2016专四真题及完整答案

1、TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2016)-GRADEFOURTIMELIMIT:130MINPARTIDICTATION10MINListentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,or

2、phrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.YouwillthenbegivenONEminutetocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.PleasewritethewholepassageonAnswerSheetOnePARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION20MINSECTIONATALKInthissectionyouwillhearatalkYouw

3、illhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatthetaskonANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesurewhatyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.Nowlistentothetalk.Whenitisover,youwi

4、llbegivenTWOminutestocheckyourworkWhatIsGrit?MyquestionsWhyisn'tI.Q.theonlydifferencebetweenstudents?Whatisthekeyto(1).MyResearchinvestigationofallkindsof(2),including:WestPointMilitaryAcademy.(3).privatecompanies.Myfinding:gritaspredictorofsuccessGritis(4)forverylong-termgoals.Gritisworkinghard

5、foryearstomake(5).Gritislivingyourlifelikea(6).Mysurveyhighschooljuniorstookgritquestionnaires.(7)kidsweremorelikelytograduate.Grit-buildinglittleisknownabouthowtobuildgritinstudents.datashowgritisunrelatedto(8).growthmindsetisthebeliefthattheabilitytolearnis(9)kidswithgritbelievefailureis(10).Concl

6、usionWeneedtobegrittyaboutgettingourkidsgrittier.SECTIONBCONVERSATIONSInthissectionyouwillheartwoconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,fivequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,yousho

7、uldreadthefourchoicesofA,B,CandD,andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthequestions.Now,listentotheconversations.ConversationOneQuestions1to5arebasedonConversationOne.1. A.Totellthemanthathehasbeenshortlistedforinterview.B. Toaskthemanafewquestionsabouthisin

8、terview.C. Totellthemantheprocedureoftheinterview.D. Toexplaintothemanhowtomakeapresentation.2. A.Questionsrelatedtothejob.B. Generalquestionsabouthimself.C. SpecificquestionsabouthisCV.D. Questionsabouthisfutureplan.3. A.Questionsfromtheinterviewers.B. Questionsfromtheinterviewee.C. Presentationfro

9、mtheinterviewee.D. Requestsfromtheinterviewee.4. A.Educationalandprofessionalbackground.B. Problemshehasfacedandsolved.C. Majorsuccessesinhiscareersofar.D. Companyfutureandhiscontribution.5. A.11a.m.,nextTuesday.B. 11a.m.,nextThursday.C. 9a.m.,thisTuesday.D. 9a.m.,thisThursday.6. ConversationTwoQues

10、tions6to10arebasedonConversationTwoA.Howcollegestudentspayfortheireducation.B. Howtohandletheproblemofcollegeloans.C. Thedisadvantagesofcollegeloans.D. Governmentfinancingincollegeeducation.7. A.Ithasincreasedby6to8%.B. Ithasincreasedby8to10%.C. Ithasdecreasedby6to8%.D. Ithasdecreasedby8to10%.8. A.S

11、tudent'sfamilyincome.B. Firstyearsalaryaftergraduation.C. Afixedamountof30,000dollars.D. Paymentinthenexttenyears.9. A.Studentscanborrowmoneyfirst.B. Studentspaynotaxonsavings.C. Studentspaylesstaxaftergraduation.D. Studentswithdrawwithoutpayingtax.10. A.Givingupcharitableorvolunteerwork.B. Negl

12、ectingtheirstudyatcollege.C. Givingupfurthereducation.D. Neglectinghighsalaryinjob-seeking.PARTIIILANGUAGEUSAGE10MINTherearetwentysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.Howc

13、anIconcentrateifyoucontinuallymewithsillyquestions?A. erruptedB. erruptedC. erruptingAmongthefoursentencesbelow,Sentenceexpressesthehighestdegreeofpossibility.A. Itmaytakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.B. Itmighttakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.C.

