备战2014高考英语复习书面表达复习专题20校园学习话题指导

1、专题20 校园学习话题指导实例指导1毕业晚会本文写作的中心是围绕“如何举办即将到来的毕业晚会”这个主题来展开，属于记叙文范畴，所以应该使用一般将来时态来表述观点，人称上应以第一人称为主。2. 提炼要点：本篇习作的要点有两个：第一，对参加者的描述；第二，对整个晚会的设计。通过对作文要点的分析，更有利于我们设计文章的整体结构。3. 理清层次：为了保证层次间在意义上的连贯以及自然的过渡，适量衔接词的使用在本文的写作中是必不可少的。比如在描述如何举办晚会时，可以运用一下表示顺序的过渡词语，如：At first, then, at last等；举例说明时可用：such as, besides, as w

2、ell as等。4写作思路1） 遣词：词汇的选择与运用是书面表达考查的重要内容，单纯地使用常见的普通词汇无法使写作水平提高。我们应该在避免生僻词汇的基础上合理、恰当地学习使用高级词汇与短语，特别是写作内容中所涉及的修饰语成分，比如形容词、数词和副词。如：Make the party goodmake the party unforgettableThe good friendshipthe lifelong friendshipFor startingfor the opening Be overcome to an endBe necessarycant be left outTry to

3、dospare no effort to do文章中可能用到的其他词汇和短语有：concerned, support, headteacher, prepared, performance, crosstalk, include, delicious, highlight, play a leading role, as well as, such as, besides, last but not least, leave out, because of, after all, take photos, take part in.2） 构句：在表达不同的要点时，应注意句式多变，活用

4、语法，避免单一化。比如，擅用各类复合句、非谓语动词、倒装句、介词结构等来恰当衔接各个简单句，才能体现较高的英语构句水平。比如：1）As far as I am concerned, we students should play a leading role to make the party unforgettable. 使用了特殊句式As far as I am concerned。2）Because of the lifelong friendship, teachers will be invited as well as our parents who support us so s

5、trongly. 在这个句子中使用了地道英文短语和who引导的定语从句。3）As you can see, the farewell party means so much that we will spare no effort to do well. 这个句子中运用了so that 引导的结果状语从句。4）As you know, how to plan the party is the most important question. 疑问词加不定式作主语。3）谋篇：写作的篇章要求是文通理顺、前后衔接自然而不突兀，因此我们在组合所有的要点时，不能单纯地将句子堆砌在一起，而应该挑选适合本文

6、的衔接词，以达到意义连贯的目的。另外当文章基本完成时要再次通读全文，检查文章中有没有拼写和语法错误，内容要点是否齐全等。实例指导2校园帮派类【写作任务】 为预防和控制青少年违法犯罪，我国于1999年颁布了、中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法，对此问题予以了相当程度的重视。但是由于各种原因，青少年违法犯罪现象仍然大量存在，而且往往与校园帮派有着千丝万缕的联系；那么我们该如何看待校园帮派现象呢?针对此问题，请你用英语写一篇词数为120-150的英语短文投给学英语报社发表自己的看法： 参考词汇： 帮派：gang 恐吓、威逼：bully 【写作指导】本写作任务是一篇议论体裁的文章。写作时要注意论点、论据

7、和论证方法。题月要求写一篇文章向报社反映目前中学校园中存在的“帮派”现象，这个话题对大多数学生来说并不陌生。班级中校园中目前存在的“帮派”现象比较严重，少则几人，多则几十人、几百人。“帮派”的存在严重威胁到校园秩序。学生加入帮派，一部分是出于自愿，既有讲江湖义气，加入帮会以壮大“小圈子”势力的，也有经常受欺负、希望加入帮会后有帮派中的“大佬”(或者“大哥”)为其 How to View Gangs in Schools? It must be pointed out that gangs made up of several boys or girls, the number of which

8、 sometimes even reaches up to several hundred, can be widely seen among middle school students. Not only does a gang have bad effects on students, but also it affects the normal teaching order at school. Most of the gang members are students who are, aggressive and prefer to smoke, drink and play co

9、mputer games rather than study. Some are willing to join in the gang in order to strengthen the power of their own circles; others just want to get protection from "The Elder Brother"of the gang and still some are forced to do so. Experts suggest that these students be guided correctly in

10、order to avoid them doing harm to society. I think that teenagers should put their time and energy mainly into study. Avoiding joining m any gang means avoiding committing crimes later on 【教师点评】这是一篇以议论为主的书面表达，全文共分三段。第一段作为引子提出“校园帮派”存在的现象， 用非常肯定的句型：It mustbe pointed out that gangs can be widely seen a

