高一英语人教课标必修1unit1语法——直接引语和间接引语素材

1、Direct Speech & Indirect speech妈妈说:” 杰克是个好工人“.Mother said :”Jack is a good worker.”妈妈说杰克是个好工人。Mother said that Jack is a good worker直接引语：直接引语：间接引语：间接引语： Direct speech:Indirect speech:句子结构的变化句子结构的变化 He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “Ill g

2、ive you an exam next Monday. ” He said ( ) he would give us an exam the next Monday. 1. 直接引语是直接引语是陈述句陈述句,变为间接引语的方法变为间接引语的方法 引导词为引导词为: 语序语序:that不变不变that He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are int

3、erested in English, arent you?” He asked ( ) I was interested in English. 2. 直接引语是直接引语是一般疑问句一般疑问句，变为间接引语变为间接引语 引导词为引导词为: 语序语序:if 或或 whether陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）whether He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your c

4、ountry?” He asked us ( ) car factories had been built in our country. 3. 直接引语是直接引语是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句，变为间接引语变为间接引语 引导词为引导词为: 语序语序:特殊疑问词特殊疑问词陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）how many 口诀口诀 说明说明直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语人称人称变化变化一一随随主主二二 随随 宾宾 三三 不不 变变引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变She said,“

5、 I like Tennis.”She said that she liked tennis.He said to Lily,“ you must get up early.”He told Lily that she must get up early.She said to me ,“ They want tohelp him.”She told me that they wanted tohelp him.间接引语中的人称与直接引语中的人称指向一致间接引语中的人称与直接引语中的人称指向一致.时态的变化时态的变化直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句动词为一般

6、现在主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时时或现在完成时She often says, “All men and women are equal under the law.”从句动词时态不变从句动词时态不变She often says that all men and women are equal under the law.直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句主句动词动词为一为一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为: 从句从句动词动词时态时态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:一般现在时一般现在时“I know it,” he said.一般过去时一般过去

7、时He said that he knew it. 直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句主句动词动词为一为一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句从句动词动词时态时态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:现在进行时现在进行时“Im making coffee for you all,” she said.过去进行时过去进行时She said she was making coffee for us all. 直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句主句动词动词为一为一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句从句动词动词时态时

8、态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:现在完成时现在完成时“I have seen her before,” said he. 过去完成时过去完成时He said he had seen her before. 直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句主句动词动词为一为一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句从句动词动词时态时态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:一般过去时一般过去时“I saw her last night,” he said.过去完成时过去完成时He said he had seen her the night before. 直

9、接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句主句动词动词为一为一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句从句动词动词时态时态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:过去完成时过去完成时“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack asked.过去完成时过去完成时Jack asked if I knew Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died. 直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)

10、主句主句动词动词为一为一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句从句动词动词时态时态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:一般将来时一般将来时He said: “We shall start tomorrow.”过去将来时过去将来时He said they would start the next day.直接引语变间接引语时直接引语变间接引语时, 时态要发生变化时态要发生变化:一般现在时一般现在时现在完成时现在完成时现在进行时现在进行时一般将来时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时过去将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时由直接引语转

11、变为间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况下列情况时态不变时态不变:1. 不变的真理不变的真理 The teacher said to the students, “Light travels much faster than sound.” The teacher told the students that light travels much faster than sound.2. 经常的习惯：经常的习惯： Tom said, “I go to work in my car every day.” Tom said that he goes to work in his car e

12、very day.3. 历史事件：历史事件： The teacher said, “World War ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.4. 部分情态动词部分情态动词,如如must, ought to, used to, had better等：等： She said to me: “You must hurry up.” She told me I must hurry up.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向动词的变化动词的变化直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语thi

13、sthesenowagotodaytomorrowthatthosethenbefore/earlierthat daythe next/following day直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语the day after tomorrowyesterdaylast nightthe day before yesterdaycomeherein two days timethe day beforethe night beforetwo days beforegotherePractice makes perfect!Exercise1. “I never eat meat.” he said

14、. He said that _ never _ meat.2. “Ive found my wallet.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _

15、 down in the west.5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He _ me that he _ met her the day _.6. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.heatetoldhadFound hisshehadtaken

16、risesgoestoldhadbeforehadbeforehadthere1.注意时态的变化；2.注意人称变化；3.注意指示代词的变化；4.注意时间状语的变化；5.注意地点状语的变化；6.注意个别趋向动词的变化。小结：Homework:u Do Exercise 2 on Page 5.u Preview the next part of this unit.将下列句子转换为间接引语：1. He said,“ I have finished my homework last night”.2. She said,“ I havent seen her today.”He said that

17、 he had finished his homework the night before.She said that she hadnt seen her that day.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“Tell (ask, order, beg等等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型句型 。如：如： 1.Dont make any noise, the teacher said to the students. She told (ordered) the students not to make any noise. 2.“Ope

18、n the door, please, said she.She asked him to open the door.直接引语如果是以直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用接引语时，通常用“suggest +动名词（或从句）动名词（或从句）”如如： He said, Lets go to the movies. He suggested going to the movies.或或He suggested that they should go to see the movies.1. Jack said to me, “You look wor

19、ried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat dayExercise2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D.

20、they walkingnow 3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I

21、 shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day 5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd