跟郭老师学初中英语语法：形容词和副词

1、跟郭老师学初中英语语法：形容词和副词在历年的河北中考中，形容词和副词是必考的知识点。从命题内容来看，涉及它们在句中的位置和作用、比较等级及易混形容词和副词的辨析等。从命题形式来看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等，分值通常在57分之间。预计2016年，对形容词和副词的句法功能、比较等级的用法及易混形容词和副词辨析的考查是重中之重。20112015年河北中考试题分析表(形容词和副词)年份题号题型分值201131，34，51，54，83单项选择，完形填空，词语运用5201231，33，42，49，51，52，83单项选择，完形填空，词语运用7201331，42，47，52，82单项选择，完形填

2、空，词语运用5201431，41，47，51，54，83单项选择，完形填空，词语运用6201530，33，41，77，78，83单项选择，完形填空，词语运用，连词成句6形容词是用来修饰名词或不定代词，说明事物和人的性质和特征的一类词，在句子中用作定语、表语、宾语补足语；而副词用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，在句子中作状语、表语、补语和定语。英语中的形容词和副词都有等级的变化。1. 形容词的位置形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况中后置：修饰some，any，every，no和body，thing，one等构成的复合不定代词时someone special，everything possible以

3、-able，-ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后the best book available，the only solution possiblealive，alike，awake，asleep等可以后置the only person awake表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词a bridge of 50 meters long形容词短语一般后置a man difficult to get on withelse修饰疑问词和不定代词时what else，something else1. 有些形容词只能作定语。如：little (小的)，only (唯一的)，woode

4、n (木质的)，elder (年长的)，等及复合形容词man-made (人造的)，kind-hearted (好心的)，English-speaking (说英语的)，take-away (可以带走的)等。2. 有些形容词只能作表语。如：alone (孤独的)，asleep (睡着的)，awake (醒着的)，alive (活着的)，well (健康的)，ill (病的)，frightened (害怕的)等。3. 有些形容词貌似副词。如：friendly (友好的)，lively (生动的)，lonely (孤独的)等。4. 有些形容词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或物。如：We shoul

5、d respect the old and love the young. 我们应该尊老爱幼。Its not polite to laugh at the blind or the deaf. 取笑盲人或聋人是不礼貌的。5. enough修饰名词时既可以放在名词的前面，也可以放在其后面；然而，enough作状语修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在形容词或副词之后。如：We have enough time / time enough to finish the work. 我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。He ran fast enough to catch the bus. 他跑得很快，足够赶上公共

6、汽车了。This hall is big enough to hold 1, 000 people. 这个大厅够大，可以容纳1000人。6. 多个形容词作定语时，通常按“性质大小(长短、高低、形状等)年龄/新旧颜色国籍(地区、出处等)材料”的顺序排列。如：a beautiful tall building一座漂亮而高大的建筑物；a large yellow Chinese coat一件黄色的中国式大衣形容词的作用及位置1. (2015河北) Mom, Im very _ for all your love.A. thankful B. careful C. useful D. helpful2

7、. (2015石家庄新华区质量检测) Mom, Ive cooked the egg. What _ can I do for you?A. other B. another C. thing D. else3. (2015石家庄裕华区模拟) The hit of iPhone 6 made the fans of it _.A. exciting B. excited C. disappointment D. disappointing4. (2015路北区二模) She was _ enough to get out of the building before it fell down.

8、A. happy B. lucky C. lovely D. quickly5. (2015沧州一模)Why do you like Mrs. Lee?Because shes _. She is never tired of explaining something to us again and again.A. active B. beautiful C. unusual D. patient6. (2015石家庄新华区质量检测) I love all my students. I think each of them is _.A. early B. lucky C. lovely D

9、. interesting7. (2015河北模拟拔高型) David is never _! He cant stop talking.A. quiet B. athletic C. outgoing D. smart8. (2015石43中模拟) I have made _ new friends here that I really enjoy my school life.A. so much B. so many C. such much D. such many2. 副词的分类时间副词soon，now，early，finally，once，recently频度副词usually，a

10、lways，often，hardly，seldom，never地点副词here，nearby，outside，upwards，above疑问副词how，where，when，why方式副词hard，well，fast，slowly，excitedly，really连接副词how，when，where，why，whether，however程度副词almost，nearly，very，fairly，quite，rather关系副词when，where，why注意：地点副词、时间副词和方式副词放在句尾，它们同时出现时的顺序是：方式副词地点副词时间副词。如：The students are doin

11、g the experiments carefully in the lab now. 同学们现在正在实验室里认真地做实验。Many people take exercise happily on the square every morning. 很多人每天早晨在广场上高兴地进行锻炼。副词的作用及位置9. (2015河北) The movie covers all of Chinese history. It is _ worth seeing again.A. mainly B. really C. possibly D. hardly10. (2015石家庄裕华区模拟) Mr. Li i

