九年级英语总复习(八)动词的分类

1、(八)动词的分类近年来对动词的考查主要是动词的种类及各类动词的基本区别，动词的基本变化形式，常见的动词的词义辨析及短语动词的辨析，其中，动词和短语动词的辨析以及动词的基本变化形式是考查的重点和热点。预计2016年动词考查的趋势将是在具体的语言环境中考查基础动词及短语动词的辨析。动词是表示人或事物动作和状态的词。按照其语法功能，动词分为行为动词、系动词、助动词及情态动词四类。行为动词又叫实义动词，分为及物动词(后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词)，不及物动词(本身意义不完整，其后不能接宾语的动词)；系动词(不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语)；助动词(本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和别的动词

2、一起构成谓语的词，这类词表示时态、语态、语气等特征，帮助构成否定、疑问等)；情态动词(本身有一定的意义，但没有人称和数的变化，不能单独使用，必须和实义动词一起构成句子的谓语，表示说话者的情感、态度和语气)。1. 动词的种类 类别功能及用法例子行为动词及物动词vt.本身含有实在意义，表示动作或状态，在句中能独立作谓语。可以接宾语afford，buy，enjoy，keep不及物动词vi.不可以直接接宾语arrive，cry，die，fall连系动词本身有一定的词义，但词义不完整，不能单独作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。be，smell，look，taste助动词本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和

3、实义动词一起构成谓语，表示时态、语态、否定、疑问等。do，does，will，shall情态动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态，没有人称和数的变化。may，must，can，need1不及物动词要想接宾语，必须在不及物动词后加上适当的介词。如：The baby is smiling at us.婴儿正对着我们笑。He died of hunger.他死于饥饿。Please listen to the teacher carefully.请仔细听老师讲课。2双宾语动词后面跟两个宾语，直接宾语为动词直接涉及的事物；间接宾语往往指涉及的人。间接

4、宾语有时可放到后面去，由介词to或for引导，变成介词短语。(1)能接以to引导的间接宾语的动词常见的有：bring，give，leave，lend，offer，pass，play，read，send，show，take，teach，tell，write等。如：Could you lend your dictionary to me？请你把你的字典借我用用好吗？She passed the salt to him.她把盐递给了他。(2)能接以for引导的间接宾语的动词常见的有：bring，build，buy，cook，cut，fetch，find，get，keep，make，order，sav

5、e，pick，play，sing，take，win，write等。如：Mother cooks breakfast for us every day.母亲每天都为我们做早饭。I'll fetch a chair for you.我去给你拿一个凳子。()1. (2015·自贡)Do you think our basketball team will win the match?Yes，we have better players. So I _ them to win.Ahope Bhelp Cexpect()2. (2015·鄂州)Do you know the

6、song Where has the time gone?Sure. It _ beautiful. I like it a lot.Asmells Btastes Csounds Dlooks()3. (2015·聊城)The company can _ lunch for you if you work there.Afeed Bprovide Chave Deat()4. (2015·宜昌)Let's do something for our dad.Good idea. We should always _ father's love for us.

7、Aexplain Bsuppose Cwonder Dvalue()5. (2015·莱芜)If you need to go to the restroom in class，please _ your hand.Araise Brise Cshake Dwash2. 常见连系动词的用法 常用连系动词词义例句be是I'm a girl with short hair.become成为，变得Mike becomes interested in Chinese.turn变得Mr. White's face turned red.get变得The weather is g

8、etting bad.smell闻起来The flowers smell nice.sound听起来The plan sounds good.taste尝起来The soup tastes delicious.stay保持The shop stays open till 8 pm.grow成长，变得Her hair is growing white.keep保持The girl keeps silent all the time.feel感到，摸起来The coat feels very soft.look看起来My mother looks very young.注意1. 连系动词不能单独作

9、谓语，其后必须接形容词、名词或介词短语作表语。2含连系动词(be除外)的句子变疑问句时一定要借助助动词do，does，did等。 ()6. (2015·滨州)Mom is making dinner. It _ so nice!Asmells Btastes Cfeels Dsounds()7. (2015·安徽)The running water makes the stones _ very smooth.Asound Btaste Csmell Dfeel()8. (2015·重庆A)Your mother _ younger than she is.Tha

10、nk you for saying so.Alooks Blistens Csees Dhears()9. (2015·盐城)TF BOYS' songs _ sweet and many of us like listening to them.Asound Bfeel Ctaste Dlook ()10. (2015·青岛)The meat on the plate _ so delicious. Let's try it together.Asmells Bsounds Csees Dfeels3. 情态动词的用法 情态动词意义及用法例句may表示“请

