苏教版小学五年级英语语法归纳及语法练习.

1、苏教版小学五年级英语语法归纳及语法练习小学五年级英语语法归纳L "first "是写数词，与"the”相连.锌篷为第一口2 .像worid”作为词组出现时前面+ "the，3 - all”所有口后面的可数名词用复数形式.be动词用“are二工“any” 一些.可在否定句和一般疑问句中，与“some”同义，“some”用在 肯定句中。5 .thegbe十数词 采用,就近真则16 .a map of Chinaa map of the worid 妾牢 i 己；7 .要用"on the wall, 不能用in the wall 门*窗在墙上才能用K

2、 in the wall ' s8 .can后+动词原形9 .play-tbe+乐器 play+球类10 .十可教名词夏数（指一类的东西）| -this+名词单数like的司法+somc+不可缴名词L动词ing形式（动名词j1L动词变动名词形式方法：（1；直接在动词后+ing （大多数）（2）以不发音的 e 结晶的" 去 e'4ing 如：dandng making riding3重读fee音节.末尾只有一个辅音，双写末尾的字母+ Aing ? tn ninning swininiing sitting putting12 .现在进行时的枸成：be动词+动词ing形式

3、力标志：now look, listen+ it* stime to13 ,问be动词+人称+时态i：动词ing）藐在进行时的一般近问句X答 %sT he/dieAt is/am/are.L No, he/she/it isn ' Zhren Vam not.14 .用 Are you ？ %s, I amAve are. No J m notAve aren t15 .动词后十人称宾格形式16 .一般在是的构成：莫三人称单装（三单）二要注意：后面的动词+s或es二法 铢have - has do ” does go ' goes 标志：often usually c17 .有

4、些名词变动词时要变形式,如:teacher ，teach driver drive3,指不代词指沂处指沅处单数th上（这个）山社（那个）复数由己&己（i文些）出口占己（那些）4,冠词有a* an,出的a和an的区别；an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母a,小o. u）前，a用于辅 音音素前。1、名词这里强调茯点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is 名词复数如何加后缀：各种不同情况变化方法例词一般情况直接加-Sbook-booksbag -bagscat-cats bed-beds以s. X. sh. ch结尾加弋Sbus-busesbox -box esbrush-brushesw

5、at ch-watch espeachpeach esgl as s- gl as ses以辅音字母一y ” 结尾变y为i,再加-esfamily-familiesstudy-studies以“钺fe结尾变f或fe为v,再 加YSknife-knives不规则名词复数man -menworn an -worn enpoliceni an-policem enpolicew om an-policev om enmouse-mi cefoot-feetchild -childrenfi sh -fi shChi nese -Chi nese2、人称代词和物主代词人称代词物主代词单数复数单数复数主

6、格宾格主格宾格形容词性形容词性第一人称I （我）mewe （我们）USmv （我的）0U1（我们的）第二人称yoo （你）VOUvou （你们）youvour （你的）vour （你们的）第三人称he （他）liimthey（他她它们）themhis （他的）their（他她它们的）she （她）herher （她的）it （它）itit （它的）人称代词：有主格和宾格之分。一般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。二、否定句：bu 动词（am、is are） -not、情态动词can a not、助动词（do、does） + not如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：1、看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在

7、be动词后-not。3看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后-not。3、如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤：C1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do, does,根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数 的助动词就用does»（3）在助动词后加not。（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。强调一点，有 som e 的要考虑是否要用 any。三、一般疑问句。如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为一般疑问句：1、看句中有无be动词，如有，把be动词提到句首即可。3看句中有无情态动词，如

8、有，把情态动词提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都没有，就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤：（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do还是does,根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单 数的助动词就用does（3）把助动词后提到句首。（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。强调一点，有 some 的要考虑是否要用anvo四、特殊疑问句。表示疑问，有疑问词（在开头），回答有很多种可能。常用疑问词：疑问词意思用法What time什么时间问具体时间，如几点钟Who问人Whose谁的问主人Vheru在哪里问地点What什

9、么问东西、事物What col our什么颜色问颜色How old多大年纪问年纪How manv多少数量（可数名词）问数量How much多少钱；冬少数量（不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）五、时态1、一般现在时（1） 一般现在时中的be动词：一般用原形：am is aream用于第一人称单数（l）; is用于第二人称单数（he she it和其他人名或称谓，如：Ben his si st er 等）；are用于第二人称单数（you）和所有复数（包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you；第三人 称复数they和其他复数，如thu children、 his parents等）°（2