12、s a kind teacher，but he treated us _.A. politely B. friendly C. strictly D. lively11. (2015石家庄长安区一模) Tony, pass my glasses to me please. I can _ see your friends clearly.A. really B. actually C. hardly D. nearly12. (2015唐山路北区二模) I will remember Mr. Li forever because he always takes time to explain

13、things to me _.A. clearly B. hardly C. strongly D. quickly13. (2015沧州一模) Li Li has improved her English a lot since she joined the English club.How _ she chose to join it at first!A. quickly B. suddenly C. simply D. wisely14. (2015预测卷五) Frank is playing his iPhone _, but his father looks angry.A. ha

14、ppy B. happily C. sad D. sadly15. (2015邯郸一模) Look, your clothes are wet through. It must be raining _.A. loudly B. hardly C. heavily D. clearly16. (2015石家庄18县联考) Mr. Smith, would you please speak a little _?Sorry! I thought you could follow me.A. quietly B. politely C. seriously D. slowly17. (2014河北

15、一模) In the south，people live _ on rice.A. most B. mostly C. almost D. more3. 规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级构成方法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加-er，-est。smallfastsmallerfastersmallestfastest以不发音的e结尾的单音节词加-r，-st。nicefinenicerfinernicestfinest以辅音字母y结尾的双音节单词，先把y变为i，再加-er，-est。earlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭

16、音节的单词，双写末尾的字母再加-er，-est。redbigthinredderbiggerthinnerreddestbiggestthinnest部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加more，most。interestingimportantmore interestingmore importantmost interestingmost important1. 使用比较级时，在对比中应该是同类进行对比。如：“我的英语不如你的好”应译成“My English is not as / so good as yours.”，而不能译成“My English is not as good as y

17、ou.”。因为此句中比较的对象是English，而不是you，所以要把you改成yours (your English)。2. 使用比较级时，切忌一方包含另一方，从而造成自身与自身的比较。如：“她比她班上任何同学学习都努力”应译成“She studies harder than any other student in her class.”，而不能译成“She studies harder than any student in her class.”。any student in her class包括she，使用了other才能将其排除。18. (2015保定一模) Many peopl

18、e prefer to shop on the Internet. Its _.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. less cheap19. (2015邯郸一模) Look! Our hometown is _ now than it used to be.A. quite beautiful B. the most beautifulC. very beautiful D. much more beautiful20. (2015邯郸二模) Lucys handwriting is _ in our class. We must learn from he

19、r.A. beautifully B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful21. (2015石家庄质量检测) I cant afford this expensive coat. Can you show me a _ one?A. cheaper B. higher C. lower D. dearer22. (2015唐山路北区二模) Have you ever seen the film?Sure. Its one of _ films I have ever seen.A. the most wonderful

20、B. wonderfulC. much wonderful D. the more wonderful23. (2015河北模拟夺冠型) How did you lose the soccer match?We had _ players. They had eleven while we had only ten.A. fewer B. less C. more D. better24. (2014河北) Water is the cheapest drink. And its also _.A. healthier B. healthiest C. the healthier D. the

21、 healthiest25. (2014张家口一模) The train has just left. We should get here 10 minutes _.A. earlier B. the earliest C. the earlier D. early4. 不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级原级 比较级 最高级Good / wellbetterbestBad / ill / badlyworseworstlittlelessleastMany / muchmoremostfarfarther / furtherFarthest / furthestoldolder / e

22、lderoldest / eldest26. (2015·石家庄长安区一模) My bike broke down half-way and I had my _ experience that day.A. worst B. best C. the worst D. the best27. (2015石家庄藁城区模拟) Is your headache getting _? No, its worse.A. better B. bad C. less D. well28. (2015石家庄18县联考) If there are fewer cars, there will be _

23、 air pollution.A. little B. few C. less D. fewer29. (2015石家庄18县联考) The food in the restaurant is bad.I think so. And the service is even _.A. better B. good C. worse D. bad30. (2015河北模拟经典二) How about the dishes? Fantastic! Nothing tastes _.A. nice B. better C. terrible D. worse31. (2015结课B卷) Jim wor

24、ks harder this term，so he is _ at his lessons.A. the best B. the better C. best D. better5. 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法句型意义例句as形容词/副词原级as两者比较，程度相同。“asas”结构前可以带表示程度的状语，像quite，almost，half，twice，nearly等。This book is almost / nearly as thick as that one. 这本书几乎同那本一样厚。His ability is not half as high as yours. 他的能力不

25、及你的一半。如果形容词修饰单数可数名词，应用as形容词/副词原级a(n)可数名词单数形式as。Tom is as good a person as his uncle. 汤姆和他叔叔一样是好人。This is just as good an example as the other one. 这个例子和另外那个一样好。如果指同一个人或物，应译为“不但而且”。Li Mei is as beautiful as she is clever. 李梅不但漂亮而且聪明。not as / so形容词/副词原级as两者相比，一方不及另一方。This village isnt as / so big as t