11、mong middle school students，；第二段分析“帮派”成员特点和他们加入“帮派”的不同原因，并用一句话. Experts suggest that these students be guided correctly in order to avoid them doing harm to society.得处“帮派”现象的存在是危险的这一结论；第三段对“帮派”是否应该存在这一现象发表自己的看法。整篇文章符合高分书面表达的特性： 1、段落完整，层次分明2、语法正确，用词恰当3、表达个人观点。具有一定的思想性句型的使用符合以下几个原则：1、倒装句原则 2、定语从句原则3、并

12、列复合句原则 4、虚拟语气句原则5；高级词语原则(动名词作主语和宾语)【佳句欣赏】1） Not only does a gang have bad effects on students, but also it affects the normal teaching order at school. （倒装句）2) Most of the gang members are students who are, aggressive and prefer to smoke, drink and play computer games rather than study. (定语从句)3）Expe

13、rts suggest that these students be guided correctly in order to avoid them doing harm to society. （suggest 引导的虚拟语气的宾语从句）4） Some are willing to join in the gang in order to strengthen the power of their own circles; others just want to get protection from "The Elder Brother"of the gang and

14、still some are forced to do so. （并列复合句）5） Avoiding joining m any gang means avoiding committing crimes later on （动名词短语作主语和宾语）实例指导3早恋现象【写作任务】 如今中学生早恋现象在校园黑出现的越来越多。有的人认为应该制止；有的人认为没有必要干涉，只要不影响正常学习即可。作为中学生，你如何正确看待这个问题?请你写一篇120-150词的英语短文来陈述你的观点或看法。参考词汇：早恋puppy love 写作指导 把更多的经理放在学习上，这样写起来就会有条不紊、条理清楚、详略得当，

15、使所写的文章中心突出。3 在写作时要住意使用衔接成分使上下文过渡自然，【学生习作】 【教师点评】 1. 本篇习作基本完成了写作任务，并且文章结构合理。第一段直接点题，提出中半生早 恋现象越来越多，第二段分三部分叙述了早恋带来的问题。第三部分阐述自己的观点：中学生应该把更多的精力放在学习上。 2. 从本篇习作看。作者的语言表达能力功底深厚，例如：文章使用了一些高级词汇，增加 了文章的亮点，使文章增色不少例如：介词concerning，动词短语引distractfrom, concentrate on以及make+宾语十宾语补足语结构：，最后一段使用了It is urgent 句型以及倒 装，增强

16、了文章的表现力。3从文章结构上来讲，三部分安排合理，有效地使用了过渡性词语使文章结构紧凑，语言连贯、文章的不足之处在于有明显的语法错误。 实例指导4中学生是否可以穿时尚的服装写作任务:假如你是某中学的学生,最近在你们班的英语班会上就"中学生是否可以穿时尚的服装？"的问题展开了讨论。请你根据下表的讨论结果,给你校校报"英文写作"栏目投稿,客观地介绍讨论的情况。(词数:不少于120)意见60的同学认为不可以穿时髦的衣服40的同学认为应该穿时髦的衣服原因   1. 价格昂贵，而学生没有经济收入；(1). 好看，时尚；(2). 追求

17、时尚会牵扯精力，影响学习；2. 作为当代的年轻人不应该太保守，应适应时代的发展；3. 学生应该穿着朴素，时髦的服饰不符合中学生身份。4. “爱美之心人皆有之”，追求美是中学生的权力。写作分析:1. 根据写作任务得知,本文要求大家写一篇论说文,介绍关于时尚服饰穿着的讨论结果。全篇文章应该以一般现在时为主,人称宜使用第一人称。2. 可将文章分为三部分,第一部分介绍论题,第二部分介绍关于时尚服饰穿着的正反两方面意见,第三部分总结讨论结果。3. 正反观点可以用以下短语:on the one hand, on the other hand, on the contrary等等。表述每个观点的逻辑关系时,

18、可运用以下连词。表并列关系:and, or, not only .but also；表转折关系:but, yet; 表因果关系:because, as, since。 初稿: One day we had a discussion about whether students should wear fashionable clothes. 60% of the students are against the idea. They said, "Fashionable clothes are too expensive and we havent made money y

19、et. We teenagers should put our hearts into study. Going after the fashion will waste our time and it will have a bad effect on our study. We should be dressed in a simple way, and fashionable clothes dont fit in with the environment at school."     40% of the students said,

20、 "We can wear fashionable clothes, because they are good-looking and popular. As a young student in China, one should follow the fashion of the modern life." They also think that they have right to enjoy their beauty.教师点评:    本篇作文条理清晰,明确表达了两种观点及其原因。但也有不足之处:1. 作者只是将写作任务中

21、的表格提示做了字面上翻译,语言略显生硬。2. 在文章结尾处没有写出全班一致的意见。 教师点评:1. 作者将要点整合,准确地表达了复杂的逻辑关系,条理清晰,使文章浑然一体。2. 在文章中使用了一些恰到好处的复杂句式,句型富于变化,主动被动交替使用,例如:60% of the students, who are against wearing fashionable clothes, said . / We are expected to dress simply . 表现出作者很好的语言功底。 Powerful Sentences:(关于议论文的句式和结构)1. Nowada

22、ys, some may hold the opinion that . But others have a different attitude. As far as I am concerned . My arguments are as follows .2. Faced with this problem, quite a few people argue that . but others think differently. 3. Now growing numbers of people are coming to realize that . 实例指导5-Ought

23、to read too many fantasy stories for teenagers?【写作任务】随着科技和社会的发展，人们的想象力越来越丰富，随之而来的便是越来越多的科幻小说问世。科幻小说以其紧张、新奇、刺激的情节极大地吸引着人们的眼球，尤其是青少年和在校的中小学生，有的同学看科幻小说着了迷，甚至耽误了学习，荒废了学业。不过，有的同学也不以为然。请以Ought to read too many fantasy stories for teenagers?为题，写一篇120词左右的文章发表你的看法。注意行文连贯流畅，内容充实完整参考词汇：1. vulgar 粗俗；2. creativi

24、ty 创造力【写作指导】 从内容和要求来看，本文是要求写一篇议论性的叙述文。此类文体要求同学们在仔细审题后按照题目的提示和要求，全面准确地表达出必要的信息。这篇文章可分为四部分来写：一是给出文章的中心即人们争论的焦点。二是叙述反对多看科幻小说这部分人的观点和理由。三是叙述赞同学生多看科幻小说这部分的观点和理由。四是叙述自己的观点和看法。文章主要是叙述当前人们对学生多看还是还是少看科幻小说的两种看法，因而应主要使用一般现在时，可以辅以一般将来时。也可使用should, can, ought to等情态动词。此文所涉及的词汇和句型有：1. nowadays2. as a result3. put

25、out4. considering5. aim6. in ones opinion7. too many8. absorb9. as a consequence 10. lead to11. mental health12. scores of13. base on14. broaden15. in terms of16. as for17. as well18. personally19. focus on【组词成句】根据构思和文章大意使用上述词汇和正确的句型将各要点表达出来，注意谓语动词的适当变化形式，以增加语言的表达力；还可以使用不同的句型结构特别是高级句型，如简单句、并列句、复合句（宾

26、语从句、非限制性定于从句）等；另外，也可以使用一些比较复杂的语法现象，如介词短语（做后置定语、方式状语）、不定式（做宾语）、动名词（做主语、宾语）等，使文章更加出彩。1. People develop their imagination quickly.2. More and more fantasy stories have been put out.3. Teenagers cant read too many fantasy stories as they like.4. Reading fantasy stories takes many students a great deal o

27、f time and energy.5. Some teenagers are too ridiculous that they are completely absorbed in fantasy stories. 6. Scores of students think it right for teenagers to read fantasy stories.7. They think that such stories are based on science fiction.8. Reading them increases our knowledge and broadens ou

28、r mind 9. It also gives us some new ways to look at old situations and makes us look at the world in terms of centuries, not just six months or five years.10. Important as study is, it is not the only thing we can do.Ought to read too many fantasy stories for teenagers?Nowadays, with the development

29、 of the technology and society, people develop their imagination quickly. As a result, more and more fantasy stories have been put out. Is it right for the middle school students to read as many fantasy stories as possible?Considering the main aim for a student, some students dont think so. In their

30、 opinion, teenagers cant read too many fantasy stories as they like. It's reported that reading fantasy stories takes many students a great deal of time and energy. Whats more, some teenagers are too ridiculous that they are completely absorbed in fantasy stories, as a consequence they ignore th

31、eir studies. Even worse, some fantasy stories are too vulgar, which can be harmful for the teenagers mental health. However, scores of students think it right for teenagers to read more fantasy stories. They think that such stories are based on the science fiction, which can lead the direction of sc

32、ience. Reading them still increases their knowledge and broadens their mind. It also gives them some new ways to look at old situations and makes them look at the world in terms of centuries, not just six months or five years.Personally, although it is a good way for teenagers to develop our imagina

33、tion and creativity, as middle school students, we must first focus on studies and put more effort into our schoolwork.【佳句背诵】1. As middle school students, learning more knowledge is our first aim.2. To read many fantasy stories will surely have much influence on their studies.3. Its said that the so

34、me young girls are absorbed in fantasy stories, thus they ignore their studies.4. As middle school students, they should concentrate on their studies at present.5. Reading fantasy stories can enrich our knowledge and broaden our mind.6. Although it is a good way for teenagers to develop their imagin

35、ation and creativity, as middle school students, they must first focus on studies and put more effort into their schoolwork.实例指导6选择高考志愿 真题展示下表是你根据平时了解所得到的中国高三学生选择高考志愿的信息。请你根据该表用英语写一篇150词左右的简要介绍，向编辑部反映该情况。 解题步骤第一步 仔细审题，确立主题，明确要求审题是写好书面表达题的基础。通过仔细审题，旨在完成五项任务：一定写作体裁，二定写作人称，三定写作时态，四定写作主题，五明写作要求。根据表外文字提示

36、可以确定：写作主要人称为第三人称“students”，字数150左右，不需要写标题，为短文格式。在时态的确定方面，特定时间用过去时态，经常出现的情况或自己的评述用一般现在时态，此题讲述的是一般情况，故以一般现在时态为主。第二步 围绕主题，提炼要点，编拟提纲1全文主题句：中国高三学生对选择高考志愿持不同观点。2. 段落主题句：约35%的同学认为选择志愿应以个人兴趣为主。下述展开句为：兴趣是成功之母；被迫学自己不感兴趣的专业是痛苦的。（展开句与主题句是因果关系）3. 段落主题句：约45%的同学认为选择高考志愿.应以社会需要为主。下述展开句为：选择好的志愿将来容易找到工作；兴趣可以培养和改变。（展开

37、句与主题句是因果关系）4. 段落主题句：约20%的同学认为如何选择高考志愿是一难题。下述展开句为：选择高考志愿时应听从父母或老师的意见。第三步 分析要点及提纲，提炼关键单词和短语。第四步 恰当使用句型，连词成句。在连词成句时要尽量做到： 套用常用句型和句式多变。一篇文章在表达准确的前提下，应做到单句、并列句、复合句恰当安排，长短句有机结合，非谓语动词及介词短语恰当使用，增加文章的生动性，为文章增加亮点。同时，一定要避免些常规句法错误的出现，如：无主语或无谓语动词，时态、语态错误，滥用逗号等。将上述提炼出来的关键单词和短语连词成句为：Chinese high school graduates h

38、ave different opinions on how to choose their courses and universities。About 35% of the students believe the choice should be based on their own interest. Interest is the mother of success. It is a miserable thing to have to spend most of your time studying what you have no interest in. Around 45% i

39、nsist that main consideration should be given to the needs of the society; A good major can make it easy to find jobs after graduation. Interest can be cultivated and changed. About 20% find it too difficult to make a choice；They would rather depend on their parents or teachers to make a decision.第五

40、步 恰当使用连接词，组句成篇。高考英语书面表达评分标准中其中一项指标是“有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑，行文连贯，条理清楚。”根据这一要求，最后还要有效地使用语句间的连接成分，对译出的要点根据拟定的提纲进行合理组合，从而使文章过渡自然，浑然一体。范文赏析Chinese high school graduates have different opinions on how to choose their courses and universities.A survey has been done to study it. We can see from the table th

41、at about 35 percent of the students believe that the choice should be based on their own interest. They say that interest is the mother of success. Besides, it is a miserable thing to have 【范文点评】 该篇文章从总体上来讲，能够把握议论文的特点。语言流畅，能够正确地利用一些较为高级的词语，精彩短语（下划线）、句型（斜体）和过渡词句（加粗）。人称使用正确，为第三人称。能够把握主体时态：用一般现在时。能够按题目

42、的要求，涵盖所要求的内容，并适当增添了一些相关内容，如“A survey has been done to study it”，从而较好地完成了写作任务，达到了预定的写作目的。【句型拓展】类似的常用句型有：1. My class had a heated discussion on whether.2. The topic of .is becoming more and more popular recently. 3. The students hold different opinions on this problem.4. There are two sides of opinion

43、s about it. Some people think that . Besides they also think . 5. Some students think it's a good/bad idea to .6. They hold their view for the following reasons. Firstly . Besides, . 7. On the country, some others are against the idea. In their opinion, .8. Some others have just the opposite opi

44、nion. They think that . Meanwhile, . Moreover they also think .9. Personally, I agree with the first (second) view/But I cant agree with them. I think.10. Actually I have more reasons for it. I think., and whats more, . 11. In a word/To sum up, I think that.12. We must take some measures to .13. On

45、the whole , it is high time that every one .14. As a result , we should take some effective steps to . 实战演练 教师节将近,某英文报纸进行了一次"好老师需要具备什么样的素质"的调查活动,请根据下列调查记录内容,以"What Makes a Good Teacher ?"为题目,写一篇120词左右的英语短文,适当发表自己的观点。 学生比例观点47%对学生有吸引力，并且能理解学生31%具有表演才能，上课生动有趣，并且有耐心22%乐于学习

46、，不断提高自己的业务能力What Makes a Good Teacher?要求：1、词数100左右；2、短文的题目已为你写好。参考词汇：来源 source 奖学金 scholarship Income Sources of College Students【思路点拨】通过仔细阅读可以采取对比法和归纳法进行写作，其写作要点如下。时态：一般现在时；要点：中美学生主要经济来源大致相同：父母、兼职工作和奖学金，但是也有不同：美国学生只从父母那里得到50的收入，而中国学生则高达90，相对美国学生，中国学生独立性较差。将各项要点用英语表达出来：The income of the American and

47、 the Chinese students comes through almost the same channels: parents, part-time jobs and scholarship. But the percentage of each is quite different. Half the American students income is from their parents, thirty-five percent from part-time jobs, and fifteen percent from scholarship. Chinese studen

48、ts, on the other hand, get ninety percent of their income from their parents.In my opinion, there are two main reasons for this. One is that Chinese parents care so much for their children that it is almost unthinkable for students to live on their own. The other is that Chinese students have fewer

49、chances to find part-time jobs.以读书的方法为题用英语写一篇短文。（120字左右）主要内容是：读书的成功与否与读书方法的正确与否关系甚大。向读者提几点建议：(1) 所读书籍难度要适中，偏难、偏易均不宜。如果发现一本书太难读，不妨先放在一边一段时间，换一本容易些的读。 (2) 读书固然要读自己感兴趣的书，但更要读对自己有益的书。 (3) 有的书匆匆浏览便可，有的则需细读、精读。要随时记笔记。 (5) Make good use of dictionaries, for dictionaries are your best teachers.中央号召创建节约型社会，可

50、是许多校园内部浪费现象严重。请你在班会课上发表演讲，号召同学们从我做起，杜绝浪费。提示：浪费现象：水、电；餐厅的食物；其他。危害：自身性格；父母财政负担；自然资源。制止浪费现象的措施：由自己设想注意：1词数130左右；演讲的开头和结尾已写好，不记人总词数。 2不要逐字逐条翻译，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文。Dear friends,May I have your attention, please? Now Id like to make a speech here.With the improvement of living standard, there are a lot of waste

51、on campus. For example the students Therefore, Im sure, with everyone doing his bit, we will change the present situation the better.Thats all. Thank you!Dear friends,May I have your attention, please? Now Id like to make a speech here.With the improvement of living standard, there are a lot of wast

52、e on campus. For example the students leave the lights on in the daytime, water running after washing and remains of a lot of food on the table. Some of the students even ask their parents for pocket money. So it is high time that we had to deal with the problem. The reasons are as follows: In the f

53、irst place, the bad habit of being wasteful will have a bad influence on their own character. Secondly, it add financial burden to their parents. Last but not least, it also exhausted the worlds limited natural resources, water and electricity. But how to reduce the waste? In my opinion, it is every

54、bodys business to fight against waste. On one hand, I should start with myself to save everything. On the other hand, Id like to remind my friends here to take the lead in reducing the waste. Therefore, Im sure, with everyone doing his bit, we will change the present situation the better.Thats all.

55、Thank you! 2词数：100左右Senior middle school graduates of our school have different opinions on how to choose their course and universities. Senior middle school graduates of our school have different opinions on how to choose their courses and universities. About 35%of the students believe the choice s

56、hould be based on their own interests. They say interest is the mother of success. It is a miserable thing to have to spend most of your time studying what you have no interest in. Most student（around 45%）,however, insist that main consideration should be given to the needs of the society, for, they argue, not everyone can find the job they like best. Besides, interest can be born and lost.Interestingly, there are about 20% of the students who find it difficult to make a choice and would rather depend on their parents or teachers to make a decision for them.假