表语宾语从句

1、 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语主语 His job is important.What he does is important.表语表语This is his job.This is what he does every day. 宾语宾语 I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.同位语同位语 I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名

2、词从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses) 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在它在复合句中能担任复合句中能担任_等等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为词从句又可分别称为_。主语、宾语、表语、同位语主语、宾语、表语、同位语主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句 名词性从句名词性从句 noun clause主语从句主语从句subject clause 宾语从句宾语从句object clause 表语从句表语从句predicative clause

3、 同位语从句同位语从句appositive clause在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：宾语从句分为三类：动词的动词的宾语从句宾语从句介词的介词的宾语从句宾语从句形容词的形容词的宾语从句宾语从句 1从句为陈述句，常选择连接词从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将或将that省省 略，直接与主句相连。略，直接与主句相连。 2从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或或 whether。 3从句为特殊疑问句，常选择从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what, when, where, which, who, how等的疑问

4、代、副词作连接词。等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 从句做从句做动词宾语动词宾语 I think (that) he is right. I wonder whether he will come back. Can you work out how much we will spend this month？ Who do you think will go there? What gift do you suppose he will send her on her birthday?do you think/suppose/suggest 后接后接wh-引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 时，把时，

5、把wh-疑问词提前疑问词提前可运用形式宾语可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句代替的宾语从句 动词动词find, feel, consider, make, believe等后面有宾等后面有宾语补足语语补足语 的时候的时候,则需要用则需要用it做形式宾语而将做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置宾语从句后置. I think it necessary that we (should) eat an apple every day. 我认为我们每天吃一个苹果有必要我认为我们每天吃一个苹果有必要I feel it a pity that I have missed that concert. 我错过了那场

6、我错过了那场,感觉非常遗憾感觉非常遗憾. I have made it a rule that I run before breakfast. 我每天早饭前跑步成了习惯我每天早饭前跑步成了习惯. We all find it important that we should find a solution to the problem.我们都认为找出这个问题的解决方法很重要我们都认为找出这个问题的解决方法很重要. 有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it 这类动词主要有这类动词主要有:hate, appreciate , owe, see to, d

7、islike. I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话. I would appreciate it if you paid in cash.如果你用现金支付，我将十分感激如果你用现金支付，我将十分感激. When you look after the baby, you must see to it that he is within your sight. 务必使，保证务必使，保证Tom owed it to his father that he got the jo

8、b. 欠，归功于欠，归功于You can rely on it that he will come on time.介词介词后面常常接后面常常接wh-类宾语从句类宾语从句 We are talking about whether we will build a new school this year. 我们正在讨论是否明年修建一所新学校我们正在讨论是否明年修建一所新学校. The new book is about what we eat in daily life.这本新书是关于我们日常生活吃的东西。这本新书是关于我们日常生活吃的东西。翻译：我们当时住在你们现在称为古希腊的地方。翻译：我们

9、当时住在你们现在称为古希腊的地方。 介词介词except后可接后可接that, 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句I know nothing about Tom except that we studied in the same middle school.We lived in what you call “Ancient Greece”.形容词形容词的宾语从句的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, sorry, surprised afraid, satisfied. I am sure (tha

10、t) I will pass the exam. 我确信我会通过考试我确信我会通过考试. I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你. . 1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2.主句用过去时，从句用过去对应的时态。主句用过去时，从句用过去对应的时态。 3. 从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。 I think he missed the best chance in his life.Tom said he had fi

11、nished the homework.Tom said he would finish the homework the next day. The teacher said light travels faster than sound.要求要求demand ;desire; request； require; 建议建议 suggest ;advise; propose; 命令命令 order; command坚决主张坚决主张 insist; 这一类词接宾语从句， 从句为虚拟语气should+vHe insisted that all the people should attend th