10、）一般现在时中的动词：第一种情况：主语是笫三人称单数（he she it和其他，如Helen、her cousin等），动词后一般 加s或es<> 第二种情况：主语不是第三人称单数，动词都用原形。（4）一般现在时判断依据（如何判断一个句子是一般现在时）：be动词是am、is、are 动词用原形或加s、es没有时间状语或有usually、oftenevervdav、sometimes等不是具体的时间 9dd2、现在进行时（1）构成形式：昵动词+动词的ing形式这里强调一点，两者缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成现在进行时。（2）现在进行时表示动作正在进行或事情正在发生。（3）有用的依据：一

11、个句子中既有be动词，又有动词，且动词加了 ing -f 该句是现在进行时（4）句中往往有now、look、listen等词。同音词 gtootwototh eretheir herehearbuyby rightwrite-eyesun sonfourfor noknowwho'swhose近义词： manya lot of / lots of photo-picture反义词或对应词：oldnewopencloselargebig lamplightgocomeblackwhitedesktablelikelovebigsmall herethere动词现在分词的变化见下表:词尾情

12、况变化方式例词一般情况力口一ingplay 玩一playing go 去一going sing 唱一singing see 看见-seeingdo 做一doing jump 跳一jumping ski 滑雪一skiing以不发音的e结尾去e力口一ingmake 做一making like 喜欢一liking write W-writing have Whavingtake 拿到一takingcome 来一coming dance 跳舞一dancing close 关一closing以重读闭音节结尾 的动词，中间只有一 个元音字母，词尾只 有一个辅音字母双写最后一个辅音字 母再加一ingswim

13、 游泳一swimmingsit 坐一sittingrun 跑一runningget 得至Ugettingput 放puttingbegin 开支台一beginningjog 慢跑一jogging完整形式：let's=letus（让我们）词性变换：one（序数词）firstis （复数）arewe a re （缩略形式）we're photo（复数）photosfd=I would canzt=can not Vm=I am monkey （复数）monkeysskiing（原形）skifamilies （单数）family make （现在分词）makingdo（笫三人称单数）

14、doeshave（第三人称单数）hasfat（反义词）th in做题目时一定要记住：1. can+动词原形2. Iike+动词 ing3. Iike+名词复数4. play+足球类play the +乐器类5. how many +名词复数6. would like +to+动词原形7. Iet's+动词原形8. 现在进行时：be（am,is,ae）+动词ing9. 动词第三人称单数形式1、基本形式: am、are、is（1） am第一人称I+am（注意：“I”无论何时都要大写，不管位于句首还是句中）例：I am a beautiful girl.I am twenty.（2） are

15、第二人称you + ae;一人称复数we+ae； 三人称复数they+are其他复数名词+ are（注意:第二人称单复数同形，都为you）例：You are my good friend.We are in the same class.They are on the road.The books are on the desk.（3 is第三人称he（男）+is she（女）+is; it（不是人）+is;其他单数名词+is例：HeShe is a good student.It is a white cat.A dog is on that street.2、肯定、否定、疑问（等于号后是简

16、写）肯定否定一一be动词 后加not一般疑问一一be 动词移到主语前一般疑问否定一般疑问回 答肯定和否 定I am. =fm .I am not=I'm not.Am I ？Am not I.?Yes,I'm.No,I'm not.You are.= you're You are not.=You aren't.Are you.?Are not you. .? =Arent you.?Yes,you are.No,you are not.SheHeIt is.=SheHeIt is not.Is sheheit.?Is notYes,sheheIt=Sh

17、eHeIt isn't.sheheit.?=Isnl shehe|U.?is.No,sheheIt is not.We are=We'reWe are not.=Ve arent.Are we ？Are not wc?=Aren't we.,.?Yes.we are.No,we are not,They are =They'reThey are not 二They aren'tAre they？Are not they？ 二Aen t they.?Yesfthey are.No,they are not,例：I am(not) from London.M

18、y eyes are(not) small.My hair is(not) iong.Am I a Chniese?回答：肯定: Yes, you are,否定：No, you aren'tIs the cat fat?回答工肯定工 Yes, it is,否定：Nof it isnt注意；在一般疑问回答中，肯定回答除I'm不可简写:否定回答均可简写。另工特殊疑问句中工wherehowwhowhatwhy+be动祠+人称代词或名词?例* What is your tiamen My name is GaoBuHan %hereare you7 I,m in the classro