11、求许可”，意思是“可以，可能”，其一般疑问句的否定回答为mustn't。May I go out and play football?No，you mustn't. 表推测，意思是“可能”。Mr. Li may be at home.can(could)表示“能力”，意思是“能，会”，否定形式为can't，couldn't。Mike can speak a little Chinese.I could ride the bike when I was 6 years old.用在疑问句中，表示“征求意见”，could比can的语气更委婉、客气。Could you

12、 tell me something about your school？表推测，常用在否定句和疑问句中。He can't be at home. He has gone to Japan.can用于一般现在时及一般过去时两种时态，be able to可以用于各种时态。He can spell these words.He has been able to draw pictures already.must表示义务、命令或要求，意思是“必须，应该”，否定形式为mustn't，意思是“不应该，不允许”，表示警告。You must be careful next time.You

13、 mustn't take photos here.表示推测，意为“必定”。He must be in the room.表示说话人的主观看法。I must go home now.must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答时用must，have to；否定回答时用needn't或don't have to。Must I finish the homework today?No，you needn't/you don't have to.need 表示“需要”，多用于否定句。He needn't worry about it.作实义动词，后接动词不定式。

14、I'm very tired and I need to have a rest.()11. (2015·成都)Cars，buses，bikes and people _ stop when the traffic lights are red.Acan Bmay Cmust()12. (2015·内江)Must I hand in the exercise book today，Miss Green?No，you _.Take your time. Just tomorrow.Ashouldn't Bneedn't Cmustn't Dca

15、n't()13. (2015·长沙)_ I use your dictionary?Of course. But please return it to me before you leave.AMust BNeed CMay()14. (2015·莱芜)Life is changeable. No one knows what _ happen in the future.Ashould Bneed Chave to Dmight()15. (2015·扬州)You look pretty in green，Kate.Thank you. I like

16、green. Green _ give me energy.Acan Bmust Cshould Dhas to4. 短语动词 类别实例汉义动词副词add up加起来break out爆发carry on坚持下去；继续下去change into转换成；变成clean up打扫干净clear up整理，收拾；(天气)放晴come back回来；想起来come down落下来come in进入，进来cut down砍倒cut off切断cut up切碎eat up吃光，吃完fall behind落在后面；输给别人find out发现；查明get along相处，进展get together聚会，联

17、欢get up起床give away分发；赠送give back归还，送回give in屈服give out分发；用完，耗尽give up放弃go ahead继续；去吧go away走开，离去go on继续grow up长大，成长hand in上交；交纳hand out分发hold on坚持；(打电话)别挂断keep on继续(进行)let in让进来，放进look ahead向前看look up查找pay back偿还(借款等)pick up拾起，捡起；开车接；学会point out指出，标明put off推迟put on穿；戴上；上演put up举起；张贴start off出发stay u

18、p熬夜take off脱下；起飞turn down声音调小turn in上交turn off关闭wake up唤醒，醒来watch out当心work out计算出add up加起来动词介词agree with赞同，同意(某人的看法)arrive at/in到达ask for请求；询问base on以为依据belong to属于break into破门而入call for需要；呼吁care for在乎，关心come from来自deal with处理；对付depend on/upon依靠；相信；依赖get over克服get to到达go by走过，经过；(时间)流逝go over复习knoc

19、k at敲laugh at嘲笑learn from向学习look after照顾look at看，观看look for寻找look like看起来像pass by经过point to指向quarrel with(和某人)争吵stand for代表(某事物)；支持stick to坚持talk about谈论think about考虑think of想起，想出；认为wait for等待agree with赞同，同意(某人的看法)动词副词介词add up to加起来总计catch up with赶上come up with想出get along with相处go on with继续进行keep aw

20、ay from远离keep up with跟上；和保持联系look down on/upon看不起look forward to盼望look out of朝外看make up of由组成，构成run out of耗尽add up to加起来总计注意：对于“动词副词”类的短语，如果是名词作宾语，那么这个名词既可以放在短语之间也可以放在短语的后面，但是如果是代词作宾语，则代词一定要放在短语之间。如：He turned off all the lights when he left.当他离开时，他关上了所有的灯。He picked it up and gave it to me.他捡起它，然后把它交