14、 Itcouldtakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.D. Itshouldtakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.11. Sheisabetterspeakerthanintheclass.A. allthegirlsB. theotherboysC. otheranygirl12. anyboyNobodyheardhimsing,.A. didtheyB. didheC. didn'tthey13. didoneIcan'tputupwith.A. thatfriendofyouB. t

15、hatfriendofyoursC. thefriendofyouthefriendofyoursTherehasbeenanincreasingnumberofinprimaryschoolsinthepastfewyears.A. manteacherB. menteacherC. manteachers14. menteachersThisisoneoftheissuesthatdeserve.A. mentioningB. beingmentionedC. tomentionformentionTheaudienceexcitedonseeingfavoritestarglideont

16、othestage.A. were.itsB. were.theirC. was.their15. was.one'syouradvice,Iwouldhavemadethewrongdecision.A. Hadn'titbeenforB. HaditnotbeenforC. Haditbeenfor16. HadnotitbeenforThesentenceIwishIhadbeenmorecarefulinspendingmoneyexpressesthespeaker's.A. hopeB. joyC. regretreliefTheAttorneyGenera

17、lorderedafederalautopsyofBrown'sbody,seekingtothefamilyandcommunitytherewouldbeathoroughinvestigationintohisdeath.A. ensureB. assureC. insure17. ascertainThepolicedepartmentcameunderstrongcriticismforboththedeathofanunarmedmananditshandlingofthe.A. consequenceB. outcomeC. result18. aftermathTheF

18、oreignSecretarytriedtodoubtsabouthishandlingofthecrisis.A. dispelB. expelC. repel19. quellMutualfundsarethusbestforinvestorswhodon'twanttotakethetimetostudystocksindetailorwhotheresourcestobuildaportfolio.A. depriveB. lackC. yearnattainChrisranJohnatasporting-goodstradeshowandthetwoquicklystruck

19、aneasyrapport.A. into.upB. oC. across.on20. o"Iamleavingthecountrysoon,"hetoldaconvenedgroupofreporters.A. especiallyB. particularlyC. speciallyspecificallyIsraelandHamashadreachedadealonextendingtheceasefirebyanextra24hoursuntilTuesdayatmidnight.A. contemporaryB. makeshif

20、tC. spontaneoustemporarytounpluggingthealarmclockandtrustingyourabilitytowakeontimeonyourown,youshouldprobablyeaseyourselfintothenewarrangementbykeepingaveryregularscheduleforseveralweeks.A. DueB. PriorC. RelatedThanksIfyouareanathlete,strongabdominalmuscleshelpyouensureastrongbackandfreedomfrominju

21、ryduringupper-bodymovement.A. valiantB. variableC. vigorousvigilantFinningisacruelinwhichtheshark'sfinsareloppedoff,andthelivesharkisthrownbacktosea.A. realityB. truthC. skillpracticePARTIVCLOZE10MINDecidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingbla

22、nk.ThewordscanbeusedONCEONLY.MarktheletterforeachwordonANSWERSHEETTWO.A.ampleB.combinationsC.directlyD.disseminatedE.generationsF.genuinelyG.insteadH.listsI.promulgatedJ.publicizedK.scantL.shapedO.virtualeaworldwithoutwriting.Obviouslytherewouldbenobooks:nonovels,noencyclopedias,nocookbooks,notextbo

23、oks,notelephonebooks,noscriptures,nodiaries,notravelguides.Therewouldbenoball-points,notypewriters,nocomputers,noInternet,nomagazines,nomoviecredits,noshoppinglists,nonewspapers,notaxreturns.Butsuch(31)ofobjectsalmostmissthepoint.Theworldweliveinhasbeenindeliblymarkedbythewrittenword,(32)bythetechno

24、logyofwritingoverthousandsofyears.Ancientkingsproclaimedtheirauthorityand(33)theirlawsinwriting.Scribesadministeredgreatempiresbywriting,theirknowledgeofrecordingandretrievinginformationessentialtogoverningcomplexsocieties.Religioustraditionswerepassedonthrough(34),andspreadtoothers,inwriting.Scient

25、ificandtechnologicalprogresswasachievedand(35)throughwriting.(36)resemblancetotheonewenowlivein.Writingisa(37)necessitytothesocietiesanthropologistscallcivilizations.Acivilizationisdistinguishedfromothersocietiesbythecomplexityofitssocialorganization,byitsconstructionofcitiesandlargepublicbuildings,

26、andbytheeconomicspecializationofitsmembers,manyofwhomarenot(38)involvedinfoodprocurementorproduction.Acivilization,withitstaxationandtributesystems,itstrade,anditspublicworks,requiresa(39)systemofrecordkeeping.AndsotheearlycivilizationsofEgypt,China,and(probably)Indiaalldevelopedasystemofwriting.Onl