19、om.（3） 结：Be的用法口诀I 用 am; you- wo they 都用 are;也连着 be, she, it;单教名词用反复数名词全用are*变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃.变否定，更容易,be后口画莫忘记。疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑情态动词一、 can, （could 过去式）1）表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。Can you lift this heavy box?（体力）Mary can speak three languages.（知识）Can you skate?（技能）Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；2）表示请求和允许。Can I go now?Yes, you ca

20、n. / No, you can' t.3）表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。They' vechanged the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.This hall can hold 500 people at least.4）表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。Can this be true?This can' be done by him.How can this be true?二.should,1） should,表示应该劝告、建议和命令。1. I should help h

21、er because she is in trouble.1. You should go to class right away.2. Should I open the window?3）表示推测Should （客观推测），must （主观推测）。1. He must be home by now.（断定他已到家）2. He should be home by now.（不太肯定） （一）用适当的情态动词填空。1. Must I stand up? No, you.2.I speak something? Yes, you.1 .I leave the park now? No, you

22、stay here.4 . My grandmother is ill. I stay at home and look after her.5 . you like some juice?6 . They take more exercise.7 .you tell me the way to the museum?8 . The watch tell us the right time.9 .you like to go boating with us?10 .we play chess next weekend?（二）按要求改写句子。1. She can walk quickly.I q

23、uickly .（否定句）2. You have to finish the work now.（一般疑问句）I the work now? No, you.3. They can paint the wall well.（一般疑问句） they the wall well?4. Tom must carry the box into the room.（否定旬） Tom carry the box into the room.5. She should reach the station early.伟定旬）She reach the station early.（三）单项选择。（ ）1.

24、you like some bread ? A . Would B. Could C . Can（ ）2. We throw the waste in the zoo.A can' t B. don't C. mustn' t（ ）3. W e should more flowers, and we shouldn ' t cut any flowers.A. plant B. planting C. plants() 4.May I have some water?A.Yes,you have.B. Yes,you can. C. Yes,certainly.

25、() 5.Shall we work on the farm ?A.Yes,we do. B.Yes, we shall.B.All right.() 6.Would you have something to announce?A.Yes,we would. B.Yes, I d like . C.Yes, of course.() 7.Can I help you?A.Yes,you can. B.No,I can do it. C.Yes.I d like some oranges.人称代词和物主代词要点归纳：人称代词I like you.我喜欢你。You like me.你喜欢我。He

26、 likes her.他喜欢她。She likes him.她喜欢他。We like you.我们喜欢你们。You like us.你们喜欢我们。They like us.他们喜欢我们。We like them.我们喜欢它们。上面这些简单的句子里，like 前面的人称代词都是主格，你可以把like 换成别的动词，比如play with （和 玩）、look at （看着）等等，读着玩玩儿，你认为哪个动词好玩就换成哪个。形容词性物主代词有：my我的、your你的、his他的、her她的、its它的、our我们的、your 你们的、 their 他们的。之所以叫它们形容词是因为他们必须放在名词前面

27、。物主则表示它们是物的主人。如： 我们的老师our teacher；我的汽车 my car、你的裤子your trousers、他的风筝his kite、她的椅子her chair、它的腿its legs、你们白学校your school、 她们的聚会their party。名词性物主代词有 mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs 依次表示我的、你的、他的、她的、它的、我们的、你们的、他（她、它）们的。注意除了mine 每个单词后面都有一个“s”。因为他们本身是名词性，所以后面不能再跟名词，否则就犯了重复的错误。比如我们可以说 my b

28、ook,但不能说 mine book; her dress而不是 hers dressThis is my book. The book is mine. 这是我的书。这书是我的。That is your desk. That s yours. 那是你的课桌。那是你的。This is his cup. It s his. 这是他的杯子。是他的。That is her skirt. The skirt is hers. 那是她的短裙。那短裙是她的。That' s its banana. The banana is its那是它的香蕉。那香蕉是它的。This is our classroo

29、m. It s ours. 这是我们的教室。是我们的。This is their basketball. It s theirs. 这是他们的篮球。是他们的。主 格宾 格 形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词一单I我me 我my 我的mine我的一复we 我们us 我们our 我们的ours我们的二单you 你you 你your 你的yours 你的二复you 你们you 你们your 你们的yours你们的三单he他him 他his 他的his他的she她her 她her她的hers她的it 它it 它its 它的its它的三复they 他们them 他们their 他们的theirs他们的一主格

30、-( I you heshe it we you they )1. 在句子中可以作主语，放于句首，后接动词。(1) am a student.(2) comes from China , but comes from American.(3) is my aunt.二宾格( me you him her it us you them )1. 在句子中可以作宾语，用于句尾，动词之后。(1) The boy in the photo is .(2) Let to play football.(3) We often go to visit .2. 在句子中可以作宾语，用于句尾，介词之后。(1) T

