高中英语语法总结大全之动词

1、动词动词 实义动词（Notional Verb）、张蓓学习系统2015高考学习复习计划 系动词（Link Verb）、 助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、 情态动词（Modal Verb）。实义动词1） 动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是 及物动词（Transitive Verb）、vt./不及物动词（Intransitive Verb） vi.。系动词 后边须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。1）状态系动词 beHe _ married to Mary for ten years.He _married to Mary in 1999. 2）持续系动词 主

2、要有keep, remain, stay, 例如：He always keep _at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。3）表 似乎 好像系动词seem, appear, He looks_+他看起来很累。4）感官系动词感官系动词主要有_ _ _ _ _ This kind of cloth feels very _.5）变化系动词become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.He turned_.成功人士6）终止系动词有prove, trun out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意， The search

3、proved _搜查证实很难。His plan turned out _他的计划终于成功了。助动词辅助谓语动词构成不同的时态，语态及句式，不可单独使用， 1）常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would2） 可以用来：a. 表示时态，例如： He is singing.他在唱歌。 He _ for London.他已去了伦敦。(Leave) I _English for ten years.(study) English _ in China for many years.(teach)b. 表示语态， He was sent to Engl

4、and.他被派往英国。c. 构成疑问句， Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗？d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句， I don't like him.我不喜欢他。e. 加强语气， Do come to the party tomorrow evening. He did know that.他的确知道那件事。情态动词can / could, may / might, will / would, shall / should, ought to, need, dare 一、Can/could1. 表示能力My sister can drive. 我妹妹

5、会开车。Everyone here can speak English. 这儿人人会说英语与Be able to 的区别2表示推测 (1) can用于否定句或疑问句中，多不用于肯定句，could则可用于任何句式 It cant be true. 那不可能是真的。 What can they be doing? 他们会在干什么呢? (2) 对过去的推测， Cant have done_ Could have done _ 1）可能 He could have gone home. 他可能已回家了。 2）本能做而未做You could have helped him. 你本来应该来帮助他的。 (3

6、) 有时会二、may与might的用法1. 表示允许 (1) 表示请求允许)：May Might I sit here? 我可以坐在这里吗?2. 表示推测 表示的可能性更小。（I am not sure）现在may do /be过去：might have done 1_2_He may might tell his wife. 他也许会告诉他妻子。You might have made greater progress. 你的进步本来可更大一3. 用于 may might (just) as well.Im ready，so I might as well go now我已准备好，因此不妨现在

7、就走。This holiday isnt much fun; we might as well be back home4. may 用于表示祝愿May sb do /Wish sb sthMay you be happy! 祝你幸福! May God bless you! 愿上帝保佑你!祝你成功三、must 的用法 1. 表示“必须”、“一定要”与have to 2. 表示推测现在过去进行过去进行四、shall1. shall在疑问句中的用法用于一三人称在疑问句中表示征求对方意见，Shall I come in?/ May I come in?2. shall在陈述句中的用法在二三人称的陈述

8、句表示说话的允诺、告诫、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等， You shall suffer for this. 你会为此事吃苦头的。(表威胁)Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow. (表允诺)3. 在规章制度，法律条令中表必须Persons under 18 shall not be employed in night work 表规定五、should1应该 ought to/Should have done _竟然 Im sorry that this should have happened.六、will与would的用法1. 表示意愿wi

9、ll 表示现在的意愿，would表示过去的意愿： I will pay you at the rate you ask. 我愿意照你要求的价钱付款。Go where you will. 你愿到哪里就到哪里。He wouldnt help me yesterday. 他昨天不愿帮助我。Would like _Would like to have doneWould rather _Would rather have done_3. 表示习惯和倾向性will表示现在的习惯，would表示过去的习惯：Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水上。This window wont

10、open. 这扇窗户经常打不开3,would 过去常常七、need的用法1. 基本用法特点need可用实意动词和情态动词，用作情态动词时，意思是“有必要”或“需要”，其后接动词原形，通常只用于否定句或疑问句neednt have done_You neednt have come in person. 你当时不必亲自来的2 实义动词 Need doing =need to be doneOur classroom needs _/_十二、高考重要考点精练3. Their answers are exactly the same one of them _ from the other. A.