21、给了我。()16. (2015·益阳)The boy is sleeping. Please _ the radio.Aturn up Bturn off Cturn on()17. (2015·宜昌)The organization Wild Aid is _ to protect wild animals.It has done a lot so far.Acheered up Bpicked up Ctaken up Dset up()18. (2015·十堰)_ these past three years，I remember many things.A

22、Looking up to BLooking out CLooking back at DLooking after()19. (2015·德州)When I got to the bus stop，I missed the early bus and I had to _ the next one.Agive up Bkeep off Ccall off Dwait for()20. (2015·宜宾)You'd better _ the test paper before handing it in.Ago ahead Bgo on Cgo off Dgo ov

23、er()1. Can I borrow your English book，please?Sure. But you must _ it to me soon.Akeep Bbuy Creturn Dhold()2. Have you ever listened to the song Baby?Yes，it _ wonderful. All of us like it very much.Asmells Bsounds Clooks Dtastes()3. How about the silk skirt?It _ soft！I'll take it.Atastes Bsounds

24、Csmells Dfeels()4. After the serious illness，he finally _ how important health is.Arealized Bmeant Cadded Dimpressed()5. The old man's eyesight isn't very good. He often _ Tim for Jim.Aregards Btreats Cmistakes Dthinks()6. Why is Lily so popular among the students?Because she often _ us with

25、 help and care.Agives Boffers Cprovides Dsupports()7.Do you think Houston Rockets will beat Lakers?Yes. They have better players，so I _ them to win.Ahope Bthink Cdepend Dexpect()8. How long do you think the terrible weather will _？Why not listen to the weather report?Aappear Blast Cchange Ddiscover(

26、)9. Listen！The whole class is quiet now. It _ that everyone falls asleep.Aseems Blooks Csounds Dgets()10. How long can I _ this novel Gulliver's Travels?Only two weeks.Aborrow Blend Creturn Dkeep()11. Wow，the dish _ delicious. Could you please tell me how to cook it?Akeeps Btastes Csounds Dfeels

27、()12. Why does Zhang Lei look unhappy?Because her best friend didn't _ her to go on a picnic.Amake Blet Cinvite Drefuse()13. David _ his friend's invitation to the picnic in order to stay at home and have a good rest.Aexpected Brefused Creceived Dtold()14. Who's that boy in the red coat?

28、He is my new friend. Let me_ him to you.Aintroduce Btell Cpromise Dsay()15. Fresh food is good for you. But you have to _ it first because sometimes it is a little dirty.Ataste Bsmell Cwash Dplant()16. May I go to the cinema，Mum?Certainly. But you _ be back by 11 o'clock.Acan Bmay Cmust Dneed()1

29、7. _ I speak to May，please?I'm sorry she _ come to the phone because she is busy now.AMight；won't BCan；mustn'tCMay；can't DCould；shouldn't()18. I want to know if I _ smoke here.No，you _.Could you see the sign “NO SMOKING” there?Acan；needn't Bmust；can't Cshall；won't Dca

30、n；mustn't()19. Whose notebook is this?It _ be Tom's. It has his name on it.Amust Bmay Cmight Dcan't()20. _ you pass me the dictionary，please?Sure. Here you are.ACould BNeed CMust DMight()21. Must I go there with you?No，you _.David _ go with me.Amustn't；can Bcan't；must Cdon't；

31、should Dneedn't；may()22. You _ be careful when crossing the roadthe traffic lights aren't working.Amight Bshould Ccould Dmay()23. Could I borrow your ruler?Yes，of course you _.Awill Bshould Ccan Dneed()24. You _ return the book now. You can keep it until next week if you like.Ahave to Bcan&#

32、39;t Cmustn't Dneedn't()25. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but luckily everyone _ get out.Ahad to Bwould Cwas able to Dcould()26. Is Paul coming by train?He should，but he _.He likes driving his car.Acan't Bneedn't Cmay not Dmustn't()27. Isn't that Ann's hu

33、sband over there?No，it _ be him. I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.Acan't Bmust not Cwon't Dmay not()28. Susan，you _ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!Awouldn't Bmustn't Cneedn't Dmay not()29. Listen！Someone is singing in the next room. Who _ it be？Is it Zhu Le

34、i?No. It _ be her. She is at school now.Awill；may not Bmust；mustn't Cmay；can't Dmay；won't()30. Susan's parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It _ be very expensive.Amust Bcan Cmustn't Dcan't()31. Do you know if he is still living?I'm not sure. I think he_ die in a battle in 1943.Ahave to Bshould Cmust Dmight()32. You can sit and read the books here if you _.Thank you very much.A