27、ythePeruviancivilizationoftheIncasandtheirpredecessorsdidnotusewritingbut(40)inventedasystemofkeepingrecordsonknottedcolor-codedstringsknownasquipu.PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION35MINSECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONSInthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbytenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreachmultiplechoic

28、equestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.PASSAGEONE(1) WhenIwastwenty-sevenyearsold,Iwasamining-broker'sclerkinSanFrancisco,andanexpertinallthedetailsofstocktraffic.Iwasaloneintheworld,andhadnothingtodependupo

29、nbutmywitsandacleanreputation;buttheseweresettingmyfeetintheroadtoeventualfortune,andIwascontentwiththeprospect.Mytimewasmyownaftertheafternoonboard,Saturdays,andIwasaccustomedtoputtingitinonalittlesail-boatonthebay.OnedayIventuredtoofar,andwascarriedouttosea.Justatnightfall,whenhopewasaboutgone,Iwa

30、spickedupbyasmallshipwhichwasboundforLondon.Itwasalongandstormyvoyage,andtheymademeworkmypassagewithoutpay,asacommonsailor.WhenIsteppedashoreinLondonmyclotheswereraggedandshabby,andIhadonlyadollarinmypocket.Thismoneyfedandshelteredmetwenty-fourhours.Duringthenexttwenty-fourIwentwithoutfoodandshelter

31、.(2) Aboutteno'clockonthefollowingmorning,dirtyandhungry,IwasdraggingmyselfalongPortlandPlace,whenachildthatwaspassing,towedbyanurse-maid,tossedabigpear-minusonebite-intothegutter.Istopped,ofcourse,andfastenedmydesiringeyeonthatmuddytreasure.Mymouthwateredforit,mystomachcravedit,mywholebeing,beg

32、gedforit.ButeverytimeImadeamovetogetitsomepassingeyedetectedmypurpose,andofcourseIstraightenedupthen,andlookedindifferentandpretendedthatIhadn'tbeenthinkingaboutthepearatall.Thissamethingkepthappeningandhappening,andIcouldn'tgetthepear.(3) Iwasjustgettingdesperateenoughtobravealltheshame,and

33、toseizeit,whenawindowbehindmewasraised,andagentlemanspokeoutofit,saying:"Stepinhere,please."(4) Iwasadmittedbyamanservant,andshownintoasumptuousroomwhereacoupleofelderlygentlemenweresitting.Theysentawaytheservant,andmademesitdown.Theyhadjustfinishedtheirbreakfast,andthesightoftheremainsofi

34、talmostoverpoweredme.Icouldhardlykeepmywitstogetherinthepresenceofthatfood,butasIwasnotaskedtosampleit,IhadtobearmytroubleasbestasIcould.(5) Now,somethinghadbeenhappeningtherealittlebefore,whichIdidnotknowanythingaboutuntilagoodmanydaysafterwards,butIwilltellyouaboutitnow.Thosetwooldbrothershadbeenh

35、avingaprettyhotargumentacoupleofdaysbefore,andhadendedbyagreeingtodecideitbyabet,whichistheEnglishwayofsettlingeverything.(6) YouwillrememberthattheBankofEnglandonceissuedtwonotesofamillionpoundseach,tobeusedforaspecialpurposeconnectedwithsomepublictransactionwithaforeigncountry.Forsomereasonorother

36、onlyoneofthesehadbeenusedandcanceled;theotherstilllayinthevaultsoftheBank.Well,thebrothers,chattingalong,happenedtogettowonderingwhatmightbethefateofaperfectlyhonestandintelligentstrangerwhoshouldbeturnedadriftinLondonwithoutafriend,andwithnomoneybutthatmillion-poundbank-note,andnowaytoaccountforhis

37、beinginpossessionofit.BrotherAsaidhewouldstarvetodeath;BrotherBsaidhewouldn't.BrotherAsaidhecouldn'tofferitatabankoranywhereelse,becausehewouldbearrestedonthespot.SotheywentondisputingtillBrotherBsaidhewouldbettwentythousandpoundsthatthemanwouldlivethirtydays,anyway,onthatmillion,andkeepouto