11、must copyB. must have copiedC. could copyD. should have copied4. We _ a worse day for the picnic it rained nonstop. A. couldnt pickB. couldnt have picked C. might pickD. might not have picked6. That car nearly hit me; I _. A. might be killedB. might have been killed C. may be killedD. may been kille

12、d7. You _ him the news; he knew it already. A. neednt tellB. neednt have toldC. mightnt tell mightnt have told8. You _ practise the drums while the baby is sleeping. A. needntB. mightntC. mustntD. wont 9. Are you still here? You _ home hour ago. A.should goB. should have goneC. might goD.may have go

13、ne10. As shes not here, I suppose she _ home. A. must goB. must have goneC. might goD. might be going11. “I thought you wouldnt mind.” “Well, as a matter of fact I dont, but you _ me first.” A. should askB. should have askedC. must askD. must have asked12. “Do you think he is lazy?” “I _ once, but I

14、 dont now.”A. may have thoughtB. can have thoughtC. may thinkD. might think 13. The soldiers tried their best and did what they could _ against the flood.A. fightB. to fightC. fightingD. fought 15. “I called you yesterday. A woman answered, but I didnt recognize her voice.” “Oh, it _ my aunt Jean.”A

15、. must beB. must have been C. might beD. can have been  参考答案：15 BCBBB 610 BBCBB 1115 BABBB 非谓语动词非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。1）不定式时态语态主动被动一般式to doto be done完成式来源To have doneto have been doneTo be doing /To have been doing1. 用法 在句中可做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。一、不定式做主语：1不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作

16、。动名词doing 表示习惯的，经常的动作。To see is to believe.it做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中：(1)It is/was +adj.+of/for sb. to do(3) it is +a +名词+ to do.It is a pity / a pleasure / / an honor / a shame to do二、不定式做表语Be to do/Seem to do /Prove/turn out (to be)三、动词不定式作宾语口诀（接不定式作宾语的动词）想要学习 早打算（ want learn plan）快准备  有希望（

17、prepare hope wish expect）同意否  供选择（agree offer choose）决定了  已答应（decide be determined promise）尽力去   着手做（manage undertake）别拒绝   别假装（refuse pretend）失败不是属于你（fail）e.g.Tom refused to lend me his pen.某些及物动词可用-ing也可用动词不定式作宾语但意义不同的有stop / go on / remember / forget / regret / try /

18、 mean / can't help / be used to四、动词不定式做定语1、 way time ability chance opportunity+ to do 序数词+todo2、I am looking for a new house to live in .五、宾语补足语v.+sb to do sth v+sb do sth六、不定式做状语表示目的、原因、结果、1、表目的 To learn a foreign language well, you must try your best    2、表结果 so

19、as to such () as to adj./adv. + enough to too to only to find , only to be told 出乎意料之外的结果 3、 原因不定式可以用于动词、形容词或-ed分词后表示原因。Adj:为表人的情绪状态的形容词happy sad delighted 七、不定式的省略（6）八、不定式的主动表被动（4）2）动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。时语态主动被动一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done一、动名词的句法功能动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、

20、表语、宾语、定语1、 作主语1） 直接位于句首做主语。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。2）用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收2、作宾语（1）作动词的宾语*某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，有：advise, suggest, allow, permit forbid avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, cannt help, imagine, keep, mind, miss,

21、 practise, resist, delay postpone，admit deny, appreciate escape, cant stand/bear/tolerate, put off, give up等 She suggested going to the Great Wall for the spring outing. （2）作介词的宾语 介词后加名词或动名词 Ann has been looking forward to coming to China for a long time. 3、作表语 主语、表语可互换位置。Your task is cleaning the w

22、indows. (Cleaning the windows is your task.)4、作定语 表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：a washing machine=a machine for washing二、动名词的复合结构Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 他来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。Would you mind my/me using your computer? 用下你的电脑介意吗？分词 相当于形容词和副词，在句中做表，定，宾补，状1一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done2。过去分词

23、done 被动1 The story is interesting . Im interested in it .3. The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president . 4. Given more time , Ill do it well . 5 When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank . 单项选择1.Most of the pe

24、ople _to the party were famous scientists A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 2. _ many times, but he still couldnt understand it . A. Having being told B. Though had been told C. He was told D. Having told 3. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock by the side of the path . A.to have rested B. testing C. to rest D. rest 4. The next morning she found the man _in bed , dead . A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying 6 . The Olympic Games , _ in 776 B.C., did not include women plays until 1912 . A.first playing B.to be first played C. first playe