此句式，填入动词受空后介词的约束。练习photo with world why full didnttour feed touch how swim memorizeYou dont have to travel far _with a dolphin. Dolphin swims are now pos

17、sible in tourist areas and in cites. 3. 句子反身代词 或 反身代词句子此结构成立的条件是：1）句子主干成分完整；2）空格前紧挨着pron. /n., 则空格处填入反身代词表强调；例If you really want to play for the scholarship of a good college，nothing but you _can stop your dream. (you) 练习1. After reading the story, we can understand that when we receive a chocolate

18、as a gift from a child, we get more than the chocolate. (it) 2. Then they start off on the journey. The weather was hot but the plan went well with the traveler riding on the donkey and the owner _following behind. (him)he build run easy get stand visit invent say science France which3. It's int

19、eresting that Eiffel _lived in the tower where he had his own apartment. 4. . it is + adj./ n. +(for sb) to do sth 此句型特点是：it is后面跟adj.或n.或名词短语，中间的for somebody可省略，则空格处填入不定式。例Is it necessary _so many bags? (use) 练习1. If each of the questions in a math test had more than one answer, it would be quite a

20、 problem for teachers_.(check) 2. I would like to have friends who are like me. It is necessary _the same. All my friends are funny and outgoing. (be)5. _and _此句式的特点是：空格出现在and的左边或右边，则and左或右填的词，词性和词形要保持一致。例1. We should remind ourselves and teach our children about the beauty of feelings and _of grati

21、tude. (feel) 2. He sadly walked away and _ how to tell his mother about it. (think) 练习talk clear river past wash boynever it have strange something strange1. One day, we had supper early. We were sitting round the fire, eating and _, when a man walked past and went down towards the river. 6. 句子， v.-

22、ing + adv/ n./ pron. / 介词短语 或 v.-ing + adv/ n./ pron./ 介词短语，句子 此句式的特点是：一个句子之后，跟着一个逗号，逗号之后有一个空格，空格后跟着adv/ n./ pron. / 介词短语，则该空填入V.-ing形式；反之，若空格+ adv/ n./ pron./ 介词短语+逗号+句子，则空格处填入V.-ing形式。例Sometimes, however, I recceive a gift, _me of the gifts in my life. (remind) 练习1._ down, he felt sorry for himsel

23、f. (look) all any behave difference drink eat enjoy fine look real surprise these3. Once there was a teacher who took all his students for tea. What made the students surprised was that all the cups on the table were different. Each of them took a cup and started drinking their own tea, _at the othe

24、rs cups. （三）辨析易混淆结构在以上的很多固定结构中，有很多形似分不清，理还乱的句型公式，以致于造成分不清用不来的尴尬局面，为此我们深入研究和详细解释公式中易混淆的结构。l1.句子 ；句子; ,句子VS 句子, 句子; 句子， 句子则=adv. = conj.例  _adv._ they start laughing; They start laughing_adv._; They _adv._start laughing.VS Kids may like some sports _conj._ they see how people do them._conj._

25、 they see how people do them, kids may like some sports.解析adv. 为一个句子中的修饰词，去掉该词后整个句子在语法上是正确的； conj.是用来连接两个句子的，去掉之后两个句子在语法上不正确。例 older people often teach proverbs to younger people.练习except sometimes bloom nice shower flower visit if sometime weather important go1. _ you are visiting these years, you

26、need to know about it.want on instead agree part-time but spend in until thousand make study2. _, they receive money from their parents.feel like exam use face be tell speak necessary something as although3. _ he still isnt at his original(原来的) level, Lin doesnt fear anyone.2. 句子 n./pron. VS 句子, 句子;

27、 句子， 句子 则=prep., =conj.例 He was born _prep._ arms.VS Kids may like some sports _conj._ they see how people do them; _conj._ they see how people do them, kids may like some sports.解析 prep.用来连接一个句子和名词，conj.用来连接两个句子。例：The soldiers took every young man except the farmers son. The news has excited many y