38、fjail,too.BrotherAtookhimup.BrotherBwentdowntotheBankandboughtthatnote.Thenhedictatedaletter,whichoneofhisclerkswroteoutinabeautifulroundhand,andthenthetwobrotherssatatthewindowawholedaywatchingfortherightmantogiveitto.(7) Ifinallybecamethepickofthem.41. InPara.1,thephrase"setmyfeet"probab

39、lymeans.A. putmeasideB. startmyjourneyC. prepareme42. letmewalkItcanbeconcludedfromPara.2that.A. themanwantedtomaintaindignitythoughstarvedB. themancouldnotgetaproperchancetoeatthepearC. themandidnotreallywantthepearsinceitwasdirtyitwasverydifficultforthemantogetthepearComparedwithBrotherA,BrotherBw

40、asmoretowardstheeffectoftheone-million-poundbank-noteonatotalstranger.A. neutralB. negativeC. reservedpositivePASSAGETWO(1) Theconceptofpeaceisaveryimportantoneinculturesallovertheworld.Thinkabouthowwegreetpeople.Insomelanguages,thephrasesforgreetingscontainthewordforpeace.Insomecultureswegreetpeopl

41、ebyshakinghandsorwithanothergesturetoshowthatwearenotcarryingweaponsthatwecomeinpeace.Andtherearecertainsymbolswhichpeopleinverydifferentculturesrecognizeasrepresentingpeace.Let'slookatafewofthem.(2) ThedoveThedovehasbeenasymbolofpeaceandinnocenceforthousandsofyearsinmanydifferentcultures.Inanci

42、entGreekmythologyitwasasymbolofloveandtherenewaloflife.InancientJapanadovecarryingaswordsymbolizedtheendofwar.(3) TherewasatraditioninEuropethatifadoveflewaroundahousewheresomeonewasdyingthentheirsoulwouldbeatpeace.Andtherearelegendswhichsaythatthedevilcanturnhimselfintoanybirdexceptforadove.InChris

43、tianart,thedovewasusedtosymbolizetheHolyGhostandwasoftenpaintedaboveChrist'shead.(4) ButitwasPabloPicassowhomadethedoveamodernsymbolofpeacewhenheuseditonaposterfortheWorldPeaceCongressin1949.(5) TherainbowTherainbowisanotherancientanduniversalsymbol,oftenrepresentingtheconnectionbetweenhumanbein

44、gsandtheirgods.InGreekmythologyitwasassociatedwithIris,thegoddesswhobroughtmessagesfromthegodsonMountOlympus.InScandinavianmythologytherainbowwasabridgebetweenthegodsandtheearth.IntheBiblearainbowshowedNoahthattheBiblicalfloodwasfinallyover,andthatGodhadforgivenhispeople.IntheChinesetradition,therai

45、nbowisacommonsymbolformarriagebecausethecoloursrepresenttheunionofyinandyang.Nowadaystherainbowisusedbymanypopularmovementsforpeaceandtheenvironment,representingthepossibilityofabetterworldinthefutureandpromisingsunshineaftertherain.(6) MistletoeThisplantwassacredinmanycultures,generallyrepresenting

46、peaceandlove.MostpeopleknowofthetraditionofkissingunderthemistletoeatChristmastime,whichprobablycomesfromScandinavianmythology.ThegoddessFreya'ssonwaskilledbyanarrowmadeofmistletoe,so,inhonourofhim,shedeclaredthatitwouldalwaysbeasymbolofpeace.Itwasoftenhungindoorwaysasasignoffriendship.(7) -itis

47、bannedbecauseofitsassociationswithpaganreligionandsuperstition.(8) TheolivebranchTheolivetreehasalwaysbeenavaluablesourceoffoodandoil.InGreekmythology,thegoddessAthenagavetheolivetreetothepeopleofAthens,whoshowedtheirgratitudebynamingthecityafterher.Butnooneknowsforsurewhenorwhyitbegantosymbolizepea

48、ce.ThereisprobablyaconnectionwithancientGreece.WarsbetweenstatesweresuspendedduringtheOlympicGames,andthewinnersweregivencrownsofolivebranches.Thesymbolismmaycomefromthefactthattheolivetreetakesalongtimetoproducefruit,soolivescouldonlybecultivatedsuccessfullyinlongperiodsofpeace.Whateverthehistory,t