12、e meeting.whether和和if都可以引导宾语从句都可以引导宾语从句 a. 有有or not的时候使用的时候使用whether,不用不用if. I dont know whether or not I will stay.I dont know whether/ if I will stay or not.b. 介词介词后面的宾语从句不能用后面的宾语从句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.c. 有动词不定式的时候。有动词不定式的时候。 I dont know whether to go there.whether和和if的使

13、用区别的使用区别在一个复合句中，在一个复合句中，从句从句作主句的作主句的表语成分表语成分.表语是什么？表语是什么？ 如何判断？如何判断？学习表语从句学习表语从句,要了解从句有什么涵义？要了解从句有什么涵义？ 表语是什么？表语是什么？表语表达身份，状态表语表达身份，状态 ，特点，涵义的语言结构，特点，涵义的语言结构 He is a teacher. 表身份表身份 He is tall. 表特点表特点 I am at home now. 表状态表状态 The problem is when he will come. 表涵义表涵义 如何判断表语？如何判断表语？ 表语接在表语接在系动词系动词后面后面

14、 表语由表语由 形容词，副词，名词，介词短语，形容词，副词，名词，介词短语， 不定式，不定式， 动词动词ing，或者或者从句来充当从句来充当。从句从句有从句必然有主句有从句必然有主句两个句子组两个句子组成一个复合句子需要成一个复合句子需要 表语从句的结构表语从句的结构主语主语+系动词系动词+ 从句（从句（从句句首包含连词从句句首包含连词）The question is when he will come. 主语主语 系动词系动词 表语从句表语从句 连词连词The problem is puzzling. 这个问题令人困惑这个问题令人困惑 The problem is how we can st

15、udy English well. 问题是我们如何能学好英语。问题是我们如何能学好英语。 主语主语 连系动词连系动词 一个句子作表语一个句子作表语-表语从句表语从句He has become a teacher. 他已经成为一名教师。他已经成为一名教师。 He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. 他已经成为了他他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。年前想成为的。 His suggestion is good.他的建议对我们有好处。他的建议对我们有好处。 His suggestion is that we should eat an apple

16、 a day.他的建议是我们应该每天吃一个苹果。他的建议是我们应该每天吃一个苹果。 The question is confusing. 这个问题令人困惑。这个问题令人困惑。The question is when he can arrive.问题是他什么时候能来。问题是他什么时候能来。1.从句为从句为陈述句陈述句,常选择连接词常选择连接词that, that不不 可以省略。可以省略。 2.从句为从句为一般疑问句一般疑问句,选择连接词选择连接词whether. 3.从句为从句为特殊疑问句特殊疑问句,常选择常选择what, when, where, which, who, how等的疑问代、副等

17、的疑问代、副词作连接词。词作连接词。 His suggestion is that I should not eat too much. 陈述句陈述句The problem is whether he will come. 一般疑问句一般疑问句The problem is when he will come. 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句This kind of fruit is what I like most. 名词性从句名词性从句快速确定一个从句的方法就是找到连词快速确定一个从句的方法就是找到连词,连词在系动词后，连词接的句子就是从句连词在系动词后，连词接的句子就是从句.1.表语从句一定要用表语

18、从句一定要用陈述语序陈述语序。Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel. 2.引导表语从句时要用引导表语从句时要用whether,不用不用if Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us. False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us. 3.如果表语从句的主语是如

19、果表语从句的主语是advice, suggestion, order, request, demand之类的词之类的词从句要用虚拟语气从句要用虚拟语气 His advice is that I (should) eat an apple in the morning every day.4.如何判断表语从句如何判断表语从句表语从句含有系动词表语从句含有系动词 并且从句是位于主句后并且从句是位于主句后The scissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的这把剪刀不是我所需要的 That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的

20、那就是我想要对你讲的 That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。那就是她考试不及格的原因。 The reason why I was late is that my bike went wrong.The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (2007上海上海) when B. why C. whether D. that 答案答案 D You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. (2004) Why B. where C. what D. how 答案答案 B I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? (1999) why B. when C. what D. where 答案答案 A _ made t