28、oung Chinese, as it is Chinas first stealth fighter.练习as close end get family large last over performance say tradition between1. The program has received large audiences(观众), which have grown greatly _ years.follow hard now interest just someone everyone do other than first what1. Misunderstandings

29、 happen if we dont say correctly _ we mean.三、课堂练习综合应用固定结构判断词形 angry well song also relax think clean when finger medicine they whileI am a doctor. People often come to see me because they have colds or coughs. People_1_come to see me because they are sad or nervous. Sometimes _medicine_helps. But ma

30、ny doctors_thought_ that music can help people feel better. I asked a few of my patients(病人)how music helped them.“Sometimes I was_4_when I was a childMy family said, “Play your feelings on the piano! ” Sometimes I play a loud_5_on the piano. Soon I feel calm(平静的）. I can laugh and cry through my_6_

31、on the piano. Its natural for me. “Its like breathing(呼吸).”“Listening to music helps me feel_7_. I like to listen to music and dance when I_am cleaning my house.”“I play the violin. I like playing at night_9_it is quiet. After playing I am tired and I am happy. I always sleep_better_after playing my

32、 violin”Are you a musician? Good! Keep playingIf you are not a musician, listen to music and sing or dance. Its good medicine解析1. 满足 句adv.子 的结构。缺副词，从12个备选词中筛选出副词和潜力副词，再根据意思，最终锁定 also.4. 满足 系动词 +adj. 的结构，标志词是系动词be, 缺adj. 再结合意思， angry.5. 满足 art.+adj.+n. 的结构，筛选出 名词song.6. 形容词性物主代词+n. 结构，筛选出名词 fingers.7

33、. 满足 系动词 +adj. 的结构, 标志词是系动词，选形容词，结合意思，对relax适 当变形， relaxed.9. 满足句子(，) 句子 的结构，选用conj. when.练习 age life as impress somewhere one go wear begin common become crossT-shirt is 1._ appeared at the _2_of the 20th century. In the early 1900s, they were worn by sailors in the American navy under their u

34、niforms. Over the next few decades more people began to wear them. In 1951, people were impressed deeply by the sight of Marlon Brando's white T-shirt in a film. Then, when James Dean wore a T-shirt in the movie Revel Without a Cause, T-shirts suddenly _became_ cool. Young people _across_ Americ

35、an started wearing T-shirts 6._ a symbol of their own rebellious (反叛的) feelings.As the young people of James times got older, they continued to wear T-shirts. They could have anything they wanted printed on them. There is nothing rebellious about 7._ a T-shirt now, however. People of all 8._ wear th

36、em. In fact, the T-shirt is probably 9. _piece of clothing in the world. And these days it is OK to wear a T-shirt almost 10._and anytime.解析 1. 满足 句 _子结构，再结合句意，T恤第一次出现在20世纪初，选first.6. 满足句子 _ n. 结构， 筛选prep, 选择as.7. prep+_, doing/n. 再结合句意，穿T恤。 填wearing.8. 限定词_. 填n. ages.9. _+n.(可数名词单数)， 再结合句意，填the mos

37、t common.10. _ and _ 结构，and 后谓anytime, 选择anywhere.巩固练习练习hide thinkcontrol off falllaugh luck I troubleon possibleright“If you want to play basketball, get on the court,” shouted my gym teacher.I jumped 1._ onto the basketball court. 2. _, I was the only girl. Always, girls 3._are thought_ to be weak

38、 in basketball. Should I sit down? Or should I show my moves to these boys? With these things in mind, I took my place on the court.The game was about to began when a boy shouted:“Girl, get 4. _ the court. Basketball isnt your game.” His words stuck in my mind. The coach blew his whistle, and game b

39、egan. When I got the ball, I ran across the basketball court like a tornado(龙卷风) destroying a cityand I then 5. _. There was so much 6. _. I made a fool of 7. _. I knew I had to do something to improve myself.I went back in. I felt the pressure at once. I got the ball, dribbled it down the court and made a layup（带球上篮）. I did the same thing when I got the ball again. I was in 8. _. By the end of the game, I had beaten just about every boy on that court.I had done what had seemed 9. _. Even tho