31、he pen of is the same with .(2) Come with .(3) The teacher wants you to return that book of .3. 人称代词作表语时, 一般用宾格, 特别是在日常会话中。“ Who is knocking at the door? ” “ It's .” “谁在敲门?”- “是我。”三形容词性物主代词( my your his her it our your their )1. 形容词性物主代词一般位于名词前，用作定语，限定该名词的意义。(1) book is over there.(2) I ate all

32、sandwiches yesterday.(3) Tell Tom not to forget book.四名词性物主代词( mine yours his hers its ours yourrs theirs)1. 名词性物主代词在句中独立使用，即不后接名词，其句法作用相当于一个名词, 即“形容词性物主代词+名词”。(1) My bag is bigger than .=My bag is bigger than .(2) is a great country.我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。(用作主语，一般用于正式文体)(3) I forgot to bring my dictionary.

33、Could I use ?我忘了带词典，我可以用一下你的吗？(用作动词的宾语)(4) He wasn t in my room. He might be in . 他(刚才)不在我的房间。他可能在自己的房间。(用作介词的宾语)(5) Whose book is this? It s . 这是谁的书？是她的。(用作表语)(6) Jack is a friend of . 杰克是我的一个朋友。(用于双重所有格)2. 名词性物主代词用作主语时，谓语动词的数应随所指者的数而定。（1）Is this pencil or ? It s . Hers is in her bag.（Hers = Her pe

34、ncil） - 这支铅笔是你的还是她的？是我的。她的铅笔在她包里。3. 用于 of 后面。He visited a friend of yesterday.综合练习：一、用适当的人称代词填空1. 2. China is a developing country. lies in the east of Asia.2. Professor Wang sets a good example. We must learn from .3. 4. What day is today? is Thursday.4. How far is the thunder ? is three kilometers

35、 away.5. I own a blue bike. The red one doesn t belong to .6. These new houses are so nice. are very expensive.7. say that those old houses will be rebuilt.8. Is the milkman at the door? Yes, that s .9. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn t ?10. Ling Ling is a girl. studies in a primary school.

36、 Her brother lives with11. and helps to prepare the lessons.12. The ship is lying at anchor （ 停泊 ） . comes from Shanghai.13. This photo of your mother is very much like her. I like .14. Mike is my classmate. is good at physics .15. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ?16. What's the

37、weather like today ? is cloudy.二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空1. I ate all sandwiches yesterday. Can I have one of ?2. George has lost pen. Ask Mary if （是否）she will lend him .3. Jack has a dog and so have I. dog and had a fight （打架 ）.4. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of are coming to see us.5. Mary wants to

38、know if （是否）you've seen a pair of gloves of .6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of .三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空1. Your football clothes are on the desk.Please put （they，them，their， theirs） away.2. （We ， Us， Our， Ours）English teacher is Mrs. Green.We all like （she，her，her

39、s）.3. （I ， Me， My， Mine）can't get my kite.Could you help （I ， me， my， mine）?4. Tom can't get down from the tree.Can you help （he ， him， his）?5. Her kite is broken. Can （you ， your， yours） mend it?6. We can't find our bikes.Can you help （we ， us， our， ours）?7. These are （he ， him， his） pl

40、anes.The white ones are （I ， me， mine）.B. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词1. This isn't her knife. is green.2. These are your books ， Kate. Put in the desk ， please.3. You must look after things.4. Wei Fang ， is that ruler? Yes ， it's.5. They want a football. Give the green one ， please.6. It's Lin Tao

41、9;s bag. Give to .7. Is this pencil-box Li Lei's? No ， is very new.8. This box is too heavy. I can't carry .Don't worry ， Let help .9. is a boy name is Mike. Mike's friends like very much.10. My sister is in room. is a teacher.11. Jane is a little girl. mother is a nurse.12. We are i

42、n classroom. classroom is big.13. My father and mother are teachers. are busy14. You are a pupil. Is brother a pupil, too?四、用括号中的适当形式填空A） （ 1） Are these （ you） pencils?Yes, they are （ our） .（ 2）Whose is this pencil? It s （ I ） .3)I love （ they ） very much4)She is_ （ I ） classmate.（ 5） Miss Li often

43、looks after（ she） brother.（ 6）Are these （ they） bags ？ No, they aren t （ their ） . They are （ we） .B）1. This bike is my sister's. It belongs to （她的）。2. This isn't mybook. （我的） is in the bag.3. They quarrelled among （他们）.4. You and I understand （ 彼此 ） perfectly.5. If there are _（ 一些） new maga