49、heolivebranchisapartofmanymodernflagssymbolizingpeaceandunity.Onewell-knownexampleistheUnitedNationssymbol.(9) TheankhTheankhisanancientsymbolwhichwasadoptedbythehippiemovementinthe1960storepresentpeaceandlove.ItwasfoundinmanyAsiancultures,butisgenerallyassociatedwithancientEgypt.Itrepresentedlifean

50、dimmortality.Egyptianswereburiedwithanankh,sothattheycouldcontinuetoliveinthe"afterworld".ThesymbolwasalsofoundalongthesidesoftheNile,whichgavelifetothepeople.Theybelievedthattheankhcouldcontroltheflowoftheriverandmakesurethattherewasalwaysenoughwater.43. Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitlef

51、orthepassage?A. ConceptofPeace.B. OriginofPeaceSymbols.C. PopularPeaceSymbols.D. CulturalDifferenceofPeace.44. TherainbowrepresentstheconnectionbetweenhumanbeingsandtheirgodsinallthefollowingcountriesEXCEPT.A. SwedenB. GreeceC. Finland45. ChinaInNorthEuropemistletoewasoftenhungindoorwaystoindicate.A

52、. friendshipB. loveC. kinship46. honourTheoriginoftheankhcandatebackto.A. theNileB. the"afterworld"C. thehippiemovement(1) ancientEgyptPASSAGETHREETwosidesalmostneverchange:Thatyoucanmanipulatepeopleintoself-sufficiencyandthatyoucanpunishthemintogoodcitizenship.(2) Thefirstmanifestsitselfi

53、nourtirelesssearchforthemagicallevelatwhichwelfaregrantsarebigenoughtomeetbasicneedsbutsmallenoughtomakelow-paidworkattractive.Thesecondhasuslookingtothecriminaljusticesystemtocurebehaviorthatisasmuchasanythingtheresultofdespair.(3) Thewelfareexampleiswellknown.Wedon'twantpoorpeopletoliveinsqual

54、orortheirchildrentobemalnourished.Butwealsodon'twanttosubsidizetheindolenceofpeoplewhoaretoolazytowork.Thefirstimpulseleadsustoprovidehousing,foodstamps,medicalcareandacashstipendforfamiliesinneed.Thesecondgetsustothinkabout"workforce".(4) We'vebeenthinkingaboutitfortworeasons:the&

55、quot;nanny"problemsoftwohigh-rankinggovernmentofficials(whohiredundocumentedforeignersashouseholdhelpers,presumablybecausetheycouldn'tfindAmericanstodothework)andPresidentClinton'sproposaltoputatwo-yearlimitonwelfare.(5) MaybesomethingusefulwillcomeofClinton'sidea,butI'mnotallth

56、athopeful.Itlookstomelikeonemoreexampleoftryingtomanipulatepeopleintotakingcareofthemselves.(6) Onthecriminaljusticeside,wehopetomakepunishmenttoughenoughtodiscouragecrimebutnotsotoughastoclogourprisonswithrelativelyminoroffenders.Tooshortasentence,wefear,willcreatecontemptforthelaw.Toolongasentence

57、willtakeupcostlyspacebetterusedfortheviolentandunremorseful.(7) Notonlycanweneverfindthe"perfect"punishment,oursearchforoptimumpenaltiesiscomplicatedbyourdesireforfairness:toletthepunishmentfitthecrime.Theproblemisthatalmostanypunishment-eventhedisgraceofbeingchargedwithacrime-issufficient

58、todeterthemiddleclass,whileformembersoftheunderclass,probationmaybetranslatedas"Ibeatit."Sohowcanyouusethesystem-welfareorcriminaljustice-toproducethebehaviorwewant?Theanswer,Isuspectis:Youcan't.(8) Wekeeptryingtousewelfareandprisontochangepeople-tomakethemthinkandbehavethewaywedo-when

59、thetruthistheincentivesworkonlyforthosewhoalreadythinkthewaywedo:whoviewtoday'sactionwithaneyeonthefuture.(9) Wewilltakelowlywork(ifthatisallthat'savailable)becausewebelievewecanmakebadjobsworkforus.Weavoidcrimenotbecausewearebetterpeoplebutbecauseweseegettingcaughtasafuture-wreckingdisaster.Wea