26、hat one. 这个村子没有那个村子大。I didnt do my homework as carefully as you. 我做作业不如你仔细。形容词/副词比较级than两者进行比较。The sun is bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大。She usually gets up earlier than others. 她通常比别人起得早。the比较级，the比较级意为“越，越”，如果“the比较级”修饰名词作定语，名词要紧跟在比较级之后。The busier the old man is, the happier he feels. 那位老人越忙越高兴。The

27、 more, the better. 越多越好。The more money he gets, the more he wants. 他得到的钱越多越想要。比较级and比较级意为“越来越”，多音节的用more and more形容词或副词原级。She is growing fatter and fatter. 她越来越胖了。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的国家越来越美了。倍数as as 意为“是的倍”。The city is three times as big as mine. 这个城市有我的城市的3倍大。具体数字、实物

28、、倍数等比较级than形容词与具体倍数等的比较。He is a head taller than I. 他比我高一个头。This city is three times larger than that one. 这座城市比那座城市大三倍。形容词/副词最高级介词短语(比较范围)意为“(三者或三者以上)最的”。He is the tallest boy in our class. 他是我们班里最高的男孩。He works hardest in his class. 他是班上学习最用功的一个。1.“A谓语动词the比较级of the two”表示“是两者中的”。如：Wang Fei is the

29、taller one of the two brothers.王飞是他们兄弟两人中较高的一个。2.“A谓语动词one of the最高级复数名词in / of短语”表示“是最的之一”。如：Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 李老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。3.“A谓语动词the序数词最高级in / of短语”表示“是第最的”。如：The Yellow River

30、 is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。32. (2015路北区一模) Of the two Australians，Jenny is _ one. I think you can find her.A. taller B. the taller C. tallest D. a taller33. (2015石家庄长安区一模) This morning, I didnt run _ I had expected.A. as fast so B. so fast as C. as faster as D. so faster as34.

31、(2015沧州一模) Jimmy is very helpful. _ I stay with him, _ I like him.A. The more; the most B. The most; the mostC. The more; the more D. The most; the more35. (2015邯郸武安七中模拟) Now the air in our city is _ than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it.A. very good B. much better C. rather bad D. e

32、ven worse36. (2015河北模拟拔高型) China has the _ population in the world.A. smallest B. most C. largest D. large37. (2015综合卷一) Air pollution has become much _ than ever. We must do something to prevent it.A. serious B. more serious C. most serious D. the most serious38. (2015河北中考仿真四) Do you enjoy Han Hong

33、s songs?Yes. She is really great. I cant think of anyone with a _ voice.A. better B. best C. more D. worse1. Joe took up a cup to drink some water, but he found it was _.A. empty B. heavy C. clean D. old2. It is _ for us to bring our umbrellas because the weather report says it will rain this aftern

34、oon.A. hard B. interesting C. easy D. necessary3. Its every policemans dream to keep people _ and the traffic in good order.A. safe B. healthy C. busy D. famous4.Uncle Wang feels very _ after finishing the _ work.He really needs to have a good rest.A. tired; tiring B. tired; tired C. tiring; tired D

35、. tiring; tiring5. I have got used to the life here, and I live as _ as before.A. happy B. happily C. more happily D. less happy6. I _ ride a bike to school. But this morning, I walked to school.A. never B. hardly C. seldom D. usually7.Why do you like living in the countryside, Uncle Wang?Because th

36、e air there is _ and clean.A. cold B. dirty C. thin D. fresh8. Wed better not eat too much _ food because its not only bad for our teeth，but also makes us fat easily.A. tasty B. delicious C. sweet D. cheap9.These days I have always felt stressed.You can ask Mrs. Lee for help. Its _ for her to solve

37、your problem.A. necessary B. useful C. important D. possible10. Are you _, Mike?Yes, Mom. Could you please get me some water?A. thirsty B. tired C. hungry D. sick11. Whose home is _ away from school in our class?Liu Meis.A. farther B. far C. the farthest D. near12. Which of the two cars will you buy

38、?The _ one. I dont have much money.A. cheap B. expensive C. cheaper D. more expensive13. Remember this, children._ careful you are, _ mistakes you will make.Yes, Miss Gao.A. The more; the fewer B. The more; the fewC. The more; the less D. The much; the fewer14. Which is _, the sun, the earth or the

39、moon?The sun, of course.A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest15. Your daughter is much _ now.Yes, the pants she wore last year are all too short for her.A. older B. quieter C. taller D. smarter16. If you keep playing sports every day, your health will be getting _.A. good and good B. better and betterC. best and best D. better and best17. Mum, could you buy me a dress like this?Of course. We can buy _ one than this, but _ it.A. a better; better than B. a popular; as good asC. a more popular; not as good as D. a cheaper; as good as18. Which province is the _ one