44、zines in the library, take some for me.五、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空：1. Mary works in a book store.likes work verymuch.2. John and I are in the same school.go to school together.3. Everybody likes that sport, do?4. She is a friend of . We got to know each other two years ago.5. Her sister makes all own dres

45、ses.6. I have many friends. Some of are good at English.7. May I use bike? is broken.8. Everybody is here except Ann and friend Jane. are inthe library now.六、选择填空1. Who s singing over there ? is Sandy s sister.A.ThatB.ItC.SheD. This2. will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.A. She, you and IB. You,

46、she and IC. I, you and sheD. Her, me and you3. Between you and, he is not a real friend.A. meB. IC.heD. his4. My uncle bought a new bike for.A. theirsB. theyC.meD. I5.I6.7.itMr Smith often praises for his progress in studies.A. heB. himC.D. me-Here ' s a postcard for you, Jim! Oh,is from my frie

47、nd,Mary.A. heB. itC. sheD. it ' sDon t shake the young tree. leaves are falling off. You should look after.A. It, it ' sB. It ' s, itC. Its,D. It, it8. Little Baby knows that he should not take the things that do not belong toD. himD. heD. he ' sA. he B. hisC. her9. W川 anyone go on a

48、 trip with him ?Not.A. IB.meC. mine10. Among those lovely toys, the brown toy dog was given byA. heB. hisC. him特殊疑问句-对划线部分提问特殊疑问词意思用法What什么对物体、东西、动作、提问When什么时候对大概笼统时间提问What time几点对具体时间点提问Where哪里对地点提问Who谁对人提问Whose谁的对事物主人提问How怎样对情况以及方式提问How many多少对数量提问提问（可数的）How much多少对数量或钱提问（/、口数的）What color什么颜色对颜色提问

49、What day星期几对星期几提问How old多大了对年龄提问What' s the date什么日期对日期的提问对划线部分提问的步骤：1.根据划线部分的内容选择合适的特殊疑问词，（划线部分删去。）2.将特殊疑问词放在句首，将原句中有 be动词或情态动词提到特殊疑问词后，第一人称 改第二人称，大写改小写，句号改疑问号，其他照抄。? She is a doctor.一Who is she?3.如果原句中既没有be动词也没有情态动词时，则借助于助动词 do或does,（主语为 第三人称单数时借助助动词 does）,大写改小写，句号变问号，第一人称改第二人称。（当主语为第三人称单数时，原句

50、中的动词三单要还原。）注意：当划线部分为一个动作时，则确定用特殊疑问词 what,划线部分内容不能直接去 删掉，而是用相应的do或doing代替，当划线部分为一般现在时时，用 do代替，当划 线部分为现在进行时时，则用 doing代替。特殊疑问句练习：一、选择正确的单词填空（who, where, when）1. is that pretty girl? She is my sister.2. are Jack and Tom? They are behind you.3. do you go to school? I go to school from Monday to Friday.4.

51、 has a beautiful flower? John has a beautiful flower.5. are they? They are my parents.6. is my mother? She is in the living room.7. are you going? We are going to the bakery（ 面包坊 ）.8. do Jim and Wendy play ball? They play ball in the afternoon.9. does he jog? He jogs in the park.10. are you from? I&

52、#39;m from Changchun city.二、就画线部分提问1 .He is my father.2 .They are under the tree.3.1 often watch TV after dinner.（ 晚饭后 ） （ 提示：饭后强调的是时间问题。）4.Lily swims in the swimming pool.（ 游泳池 ）5.Superman flies in the sky.6.I often brush my teeth in the evening.7 .Alan likes to play with Bill.8 .Joe's father p

53、lays badminton（ 羽毛球 ） every weekend.9 .The supermarket is near the school.10 .The laptop（ 笔记本电脑） is on the table.11 .Jennifer has a pair of earrings（ 耳环 ）.12 .The flowers are in the flower pot（ 花盆 ）.13 .My grandpa took us to the zoo.14.1 put the gold fish（ 金鱼 ） into the fish tank（ 鱼缸 ）.15.The monkey sleeps at night.三用 what time, what color, what day, what 填空。1. A: is it?B: It is nine oclock.2. A: does your mother get up?8: My mother gets up at 6:30.3. A: do you go to bed? B: I go to bedat 10:00.4. A: do Diana and Fiona have supper?8: Diana and Fiona have supper at 18:00.5. A