小升初英语名词代词讲解及题目

1、名词的数、冠词一.名词:名词单复数(一名词单复数1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches注:以-th结尾的名词加-s,如month-months truth-truths3.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives注:部分直接加-s,如belief-beliefs4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-fami

2、lies, strawberry-strawberries ,story-stories city-cities5. 以元音字母+y结尾的名词,加-s如:toy-toys boy-boys day-days6.以字母-o结尾的名词1辅音字母+-o结尾一般加-es,如:hero-heroes potato-potatoestomato-tomatoes。巧学妙记:英雄(hero爱吃西红柿(tomato和土豆(potato2部分辅音字母加-o的名词,加-s:piano-pianos photo-photos kilo-kilos3以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-sradio-radios zoo-z

3、oos7.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewo men, mouse-micechild-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-peo ple, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese不可数名词的复数是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea二、冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:(1不定冠词:a / an a unit / an uncle(元音开头的可数名词前

4、用an :an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress /an e-mail / an address / an event/ an example / an opera / an hour/an old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson(2定冠词:the,如the egg the plane2. 用法

5、:定冠词the的用法:(1特指某(些人或某(些物: The ruler is on the desk.(2复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.(3谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys arent at school.(4在序数词前: Johns birthday is February the second.(5用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / evening不用冠词的情况:(1专有名词前:China is a big country.(2名词前有定语:this , that , my ,

6、 your , some, any , no 等:This is my baseball.(3复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys cant swim. They are teachers.(4在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday.(5一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.(6球类棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.* 但乐器前要用定冠词the:I play the guitar very well.(7学科名

7、称前:My favorite subject is music.(8在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.(9固定词组中:at noon at night by bus练习:1. _ earth is one of _ planets.A. The ; sunsB. The ; the sunC. The ; the sunsD. The ; the suns2.Tokyo is _.A. the capital of JapanB. capital of JapanC. Japan capitalD. a capital of Japan3. Kate sometimes plays _ violin and sometimes plays _ table tennis before supper.A. / ; theB. the ; /C. the ; theD. / ; /4. Have you seen _ pencil? I left it here this morning.-Is it _ red one ? I saw it.A. a ; theB. the ; theC. the ; aD. a ; a5.There is_ orange tree